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SPD Resources _ United States _ Olympia Therapy PLLC

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SPD Resources _ United States _ Olympia Therapy PLLC (1)

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Ce este R. E. I.? | R.E.I. - Resurse Educație Incluzivă

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Ce este R. E. I.? | R.E.I. - Resurse Educație Incluzivă

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Asociația Toți Copiii Citesc (ATCC)

Promovăm și susținem aplicarea corectă a principiului echității în sistemul de învățământ. Contribuim la asigurarea celor mai bune condiții pentru ca fiecare copil din România să își dezvolte abilitățile de citit și scris, esențiale pentru o educație de calitate și pentru a învăța pe tot parcursul vieții.

Asociația Toți Copiii Citesc (ATCC) este o extindere strategică a programului Școli cu scLipici , dezvoltat în cadrul Fundației Noi Orizonturi între 2020 și 2024, cu sprijinul financiar al Pepco România.

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Asociația Toți Copiii Citesc (ATCC) Promovăm și susținem aplicarea corectă a principiului echității în sistemul de învățământ. Contribuim la asigurarea celor mai bune condiții pentru ca fiecare copil din România să își dezvolte abilitățile de citit și scris, esențiale pentru o educație de calitate și pentru a învăța pe tot parcursul vieții.

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Motivation is a critical factor in student learning success. In an ideal world, our children would show up to school ready and eager to learn. They would ask questions, persevere when things became difficult, and show off their new learning to peers and parents. In fact, this is the case for some percentage of students. Those students who are very motivated to learn without any external rewards are described by psychologists as being intrinsically motivated. These children have a natural eagerness to learn. Unfortunately, many of our students do not approach learning so easily. For whatever set of reasons, they may want to avoid work or learning. In this case, it is our job as educators or parents to motivate them to succeed. In a previous blog post,we talked about the importance of reinforcement. We also described formal strategies for identifying reinforcers. Sometimes, despite our best efforts, we can't seem to find a way to motivate our students.

Motivating Students with Autism:

Unfortunately, many of the students that are lagging the furthest behind their peers are those that don't appear to have much intrinsic motivation for learning. In some cases, it is their difficulty learning that contributes to their avoidance of it. When students are not motivated to learn on their own, we say that they need extrinsic(or external) motivation for doing their work. While this is not an ideal situation, it is often necessary to get students initially engaged in the process of learning. Once they begin to make progress and start to enjoy the experience of learning, we can start to fade out external (or contrived) reinforcers.

For children with autism, it may also be difficult to identify the right external rewards that will motivate them for completing their work. As a result, we often have to get creative and think outside of the box so that we can understand our children and motivate them effectively. In this blog post, we will share a list of 101 reinforcement ideas from our collective clinical experience. This list is by no means exhaustive, but hopefully it will help get you started with motivating your students!

The list is separated into different categories of reinforcement. Your student may prefer reinforcement from one category, or prefer a variety of categories to motivate them throughout the day. Ultimately, it is up to you to experiment and see what works best for your individual students!

15 Activity Reinforcement Ideas

Activity reinforcers are great to incorporate into your classroom or home routine whenever possible. Activity reinforcement involves allowing a child access to a preferred activity for some predetermined length of time (e.g., 3 minutes, 5 minutes, etc.). The main downside of this reinforcement strategy is that that activity reinforcers are often not portable (e.g., you can't bring them around with you) and they often require leaving the learning area to implement. As a result, they tend to be used less frequently in classrooms.

20 Sensory Activity Reinforcement Ideas

Many children on the autism spectrum have sensory symptoms that include either under or over-sensitivity to various sensory modalities. While this can be a problem during a fire drill or a crowded lunch room, it can be a benefit for motivating learning. Some of my students' favorite reinforcers come from this category. I particularly love using sensory reinforcement because it often serves both the function of relaxing students while also rewarding them for their hard work!

1. Water Beads

2. Bin of dry beans and rice

3. Playing with shaving cream on a cookie sheet

4. Silly putty or Theraputty

5. Water play

6. Marbles

7. Box of things that smell good (e.g., potpourri)

8. Chew toys

9. Weighted blanket (

10. Bouncing on an exercise ball

11. Going in a tent

12. Body Sock

13. Teeter Popper toy

14. Sensory bottles

15. Kinetic sand

16. Box with assorted dry pasta (macaroni, farfalle, rotini, etc.)

17. Stretchy noodle bands

18. Stress balls

19. Sequin pillows

20 Food Reinforcement Ideas

Food reinforcement is often the most misused and disliked (by parents and educators) of reinforcer options. We say misused, because often the foods provided are unhealthy and given in large quantities that can contribute to health problems in adults with developmental disabilities. We say disliked because it is the one reinforcer type that we have most often been asked by parents and teachers to avoid in our recommendations. However, despite these reservations, food reinforcers can be an effective and critical part of a motivational system for children in a classroom. They are one of the fewprimary reinforcers, which means they don't require any prior learning to be rewarding. The important consideration is to cut any snacks into small portions and to use these sparingly. If children receive large quantities of a food reinforcer, they are likely to get full and bored of them.

21 Toy Reinforcement Ideas

This list could be hundreds of items long, but we decided to compile some of the most common items that we have used as reinforcement in our work with children with autism. Toys are great because they are usually portable and you can easily give access and remove it when free time is done.

15 Attention Reinforcement Ideas

Positive attention can be an awesome way to provide reinforcement to students for doing a great job on their programs. In fact, we should try to move most or all of our children to primarily attention reinforcement. The challenge is that attention is considered to be a form ofgeneralized conditioned reinforcer.This means that it becomes a reinforcer due to its association with other rewards. So it may take some time before your students value your attention. That is why pairing with our students is so important!

10 Electronic Reinforcement Ideas

Much like food reinforcement, using electronics to reinforce children can be problematic. These reinforcers can be very powerful but unfortunately are commonly misused. In our consulting work, we have frequently seen children spend excessive time on electronics and then have significant difficulty with giving them up. It's important to use electronic reinforcers sparingly and wisely. In short, it is important to limit access to electronics so that they are special and novel - not everyday and boring.

1. Playing a game on an iPad (some ideas:Crazy Gears, Faces iMake, Toca Kitchen)

2. Watching a video on YouTube

3. Listening to music

4. Using Snapchat filters to take pictures/video

5. Doing a puzzle on the iPad

6. Taking selfies

7. Playing a video game on a console or Gameboy

8. Researching special interest on Google

9. Printing out a preferred picture on a computer

10. Coloring a picture on the computer or iPad

Feedback
What did you think of our article? Did it help you to utilize reinforcement more effectively in your home or classroom? Are there any other reinforcers that you use that we can add to our list? Post your comments or questions in the comments box below!

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101 Reinforcement Ideas for Students with Autism

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Having trouble coming up with ideas for reinforcers for kids with autism? Check out our lost for 101 ideas!

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5 Effective Reinforcement Techniques For Autism Classrooms

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Effective reinforcement techniques for autism classrooms are essential for motivating students, teaching new skills, and managing challenging behaviors.

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Autism and Wandering in the Classroom-5 Steps You Need |Noodle Nook

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Autism and wandering in the classroom can be a huge problem, Learn the 5 steps to changing wandering behavior in your classroom. Listen now…

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STRATEGII DE INCLUZIUNE PENTRU ELEVII CU TSI 

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STRATEGII DE INCLUZIUNE PENTRU ELEVII CU TSI 

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Asociația FDP - Protagonişti în educaţie

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Strategii de incluziune a elevilor cu tulburări specifice de învățare (TSI)

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STRATEGII DE INCLUZIUNE PENTRU ELEVII CU TSA

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STRATEGII DE INCLUZIUNE PENTRU ELEVII CU TSA

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Asociația FDP - Protagonişti în educaţie

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STRATEGII DE INCLUZIUNE PENTRU ELEVII CU ADHD

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STRATEGII DE INCLUZIUNE PENTRU ELEVII CU ADHD

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Asociația FDP - Protagonişti în educaţie

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What To Do When a Student Refuses to Work

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35 minute despre accesul la educatie in scolile de masa pentru elevii cu CES

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35 minute despre accesul la educatie in scolile de masa pentru elevii cu CES

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Asociația FDP - Protagonişti în educaţie

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Proiectarea lecțiilor la clasă pentru elevii cu CES (cerințe educaționale speciale) eduacces.ro

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Asociatia Bucuresti Pentru Copii Dislexici

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Pentru Cadre Didactice Archives - Asociatia Bucuresti Pentru Copii Dislexici

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Platforma de E-learning cu resusrse pentru copiii cu CES 

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Platforma de E-learning cu resusrse pentru copiii cu CES 

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O lume echitabilă în care fiecare copil, tânăr și adult își atinge potențialul maxim este viziunea Fundației Romanian Angel Appeal pentru societatea în care trăim. Pentru a transpune in realitate aceasta viziune,in toate proiectele pe care le implementam, educația este o componentă puternica.

O experiență de peste 25 de ani în furnizarea de cursuri și derularea de programe educaționale pentru profesioniști stă la baza acestui Hub educațional. Ne-am propus să oferim acces la resurse, instrumente și cursuri pentru categorii diverse de profesioniști în domenii cheie de activitate.

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RAA Learning HUB - platformă cursuri online

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O lume echitabilă în care fiecare copil, tânăr și adult își atinge potențialul maxim este viziunea Fundației Romanian Angel Appeal pentru societatea în care trăim. Pentru a transpune in realitate aceasta viziune,in toate proiectele pe care le implementam, educația este o componentă puternica.

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Platforma cu resurse pentru elevii cu CES

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Platforma cu resurse pentru elevii cu CES

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Platforma digitală EduacCES este o platformă deschisă ce va centraliza materiale educaționale resursă create și utilizate de specialiști, materiale care să permită depășirea obstacolelor create de sistemul de educație, pentru ca elevii cu CES să facă parte din comunitate, să fie integrați și sprijiniți în adaptarea lor la mediul școlar.

Platforma va fi un spațiu pentru resurse ce pot fi folosite, adaptate, reutilizate liber.

Popularea platformei cu materiale educaționale, cu materiale corespunzătoare diverselor discipline predate, jocuri, publicații poate fi facută atât de experții proiectului, cât și de utilizatori, cadre didactice, specialiști, care interacționează în parcursul educațional cu copilul cu CES.

EduacCES are o componentă interactivă care va veni în sprijinul specialiștilor. Prin Helpline-ul (asigurat de psihologi), cadrele didactice și ceilalți utilizatori pot veni în contact să discute cazuri speciale, să obțină sfaturi și ajutor.

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Centrul de resurse de învățare pentru profesori, EduacCES

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Platforma digitală EduacCES este o platformă deschisă ce va centraliza materiale educaționale resursă create și utilizate de specialiști, materiale care să permită depășirea obstacolelor create de sistemul de educație, pentru ca elevii cu CES să facă parte din comunitate, să fie integrați și sprijiniți în adaptarea lor la mediul școlar.

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Cateva repere despre cum putem folosi art-terapia in reducerea anxietatii la elevi

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Cateva repere despre cum putem folosi art-terapia in reducerea anxietatii la elevi

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manual de arte combinate si terapie ocupationala

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kit senzorial pentru reducerea anxietatii 

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kit senzorial pentru reducerea anxietatii 

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Our daughter Dancing Queen suffers from PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder) and anxiety disorder. She has been in therapy for a few years now, including a specialized treatment program for trauma and attachment.

We work a lot with her at home, but I have recently been wanting to work more on teaching her to manage some of her anxiety on her own so that she can slowly work towards independence by the time she is an adult. One of the tools I chose to use was creating a calm down kit for her to help her manage her anxiety.

The most important factor in creating a kit for your child is customizing it to what works for your child. If you have seen that there are certain activities or toys that seem to soothe your child, those may be great additions to their kit.

What you want to do in essence is create a toolbox of tools that they can pull out when they need them. You want to give them the strategies and confidence to be able to manage their stress and anxiety on their own.

In my daughter's kit, I included:

two stress balls (tutorial on how to make them yourself easily and inexpensively here)

a kaleidoscope

Wondertube (I-spy tube)

piece of fabric

lavender scented play dough in purple (soothing colour)

small mirror (for checking herself to see if her face is relaxed)

Rescue Remedy (natural stress relief drops that seem to really help our daughter if given at the beginning of anxiety)

the book The Way I Feel

sound therapy (her favourite is the tropical rainforest sound or the heartbeat)

mini massager (she is able to massage her scalp or ask me to massage her back or neck with this)

relaxation prompt cards*

*I have provided printable Relaxation Prompts for Children with some suggested activities or you can make your own. Please read the explanations at the bottom of this post that go into more detail about each of the suggested tools for reducing stress and anxiety.
For younger children, you may need to create cards with pictures.
Other suggestions of items that could be included in an anti-anxiety kit...

How to use the anxiety reduction kits...

Before introducing your child to their kit and its contents, sit down with them and discuss the signs that they are beginning to feel anxious. Have them describe to you the changes they feel in their body.

Ask them questions about their heart rate, their breathing, their senses, their temperature (many children describe feeling hot or cold), and any other changes they notice in their bodies as they begin to become anxious.

Next, empower them by telling them that you believe in them and think that they can learn strategies to help them cope with their own stress. You may want to tell them a few strategies you use to cope with your own stress.

Introduce the kit that you have made "just for them" and explain its contents and how each may be used when they start to feel anxious. Let them know that there may be times when they try one thing in the kit and it doesn't seem to help but that there are other things they can try.

All of the items and ideas in the kit should be practised with you a number of times before the child is expected to try them on their own. Until a child feels confident about their ability to reduce their anxiety themselves, you should stay nearby while they use their kit.

Offer encouragement and praise, but avoid the temptation to suggest which coping strategy they should use unless you see an escalation in their anxiety and it is obvious that they need direction.

Explanations for the Relaxation Prompt Cards...

Go to a quiet place - sometimes removing themselves from a situation or from the noise and distractions can help minimize stress responses and help a trauma response or time of anxiety to be over faster.

Pray - this one seems fairly self-explanatory. For children who have a foundation of faith, prayer can be comforting.

Listen to music - listening to music or a special relaxation CD with soothing sounds on it is very calming for many children.

Breathe deeply - deep breathing is a skill that must be taught and practised. Your child will be better able to handle stressful situations using their breathing techniques if they have practised them at times when they were not feeling under duress. One way to practise is to have them lay on their back and place a stuffed animal on their stomach or chest and demonstrate how the stuffed animal rises and falls with their breathing and see if they can create higher rises.

Go for a run - running is a good activity for stimulating endorphins, releasing cortisol (very important in children with high anxiety), and providing an EMDR effect on the bottoms of the feet because of the left-right repetitive motion (more about EMDR below)

Wrap yourself in a blanket - wrapping snugly in a blanket or even in a tube of stretchy fabric mimics the feelings of security of being swaddled as an infant and for some children, may provide quick relief from anxiety

Drink water - Being even slightly dehydrated can increase cortisol levels. It's important for our kids who battle anxiety to drink water frequently.

Tapping - Explaining tapping (Emotional Freedom Technique) would require a post all of its own. It works wonders for some kids and they can even learn to do it to themselves. For other kids, it doesn't seem to decrease their stress. You can learn more about it and watch how-to videos here.

Draw a picture - Art therapy is an incredible tool and by expressing themselves through art during a time of high emotion, your child may be able to release some of their stress and perhaps even be better able to get to the root of and communicate their feelings.

Relax your face - Have your child practise tightening and relaxing their muscles at a time when they are not in crisis to better understand what relaxed looks and feels like. This is where having a small mirror in their kit will come in handy.

Hum a song - humming is more calming than singing because of the vibrations

Imagine your safe place - our daughter has done imagery work in therapy about her safe place so when she is struggling to feel safe within her feelings or body or memories, going to that place in her mind helps her to feel safe again (this is something you would want to discuss with your child at a time when they are calm so that they could determine what that place is for them)

Put your feelings in a bucket - this is a tool that our daughter learned in therapy and it works very well for her when her feelings are overwhelming her. To make this easier, I am keeping her kit in a large bowl with a lid so that the bowl is readily accessible. It is what it sounds like. The child grabs their feelings (from near their stomach or chest or wherever they feel they are) and puts them into a bowl. When they feel like all their scary feelings are in the bowl, they can put the lid on it and put them away for when they are feeling strong enough to face them. (our daughter chooses to give her feelings to God before she puts the lid on the bowl)
I also highly recommend When My Worries Get Too Big (a relaxation book for children who live with anxiety).
Read a book - there are so many wonderful children's books about feelings such as I Feel Orange Today, Today I Feel Silly, When I Feel Sad , My Mouth is a Volcano that can help children to recognize and address their feelings.

EMDR - EMDR is a therapy (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) that has proven highly effective in dealing with trauma. It can be done using taps and can be combined with a positive mantra such as "I'm okay, you're okay" or "I'm safe, you're safe" to retrain the brain. I would recommend that you get some instruction on EMDR from a trained therapist because I don't feel that I am qualified to teach you how, nor do I know your child and the particular circumstances, but EMDR has been the single most effective therapy that we have used with our daughter. I have also used it on myself in the past in dealing with trauma and on some of our other kids.

Ask for a hug - learning to ask for comfort when they need it is a wonderful skill for a child to have

Count slowly - this can be combined with breathing techniques to make it even more effective
What to Include in a Calm Down Kit More Calm in the Chaos - The Printable Planner for Moms of Special Needs Kids Sleep Solutions for Children with Sensory Needs Helping a Child Through Trauma Feelings Jenga Game
Whisper the alphabet - reciting something familiar such as the alphabet is a good anxiety reducing technique and whispering it helps them to focus on something other than their negative emotions in the moment

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Create Your Own Anti-Anxiety Kit for Children

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Our daughter Dancing Queen suffers from PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder) and anxiety disorder. She has been in therapy for a few years now, including a specialized treatment program for trauma and attachment.