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1. WRITING

Làm vào vở và up lên group - Brainstorm sử dụng các cụm từ mới trong cuốn Highlight Simon cho đề:The positive effects of many young people going to shopping malls.

Mọi người gõ text đăng lên group nhé

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LƯU Ý - IDEAS CẦN TRÌNH BÀY 3 LỚP NHƯ ĐÃ HƯỚNG DẪN TRÊN LỚP

2. ACTIVE READING

Hoàn thiện các đoạn còn lại của bài Crop-Growing Skyscrapers trong HANDOUT (ACTIVE READING)

Cần thể hiện rõ nội dung chính của các câu văn trong đoạn qua phần Marginal notes ở cột phải

Phần signpost các bạn highlight màu xanh dương

Phần keywords/ figures highlight vàng

Lưu ý các yếu tố referencing

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Topic sentence: The government should invest in the arts.

(2 main idea)

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TOPIC SENTENCE: There are several benefits of playing video games

MAIN IDEA:

(1) Playing video games allows players to unwind

(2) Gaming also allows help people develop skills

1. ASPECT

Education

Health (physical & mental)

Work - Employment

Economy & Finance

Environment

Culture - Society

2. Đối tượng/ Factor (SOLUTION/ IMPACT)

On a personal level,....

On a national level/ on a societal level,....

On an international level,....

Ex: Question The solutions for climate change/ the impact of climate change

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1. SPEAKING

Tổng kết từ vựng của các topic đã học vào vở từ vựng speaking (không phải vở ghi - Không ghi lẫn lộn các vở) sau đó up lên group lớp. Deadline: tối t6 tuần này

2. WRITING - các bạn học trực tiếp thì làm vào vở - Các bạn online thì post text lên group. Deadline:...

Exercise: lập Outline cho bài Essay 03: Online Education

Exercise 2: DỊCH VIỆT-ANH sử dụng phần đoạn văn gợi ý.

CHÚ Ý:

1- Tránh sử dụng máy móc phần gợi ý. Cần chọn các cụm từ cần dịch sao cho phù hợp ngữ cảnh.

2- Tra từ điển cả những từ đơn giản nhất nếu có thể.

3- Tuyệt đối tránh việc dịch word by word hoặc dùng Translate Google.

4- Mọi người vẫn copy cả câu tiếng Việt khi làm bài tập để cả mình và mọi người tiện đối chiếu lúc chữa bài.

5- Bài tuy ngắn nhưng mọi người hãy cố gắng viết đi viết lại câu để chất lượng câu thật tốt, và quan trọng là check từ điển ldoceonline.com từng từ một để tránh lỗi!

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When they finish school, teenagers face the dilemma of whether to get a job or continue their education. While there are some benefits to getting a job straight after school, I would argue that it is better to go to college or university.

1. Nhiều học sinh thường gặp khó khăn khi tìm việc làm sau khi tốt nghiệp

find it hard to

2. Có một vài lợi ích cho việc học các môn nghệ thuật ở trường

3. Theo ý kiến của tôi, sẽ tốt hơn nếu các học sinh đi học tiểu học khi chúng được 5 tuổi.

The option to start work straight after school is attractive for several reasons. Many young people want to start earning money as soon as possible. In this way, they can become independent, and they will be able to afford their own house or start a family. In terms of their career, young people who decide to find work, rather than continue their studies, may progress more quickly. They will have the chance to gain real experience and learn practical skills related to their chosen profession. This may lead to promotions and a successful career.

4. Không dễ cho đa số các bạn trẻ khi tìm việc làm ở các thành phố lớn

5. Trẻ em có thể có được nhiều kinh nghiệm thực tế nếu chúng đi học sớm

6. Trẻ em nên được dạy cách tự lập từ bé.

7. Nếu học sinh chăm chỉ, chúng sẽ có thể dễ dàng thành công hơn trong sự nghiệp.

8. Sự chăm chỉ đóng vai trò quan trọng cho thành công trong sự nghiệp

to play an important role in

to be important to

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SPEAKING

Làm video và text (chỉ gạch outline các cụm từ đã học sao cho có ít nhất 2 cụm từ cho 1 câu hỏi. KHÔNG gạch ý ra)

1 Do you often watch TV?

3 What is your favourite TV program?

5 What did you watch on TV when you were a child?

6 Do you think children should watch TV?

B. WRITING - deadline 23h tối t6. Các bạn học online đăng lên group còn các bạn học trực tiếp thì viết vào vở và mang đi

On the other hand, I believe that it is more beneficial for students to continue their studies. Firstly, academic qualifications are required in many professions. For example, it is impossible to become a doctor, teacher or lawyer without having the relevant degree. As a result, university graduates have access to more and better job opportunities, and they tend to earn higher salaries than those with fewer qualifications. Secondly, the job market is becoming increasingly competitive, and sometimes there are hundreds of applicants for one position in a company. Young people who do not have qualifications from a university or college will not be able to compete.

9. Sẽ có lợi cho người già nếu họ tập thể dục thường xuyên

10. Bằng cấp không phải lúc nào cũng đóng vai trò quan trọng vì có nhiều công việc đòi hỏi kinh nghiệm thực tế.

11. Đối với sinh viên đã tốt nghiệp, không dễ để có một mức lương cao

12. Điều mà nhiều sinh viên tốt nghiệp mong muốn là một công việc có mức lương cao

13. Thị trường lao động ngày càng cạnh tranh khiến nhiều người không có bằng cấp khó có thể tìm được công việc tốt.

to cause smb to do smth

leave smb unable to do smth

For the reasons mentioned above, it seems to me that students are more likely to be successful in their careers if they continue their studies beyond school level.

14. Đối với tôi thì những bố mẹ bận rộn ít có khả năng chăm sóc con cái.

15. Trẻ em sẽ có nhiều cơ hội học tốt hơn nếu bố mẹ dành nhiều thời gian giám sát chúng

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1. WRITING (deadline tối t2) Các bạn online gõ text còn các bạn học trực tiếp cần nộp vở.

PHẦN A

People have different views about how much choice students should have with regard to what they can study at university. While some argue that it would be better for students TO BE FORCED INTO CERTAIN KEY SUBJECT AREAS (phải bắt buộc học các môn học chính nhất định) I believe that everyone should be able to study the course of their choice.

There are various reasons why people believe that universities should only offer subjects that will be useful in the future. They may assert that university courses like medicine, engineering and information technology are more likely to be beneficial than certain art degrees. From a personal perspective, it can be argued that these courses PROVIDE MORE JOB OPPORTUNITIES (cung cấp nhiều cơ hội việc làm hơn), CAREER PROGRESSION (thăng tiến trong sự nghiệp), BETTER SALARIES (mức lương cao hơn), and therefore AN IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE (chất lượng cuộc sống được cải thiện) for students who take them. On the societal level, by forcing people to choose particular university subjects, governments can ensure that any knowledge and skill gaps in the economy are covered. Finally, a focus on technology in HIGHER EDUCATION (giáo dục đại học) could LEAD TO NEW INVENTIONS (tạo ra những phát minh mới), ECONOMIC GROWTH (tăng trưởng kinh tế), and GREATER FUTURE PROSPERITY (sự thịnh vượng hơn trong tương lai).

In spite of these arguments, I believe that university students should BE FREE TO CHOOSE THEIR PREFERRED AREAS OF STUDY (được tự do lựa chọn ngành học họ yêu thích hơn). In my opinion, society will benefit more if our students are passionate about what they are learning. Besides, nobody can really predict which AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE (các lĩnh vực kiến thức) will be most useful to society in the future, and it may be that employers begin to VALUE CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS (đánh giá cao kỹ năng tư duy sáng tạo) above practical or technical skills. IF THIS WERE THE CASE (nếu điều này xảy ra), perhaps we would need more students of art, history and philosophy than of science or technology.

In conclusion, although IT MIGHT SEEM SENSIBLE FOR universities TO (có vẻ hợp lý cho … để làm gì) focus only on the most useful subjects, I personally prefer the current system in which people have the right to study whatever they like.

PHẦN B – DỊCH VIỆT-ANH

Mọi người làm xong cần dành lượng thời gian ít nhất bằng lượng thời gian đã bỏ ra để sửa lại bài. Giai đoạn sửa lại là giai đoạn mọi người kiểm tra lại thông tin trong từ điển Longman hoặc tham khảo sách Hướng dẫn viết câu, và cũng chính là lúc tiến bộ. Nếu chỉ dành thời gian dưới 30 phút làm bài tập này thì thường sẽ không học được gì nhiều.

1. Tôi luôn tin rằng học sinh sẽ phát huy được hết khả năng của mình nếu họ được học những môn học do chính họ lựa chọn.

2. Theo tôi, thật là không hợp lý nếu các trường đại học chỉ cung cấp các môn học hữu ích cho tương lai. (Viết theo 2 cách nếu có thể)

3. Một số người cho rằng, việc bắt buộc những môn học chính nhất định có thể giúp học sinh thành công hơn ở trường và ở ngoài đời.

4. Không phải học sinh nào cũng mong muốn học những khóa học mà người ta cho rằng là có nhiều cơ hội việc làm hơn hay có mức lương cao sau này.

5. Về phương diện cá nhân (không phải là theo ý kiến cá nhân), việc đạp xe đạp thường xuyên có thể giúp người ta khỏe mạnh. (Viết theo 2 cách nếu có thể)

6. Về phương diện xã hội, việc đạp xe đạp còn giúp góp phần bảo vệ môi trường. (Viết theo 2 cách nếu có thể)

8. Có vẻ là hợp lý khi nhà nước cấm các hoạt động quảng cáo. (Viết theo 2 cách nếu có thể)

9. Ở một số nước trên thế giới, trong việc tuyển dụng thì sự trung thành/cống hiến ở nơi làm việc được xem trọng hơn so với việc kỹ năng và bằng cấp.

2. SPEAKING (deadline tối t3)

Quay video và viết text (Gạch đầu dòng các cụm từ ĐÃ HỌC – áp dụng ít nhất 2 cụm cho mỗi câu hỏi, chứ TUYỆT ĐỐI KHÔNG viết full text để tạo tính phản xạ sử dụng các cụm từ đã học)

1 Are you a happy person?

2 What usually makes you happy?

3 What makes you feel unhappy?

4 Do you think people in your country are generally happy people?

5 Can money make people happy?

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1 Are you a happy person?

Gia Hưng

Consider myself a happy

I experience stress, esp when deadlines for my studies are very close/ personal worries

maintain positive look on life/ make an effort to stay optimistic

Moments in life

Thắng

Generally a happy person

I try to focus on the positive side of life rather than the negative. For example, I try to get along with my friends, colleagues instead of arguing with them/ enjoy small things in life

Sometimes, I also experience stress due to difficulties in both schools and workplace or when I get a bad mark -- try to stay optimistic

2 What usually makes you happy?

spending quality time with my loved one --> feel relaxed and connected -- escape from the daily grind - enjoy meaningful moments with fam

Simple thing

Achieve my personal goal --> proud of myself + sense of fulfillment

Jace

Spend quality time with my fam + friends (filled with support and laugh)

Get my goals - finishing difficult tasks at work --> gives me a sense of fulfillment - motivate to to keep improving myself

Try a good meal or listen to music - lift my moods

3 What makes you feel unhappy?

conflicts with my close friend. When we argue, and in the heat of the moment, say some bad words - hurt their feelings --> guilty because I really value our friendships

Another thing -- upset - when I disappoint my fam. get a bad grade -> make my parents and worried.

Lê Anh Đức

unhappiness - comes from things I can not fix or control

Stress from schools/ work --> (fail to meet my personal goals)

experience rough time - hits hard (do nothing to hell them get over)

4 Do you think people in your country are generally happy people?

people in VN - generally happy

Festivals, traditions - are celebrated throughout the country (for example - Tet Holiday

Additionally, receive significant government support - (healthcare service - free of charg) have a better living standard, education)

5 Can money make people happy?

Money is important part of our life - money allow us to pursue our passion and hobbies

Buy us opportunities - have a better life

Another things that contribute to overall happiness (spending quality time with fam/ friend)

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NOTE

Not too general - not too specific

Ex: Working early can have both benefits and drawbacks (TOO GENERAL)

EX: Working early can foster students' sense of responsibility since they have to fulfill all the assigned tasks to gain money. (TOO SPECIFIC)

--> There are several benefits associated with early workforce participation. (TOPIC SENTENCE) (BODY 1)

--> However, I believe that drawbacks are more significant (topic sentence - body 2)

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A. SPEAKING - EXPAND IDEAS IN SPEAKING PART

3-4 sentences/ answer

1. WH- QUESTION

What:

Why (THE MOST IMPORTANT)

When/ where

Example: What kinds of games do you like to play

What: I play several kinds of games however, the best one is probably virtual reality games

Why: provides a realistic interaction with virtual characters and game atmosphere - making it feel as if we are actually inside the games or simulation

In VR, dont nee to worry anything around --> allowing me to focus 100% on the game to overcome challenges --> provide an immersive gaming experience

2. Comparison

In the past, I used to...

But these days, I tend to

Probably in the next few years, I will

Do you like travelling

Past: didnt enjoy travelling - back then I had to to save money for more important plans

But these days, I tend to travel more - because it provides a great form of entertainment and education

I love exploring new places and destinations to immerse myself in the beauty of the landscapes and learn more about cultures of that place, allowing me to broaden my horizon and enhance practical experiences

3. Linking

Money: cheap/ affordable -->

Family: strengthen family bonds, got me into this passion

Friend: interact with friends/

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Hoàng:

in your free time

Games. many kinds of games (knowledge and battle games)

Past: Used to

Pass entrance exam in my university

Friends - waste of time - inform me some knowledge

Future --> decrease time on screen and

What kinds of games

Best kinds of games is VR games because it has a real interact with the game atmosphere

Dont need to take care anything around me - 100% on games to pass the chall

Drawbacks of playing games too much

Worst - hurt my eyes -st parents critic on me - play so much

Decrease my ? bad g

Do you think parents should limit screen time

can't think independently - excessive time --> forget about knowledge learn at school

More into in their eyes can hurt very much

They need to activity outside to improve muscle

Fluency & coherence: 5 - Lexical resources: 4 - Grammar : 4 Pronunciation: 5 --> 4.5

ĐẶNG THU HÀ

How often do you go online?

Go online often

search the Internet every for my study and work

What do you usually do on the Internet

search documentary ? study often do sth like watching movies and entertainment like listening to music or watching videos

st read online news about economic - update the latest news

What kinds of news ?

read newspapers about daily life, economic and politic

international economics - knowledge about economy and update the latest

Do you think reading international news is important ?

necessary

open market and read international news help me to update what happen in our world.

Fluency & coherence: 4 - Lexical resources: 4 - Grammar : 4 Pronunciation: 5~ 6 --> 4.5

THẮNG

What is your hobby

play games & read books

really like play games - battle games

kinds of books i like reading is novel books and war books

How often do you read ?

Reading books every day? ten minutes in a day

Do you like sports

Yes, Swim and run

Do you reading is important?

Very important - improve mind and make YOU

create ?

Fluency & coherence: 3-4 - Lexical resources: 3-4 - Grammar: 4 Pronunciation: 4-5 --> 4

Gia Hưng

Do you like running

enjoy - enhance my strength and my overall flexibility

Run around my house for an hour a day -> helps me get better

Do you play any sports

Several sports - basketball, swimming, badminton - train my reaction time. hit the racket need to react fast - properly

Do you think it is important to exercise

crucial to do physical activities, since it improves your strength, flexibility - dont do any thing - get weaker.

Fluency & coherence: 5-6 - Lexical resources: 5 - Grammar: 5 Pronunciation: 6 --> 5.0 ~ 5.5

Chị My

Do you like travelling

Past: didnt travelling - money for a trip

these days travelling more - bring many benefits such as explore countries in the world - improve speaking skills in other language

What country do you want to visit in the future

Japan - a country in ASIA. Japan has things to explore

Many areas - you can go the Tokyo (capital of Japan)

Osaka - old town

Do you like taking photos

don't like taking photos - taking pictures to keep the memory

Taking pictures in each trip -

Which is best way to learn a foreign language - go to another country/ attend classes in their home country

Learn in the home country - prepare.

Learning a new language needs a long time - go another country when you don't know much. not good

Fluency & coherence: 4-5, Lexical resources: 4 - Grammar: 5 Pronunciation: 4-5 --> 4.0 - 4.5

LÊ LÂM

What apps do you often use

Google apps - searching some information - help me study & entertain

Do you use any social media platforms

Facebook

in the past, didn;'t know about - great platforms that can provide information - get through stress, can connect me with someone

Do you thing social media platforms provide great way to make friends

Connect with anyone with a single tap

search information ?

Fluency & coherence: 4 Lexical resources: 4 - Grammar: 4 Pronunciation: 4 --> 4.0

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Brainstorm ngược - đọc bài mẫu --> structure

Brainstorm

Practice _ sentence

STRUCTURE:

Topic sentence: Câu chủ để --> general opinion (agree/ disagree)

Main idea: Luận điểm chính --> main points

Supporting ideas: Chứng minh cho luận điểm chính (lý do tại sao? tác động/ hệ quả lâu dài) --> reason/ impact

Example: Thực tiễn, cụ thể (specific/ relevant)

LẬP OUTLINE

B1: Hw is an unnecessary burden

- Main idea: hw does not improve educational outcomes/ does not improve students' academic performance

- Supporting idea/ Example: Countries where students are not assigned hw tend to lead the international educational league tables.

Body 2: Hw plays a crucial role in education

Main idea: HW encourages independent learning and problem-solving skills

Supporting: Students have to work independently and apply learned knowledge

Example: Doing Maths helps students consolidate learned concept.

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1. Synonyms/ antonyms

Homework does not help improve educational outcomes

Homework does nothing to improve academic results/ learning achievements/ academic performance

2.Break down

Homework does not help improve students' scores, knowledge and skills.

3.Grammar

S V O --> Homework does not help improve educational outcomes

V-ing --> Doing homework may not help students improve their knowledge and skills

If S V O, S V O

Passive voice

It is + adj + for sb to do

There is a (need...) for sb to do (tích cực)

By + doing, SVO

With N phrase, S V O

From a/ an + Adj/ N perspective (from an education perspective, SVO)

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1. My Lê

1. GIẢI TRÍ

SIMPLY AS A FORM OF ENJOYMENT - [E07]

-> Listening to music IS simply (SERVES) as a form of enjoyment.

Thiếu động từ

HAVE LESS TIME FOR THE OUTDOOR LEISURE PURSUITS - [E38]

-> Because I spend A GREAT AMOUNT OF a lot of time working, I have less time for the outdoor leisure pursuits/ ACTIVITIES.

INFORMAL LANGUAGE "A LOT OF" --> A GREAT AMOUNT OF/ A GREAT DEAL OF (UNCOUNTABLE)

2. THÀNH CÔNG

LOSE THEIR MOTIVATION TO SUCCEED - [E05]

-> When people meet/ EXPERIENCE many failures, they usually lose their motivation to succeed.

WITH VARYING DEGREES OF SUCCESS - [E46]

-> People who work in the same field will HAVE be with varying degree of success. (N)

3. SỨC KHỎE

REMAIN HEALTHY - [E22]

-> People do exercise every day to remain healthy.

TAKE SOME RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR HEALTH - [E46]

-> People need to take some responsibility for their health. (TOO SHORT) - BY MAKING INFORMED CHOICES ABOUT THEIR DIET, EXERCISE AND OVERALL LIFESTYLE.

4. MÔI TRƯỜNG

THE BIGGEST THREATS TO THE ENVIRONMENT - [E11]

-> Climate change POSES brings the biggest threats to the environment.

WORD CHOICE

BRING/ OFFER (V) ĐEM LẠI - TÍCH CỰC

POSE (V) ĐẶT RA - TIÊU CỰC

LEAD TO A CLEAN, WASTE-FREE ENVIRONMENT - [E51]

-> Improving the waste treatment habits of citizens IS CRUCIAL AS IT CAN lead to a clean, waste-free environment.

2. JACE TRẦN

1. Giải trí

_ TAKE UP SPORT [E27]

=> I took up sports when I was 9 years old.

_ IT LEAVES NO TIME FOR OTHER ACTIVITIES [E28]

=> Nowadays, with the high intensity of work , it leaves INDIVIDUALS no time for other activities, such as playing sports or exercising, WHICH ARE ESSENTIAL to stay healthy.

2. Thành công

_ AN ACHIEVABLE REALITY [E02]

=> With hard work and persistence, success is not just. MERELY a dream but an achievable/ ATTAINABLE reality.

_ VALUABLE WORK [E14]

=> In my opinion, valuable work is not only about/ EMCOMPASSES MORE THAN JUST earning money but also about contributing positively to society. GOOD

3. Sức khoẻ

_ PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE [E03]

=> I always exercise and eat healthily because prevention is better than a cure.

_ PREVENTIVE MEASURES [E03]

=> Using sunscreen is a preventive measure to protect your OUR skin. --> TRONG VĂN VIẾT DÙNG FIRST PERSON VIEW

4. Môi trường

_ ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION [E01]

=> Environmental pollution is a CONCERNING big problem today.

LỖI VAGUE LANGUAGE: GOOD, BAD, BIG, SMALL (VAGUE) --> CẦN DÙNG CÁC TÍNH TỪ CỤ THỂ HƠN

_ TACKLE THE PROBLEM OF POLLUTION [E16]

=> Planting more trees can help tackle the problem of pollution.

3. Đoàn Khanh (Danny)

Giải trí:

REAL-LIFE PASTIMES (14)

--> Despite the rise of digital games, real-life pastimes such as hiking or fishing are still valued by many.

HAVE LESS TIME FOR THE OUTDOOR LEISURE PURSUITS (38)

--> Adults often have less time for outdoor leisure pursuits than children, since their schedules are usually filled with work and family responsibilities.

LOSE THEIR MOTIVATION TO SUCCEED (05)

--> Many young people lose their motivation to succeed when (they feel) overwhelmed by academic pressure, (which eventually prevents them from achieving real success and makes their future life more difficult) (PHẦN ĐẰNG SAU KHÔNG CẦN THIẾT LẮM DO VẾ TRƯỚC ĐÃ CÓ LOSE THEIR MOTIVATION TO SUCCEED RỒI)

PERSONAL SUCCESS(05)

For many people, personal success lies in maintaining a good (VAGUE LANGUAGE) HEALTHY work-life balance rather than IN gaining fame or financial prosperity.

THERE ARE HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES(06)

In big cities, there are health and safety issues caused by heavy traffic and air pollution, which directly affect residents’ quality of life. (HẠN CHẾ SỬ DỤNG CẤU TRÚC THERE IS/ ARE DO DỄ KHIẾN CÂU BỊ THỪA/ THIẾU ĐỘNG TỪ)

DIET-RELATED HEALTH PROBLEMS (07)

Nowadays, more/ AN INCREASING NUMBER OF children are suffering from diet-related health problems due to the excessive consumption of fast food and sugary drinks.

A COMPETITIVE ATMOSPHERE31

While a competitive atmosphere can motivate people to achieve more, it can also increase stress and NEGATIVELY IMPACT/ DETERIORATE decrease their mental health.

WORD CHOICE: DECREASE (GIẢM - SỐ LƯỢNG)

A PEACEFUL ENVIRONMENT (07)

Older people often prefer the peaceful/ TRANQUIL environment of the countryside because it helps them escape the noise and stress of city life.

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4. THU PHƯƠNG

1. GIẢI TRÍ

- PRESENT ONLY GOOD NEWS [01] (chỉ trình bày mỗi tin xấu ?? TIN TỐT )

ONLY/ EVERY.... -->EXTREME WORD

Ex: In this program, they present only good news to create a positive ATMOSPHERE for the audience

KHI MỘT CÂU CÓ TỪ ONLY THÌ CÂU ĐÓ THƯỜNG SẼ MANG SẮC THÁI TIÊU CỰC

--> When mass media only presents good news, it can lead to the creation of an unrealistic perception of the world and may prevent audiences from being fully informed about important issues.

- IMMUNE TO BAD NEW[01] (miễn nhiễm khỏi tin xấu)

Ex: Most famous people may be immune to bad news despite any scandals (câu này nghĩa hơi kỳ...)

--> tham khảo câu của cô "Despite the constant stream of negative headlines, some individuals remain remarkably immune to bad news, focusing instead on the positive aspects of life."

- CONSTANT MEDIA ATTENTION [11] (Sự quan tâm không ngừng của truyền thông)

Ex: She always receiveS (spelling) constant media attention when attending events

- STARS AND CELEBRITIES [11] (Ngôi sao và người nổi tiếng)

Ex: Reality TV shows often revolve around stars and celebrities to attract viewers. Good

2. THÀNH CÔNG

- GO OUT OF BUSINESS [01] (phá sản)

Ex: It has many A GREAT NUMBER OF small businessES went out of business after the pandemic

- THE ADDITIONAL INCOME [06] (thu nhập thêm)

Ex: Part-time jobs often help me earn more the additional income to make a living (SPOKEN LANGUAGE) --> SUPPORT MY LIVING EXPENSES

- IN BETTER ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES [06] (với hoàn cảnh tài chính tốt hơn)

Ex: Highly qualified PEOPLE person often lives in better economic circumstances

- LINK HAPPINESS TO WEALTH AND MATERIAL SUCCESS [07] (Gắn hạnh phúc với sự giàu có và thành công vật chất

Ex: Modern society OFTEN almost link happiness to wealth and material success, WHICH that makes people pressure/ PUTS PRESSURE ON PEOPLE.

- EARN A LIVING [07] (Kiếm sống]

Ex: I'm trying to earn a living by freelance work.

- BECOME ECONOMICALLY INDEPENDENT [09] (Trở nên độc lập về kinh tế)

Ex: Her goal is to become economically independent before the age of 30.

- ARE PAID HUGE SALARIES [11] (Được trả lương rất cao)

Ex: Professional players are paid huge salaries because of their talent.

- EXTRAVAGANT LIFESTYLES [11] (Lối sống phung phí)

Ex: Famous celebrities are BOTH admired and criticized by the public for their extravagant lifestyles.

- RELATIVELY SHORT CAREER [11] (Sự nghiệp ngắn ngủi)

Ex: Model job frequently has A relatively short career SPAN, so MODLES they have to make the most of their time.

- JUSTIFY THE HUGE EARNINGS [11] (Xứng đáng mức lương cao)

Ex: He tries to justify the huge earnings by doing charity work and sharing knowledge. (CÂU NÀY CŨNG HƠI KỲ)

3. SỨC KHỎE

- PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE [03] (phòng bệnh hơn chữa bệnh)

Ex: Doctors always EMPHASIZE THAT encourage that prevention is better than cure, so we should go for regular check-ups.

- HAVE A BREAK [09] (Nghỉ ngơi)

Ex: After a stressful work week , I need to have a break to recover RECHARGE my energy. (COLL)

- TAKING TIME OFF [09] (Dành thời gian nghỉ ngơi)

Ex: Taking time off CAN significant improve A PERSONAL 'S mental health.

- INNATE [13] (Bẩm sinh)

Ex: Some physical abilities are innate and cannot be acquired through practice.

- ENCOURAGE A MORE ACTIVE LIFESTYLE [18] (Khuyến khích lối sống năng động hơn)

Ex: SchoolS SHOULD encourage a more active lifestyle for students through extraCURRICULAR activities. (KHÔNG VIẾT TẮT)

- SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE [18] (Lối sống tĩnh lại)

Ex: Sedentary lifestyle is a major CONTRIBUTOR TO cause of various chronic illnesses. (CAUSE THÌ HƠI MẠNH - DÙNG CONTRIBUTOR)

- ADOPT A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE IN GENERAL [18] (Có lối sống lành mạnh hơn nói chung)

Ex: Our family tries to adopt a healthier lifestyle in general by eating healthy food and doing exercise.

4. MÔI TRƯỜNG

- A PEACEFUL ENVIRONMENT [07] (Môi trường yên bình)

Ex: I enjoy living in thE countryside because of its peaceful environment and fresh air.

- RE-ADAPT TO AN ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT [09] (Tái hòa nhập với môi trường học thuật)

Ex: After a long vacation, students need to re-adapt to an academic environment to get back on track academically (LẶP TỪ).

- TACKLE THE PROBLEM OF POLLUTION [16] (Giải quyết vấn đề ô nhiễm)

Ex: Governments are trying to tackle the problem of pollution through green policies.

5. THU HÀ

1. Provide great sources of information and entertainment - E33

-> In today’s world, the internet provides great sources of information and entertainment, such as music, videos, online newspapers, and games.

2. Lead to promotions and a successful career - E36

->College students who have an excellent degree and a sense of teamwork find it easier to get promotions and build a successful career than people who DO NOT don’t.(KHÔNG VIẾT TẮT)/ THOSE WHO LACK THESE QUALITIES.

3. ADOPT A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE - E18

->  (LENGTHY) People who wake up early and engage in physical activities adopt a healthier lifestyle in general TEND TO , which can contribute to both their HAVE BETTER physical AND MENTAL well-being and mental health

4. STRUGGLE TO ADAPT TO THEIR NEW ENVIRONMENT - E26

-> Researcher found that immigrants often struggle to adapt to their new environment, and MAY suffer from severe culture shock.

OVERGENERALIZATION (N) ---> MODAL VERB (CAN/ COULD, MAY/ MIGHT)

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HOMEWORK 1

Topic sentence: THERE ARE CERTAIN DRAWBACKS OF ONLINE EDUCATION

Main idea 1: The main drawbacks of online university courses is less direct interaction.

Supporting idea: Students don't have the opportunity to directly conNect (spelling)/ INTERACT with teachers, AND WITH Each other. --> Negative impact on peer support, discussion and exchange of ideas

main idea 2: Online students often lack the motivation and element of competition that face-to-face group work brings.

Main idea 2 --> TOPIC SENTENCE: Online university courses are a positive development for various reason.

Supporting idea MAIN IDEA 1: Students can study flexibly anywhere, anytime and they can cover the material at their own pace

Supporting idea MAIN IDEA 2: Reduce costs, increase revenue for university education

Supporting idea MAIN IDEA 3: Online classes are for anybody who is willing to study, regardless of age, location, ability and background.

Example: My uncle studied MBA online at age 65

GOOD

--> topic sentence/ main idea/ supporting

HOMEWORK 2

1.Many students find it difficult to find a job after graduation.

2.There are several benefits of studying art subjects in school.

IN SCHOOL/ AT SCHOOL

3.In my opinion, it would be better if students started primary school when they were 5 years old. --> CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 1

5.Children can gain much (INFORMAL) valuable real/ REAL-WORLD/ PRACTICAL experience if they go to school early.

Informal language in writing: much/ a lot of/ lots ---> a great amount / a great deal of.....(a wealth of information)

6.Children should be taught to be independent at A young age.

7.If students work hard, they will/ CAN be able to succeed easily in their career.

==> LƯU Ý "will" trong văn viết khi sử dụng với câu điều kiện loại 1 thường được chuyển sang can/ may/ might để giảm mức độ chắc chắn.

8.Hard work plays an important role in career success.

OVERALL GOOD

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1. SPEAKING (đình kèm) GOOD

2. WRITING

Exercise 1: lập Outline cho bài Essay 03: Online Education

- Main idea 1: The main disadvantage of online courses is less direct interaction.

*Supporting idea 1.1: Students do not have a chance to engage face-to-face with their teachers. Instead, they must use a written form of communication.

*Supporting idea 1.1: Not having the opportunity for a direct connection leads to negative impacts on peer support, discussion, and the exchange of ideas.

Main idea 1.2: Online learners lack the motivation and element of competition.

* Supporting idea 1.1: Students in traditional courses can attend seminars or discuss in the coffee shop, but online learners are restricted to the chat forum.

- Topic sentence 2: Besides the above drawbacks, online courses have various benefits.

*Main idea 2.1: Students can learn in flexible ways

*Supporting idea 2.1: They can study whenever and wherever they want, and they can cover the material at their own pace.

*Main idea 2.2: The cost of online university courses can be reduced.

*Main idea 2.3: Anybody can approach online courses, regardless of age, location, background and ability

*Example 2.3: My uncle who is 65 years old attends an online MBA course in another country.

WELL-DONE --> sample để các bạn khác có thể tham khảo

Exercise 2: DỊCH VIỆT-ANH sử dụng phần đoạn văn gợi ý.

CHÚ Ý:

1. Nhiều học sinh thường gặp khó khăn khi tìm việc làm sau khi tốt nghiệp

-> Numerous students often find it hard to find a job when they finish school./ AFTER GRADUATION

2. Có một vài lợi ích cho việc học các môn nghệ thuật ở trường

-> There are some benefits to learning an art subjectS in school.

3. Theo ý kiến của tôi, sẽ tốt hơn nếu các học sinh đi học tiểu học khi chúng được 5 tuổi.

-> In my opinion, it is better FOR STUDENTS to go to elementary school AT THE AGE OF FIVE if a student's age is 5.

4. Không dễ cho đa số các bạn trẻ khi tìm việc làm ở các thành phố lớn

-> Most young people find IT NOT EASY TO SECURE work in a big citIESy, that not easy.

OR, MANY YOUNG PEOPLE STRUGGLE TO FIND JOBS IN BIG CITIES

5. Trẻ em có thể có được nhiều kinh nghiệm thực tế nếu chúng đi học sớm

-> Children can gain several real-WORLD/ PRACTICAL experiences if they go to school as soon as possible/ early

EXPERIENCE (UNCOUNTABLE) KINH NGHIỆM

EXPERIENCES: TRẢI NGHIỆM

6. Trẻ em nên được dạy cách tự lập từ bé.

-> Children should be taught (how) to become independent when they are young/ AT A YOUNG AGE.

7. Nếu học sinh chăm chỉ, chúng sẽ có thể dễ dàng thành công hơn trong sự nghiệp.

-> If students work hard, they can easily succeed in their careers.

8. Sự chăm chỉ đóng vai trò quan trọng cho thành công trong sự nghiệp

-> Hard work plays an important role in a successful career.

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EX1:

B1:

- Main idea 1: less direct interaction

- Supporting ideas:

--> no opportunities to engage face to face with teachers; friends.

--> Have negative impact on peer support, discussion and exchange of ideas.

--> Lack the motivation and element of competition.

B2:

- Main idea 2: study in a flexible way.

- Supporting idea: learn whenever, wherever is convenient./ COVER THE MATERIALS AT THEIR OWN PACE

- Main idea 3: reduce the cost of a university education >< INCREASE REVENUE

- Main idea 4: Study regardless of age, location, ability and background.

--> BỔ SUNG THÊM PHẦN TOPIC SENTENCE

EX2:

1. Nhiều học sinh thường gặp khó khăn khi tìm việc làm sau khi tốt nghiệp.

--> There are plenty of NUMEROUS students find it hard to get a job after graduating.

2. Có 1 vài lợi ích cho việc học các môn nghệ thuật ở trường.

--> There are some benefits OF LEARNING for schooling's art subjects IN SCHOOL .

3. Theo ý kiến của tôi, sẽ tốt hơn nếu các học sinh đi học tiểu học khi chúng được 5 tuổi.

--> In my opinion, it is better for students to go to school when they are 5 years old.

4. Không dễ cho đa số các bạn trẻ khi tìm việc làm ở các thành phố lớn.

--> Young people find that working in big cities is challenging for the majority.(CHƯA SÁT NGHĨA LẮM SO VỚI CÂU GỐC)

==> IT CAN BE CHALLENGING FOR YOUNG PEOPLE TO SECURE JOBS IN BIG CITIES

5. Trẻ em có thể có được nhiều kinh nghiệm thực tế nếu chúng đi học sớm.

--> If children START were let go to school EARLY as soon as possible, they would have MORE OPPORTUNITIES chance to gain real-WORLD/ PRACTICAL experience.

6. Trẻ em nên được dạy cách tự lập từ bé.

--> Children should be taught to beCOME dependent from an early age.

7. Nếu học sinh chăm chỉ, chúng sẽ có thể dễ dàng thành công hơn trong sự nghiệp.

--> the more hard-working a student is, the more successful their career will be.

8. Sự chăm chỉ đóng vai trò quan trọng cho thành công trong sự nghiệp.

--> Diligence playS an important role in career success.

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EXERCISE 1

Topic sentence/ thesis statement"Online university courses have both advantages and disadvantages.

Main idea 1:

The main drawback of online learning is the lack of direct interaction.

Supporting ideas Students cannot communicate face-to-face with teachers and classmates, which reduces peer support, discussions, and the exchange of ideas.

Example: Online students can not attend seminars or discuss face to face with their peers

MAIN IDEA 2: Online students often lose motivation and do not feel the same competitive atmosphere as in traditional classrooms.

Main idea 2:

BODY 2

On the other hand, online courses bring several important benefits. (TOPIC SENTENCE)

-They give students the chance to study flexibly anywhere and anytime, and learn at their own pace. (main idea 1)

-They also lower costs and increase financial benefits for universities. (main idea 2)

-In addition, they are open to everyone, no matter their age, background, location, or ability. (main idea 3)

-Example: my uncle successfully completed an online MBA when he was 65 years old. (example)

==> lưu ý lại về bố cục - xem đâu là topic sentence, đâu là supporting sentences

EXERCISE 2

1. Many students often find it hard to get a job after graduation.

2. There are some benefits to learning art subjects at school.

3. In my opinion, it would be better if children started primary school at the age of five.

4. It is not easy for most young people to find a job in big cities.

5. Children can gain a lot of valuable practical experience if they start school early.

6. Children should be taught (how) to be independent from an early age.

7. If students study hard, they can achieve success in their careers more easily.

8. Hard work plays an important role in achieving success in a career.

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Speaking

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1. WRITING

1. Tôi luôn tin rằng học sinh sẽ phát huy được hết khả năng của mình nếu họ được học những môn học do chính họ lựa chọn.

=> I always believe that student can reach all of their potentials/ I ALWAYS BELIEVE THAT STUDENTS' ABILITIES CAN BE FULLY REALIZED if they can study subjects that they choose by themselves.

2. Theo tôi, thật là không hợp lý nếu các trường đại học chỉ cung cấp các môn học hữu ích cho tương lai. (Viết theo 2 cách nếu có thể)

=> In my opinion, it is illogical FOR when universities TO just provide beneficial subjects THAT ARE DEEMED BENEFICIAL in the future.

=> In my opinion, THAT universities only provide beneficial subjects WHICH ARE CONSIDERED TO BE BENEFICIAL FOR in the future is UNREASONABLE/ sensible illogical.

3. Một số người cho rằng, việc bắt buộc những môn học chính nhất định có thể giúp học sinh thành công hơn ở trường và ở ngoài đời.

=> Some people believe that forcing students into certain key subject areas can help them to be more successful in their school and life. (GOOD)

4. Không phải học sinh nào cũng mong muốn học những khóa học mà người ta cho rằng là có nhiều cơ hội việc làm hơn hay có mức lương cao sau này.

=> Not every students want to study courses that people think/ ARE CONSIDERED TO provide more job opportunities or higher salaries (after graduation).

5. Về phương diện cá nhân (không phải là theo ý kiến cá nhân), việc đạp xe đạp thường xuyên có thể giúp người ta khỏe mạnh. (Viết theo 2 cách nếu có thể)

=> From a personal perspective, regular(ly) cycling can help people stay healthy.

=> From a personal perspective, it is HEALTHY WHEN good for health when people regularly go cycling.

6. Về phương diện xã hội, việc đạp xe đạp còn giúp góp phần bảo vệ môi trường. (Viết theo 2 cách nếu có thể)

=> From a social SOCIETAL perspective, cycling can help contribute to environmental protection.

=> From a social SOCIETAL perspective, people can contribute to protecting the environment by cycling.

social: (adj) thuộc về xã hội (social issues) >< societal (adj) bình diện xã hội nói chung (societal norms)

level/ perspective --> from a societal perspective,...

8. Có vẻ là hợp lý khi nhà nước cấm các hoạt động quảng cáo. (Viết theo 2 cách nếu có thể)

=> It is logical/ SENSIBLE when the government prohibits advertising activities.

=> The government's prohibition of advertising activities is logical/ REASONABLE.

9. Ở một số nước trên thế giới, trong việc tuyển dụng thì sự trung thành/cống hiến ở nơi làm việc được xem trọng hơn so với việc kỹ năng và bang cấp

=> In some countries in the world, loyalty in the workplace is more important than/ PRIORITIZED OVER skills and degrees in hiring/ DURING RECRUITMENT PROCESS.

2. SPEAKING

Link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1ZeHrf0CBZzPZ2rJU0yfQ2GT3jTz5LrK1?usp=drive_link

1 Are you a happy person?

- Now

- Future: I hope I will still be the person that I am now.

- becoming a happy person is not really hard => maintain a positive outlook on life. + satisfy with what you have

2 What usually makes you happy?

- anything in my life as long as affordable

- cheap: watching a great movie at home

- costly: delicious meal at restaurant

3 What makes you feel unhappy?

- positive person => nothing

- some problems make me down mood => deep breathing => regain composure

- maintain emotional balance is important => my life is easier => happiness

4 Do you think people in your country are generally happy people?

- Yes

- children: approach education from young age, and it's free

- adult: government support for health care services fee, and free of charge when they are above 70

5 Can money make people happy?

- possible but not at all

- solve most problems

- some cases cannot, example: cannot achieve immortality, get old and face multiple health problems => some are terminal illness lead to death. Living and enjoying life longer with money is impossible

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I.Writing

1. I always believe that students can maximize their abilities/ students' potential can be maximized if they are allowed to study the subjects of their own choice.

2. In my opinion, it is unreasonable if/ for universities (to) only provide subjects that are considered to be useful for the future.

3. Some people believe that making certain core subjects compulsory can help students become more successful at both school and in life.

4. Not all students are willing to take courses that are believed to offer better job opportunities or higher salaries in the future.

5. On a personal level, cycling regularly can help people stay healthy.

6. On a societal level, cycling also helps protect the environment.

7. It seems reasonable for the government to ban advertising activities.

8. In some countries, when it comes to recruitment, loyalty and dedication to the workplace are valued more highly than/ over skills and qualifications.

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1. I always believe that students can maximize their abilities/ reach their full potential if they are allowed to choose their preferred areas of study.

2. In my opinion, it would be unreasonable if universities only provide subjects that are considered to be useful in the future.

3. Some people believe that by forcing students are forced into certain key subject areas, schools can help them become more successful their school and life

4. Not every student wants to study courses that are believed to offer more opportunities or high salaries in the future

5. In personal terms, cycling regularly can enhance our health.

6. In social terms, from a societal perspective, cycling also contributes to environmental protection.

7. It may be reasonable for the governments to ban advertising activities.

8. In some countries around the world, loyalty and dedication at/ in the workplace are valued more highly than/ over skills and qualifications in recruitment

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1. Paraphrase

synonyms/ antonyms

Break down

Grammar

Question: Statement (fact/ opinion)

Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology.

--> Some people argue that students should be allowed to choose the preferred areas of study while others suggest that they should be forced into certain core subjects.

1. Thesis statement --> Opinion

2.1. Argumentative essay

To what extent do you agree or disagree

a. Strongly agree/ disagree

Ex: Personally, I totally agree/ disagree with this opinion.

b. Partly agree

While + (opposite view), (personal view) more significant

Ex: While making certain subjects mandatory can be beneficial for students to certain extent, I believe that allowing students to study the subjects of their own choice can bring more advantages. (PERSONAL > OPPOSITE VIEW)

2.2. Discursive essay

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Question: In many countries, children are engaged in certain kinds of paid work. Some people believe that this can bring valuable working experience, important for learning and taking responsibility.

To what extent do you agree or disagree? --> Argumentative essay

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SPEAKING

Link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1BPQVudDEyfQa-QIFfsb7upQngvlf9pW3?usp=drive_link

1 Do you often watch TV?

- it’s not my cup of tea

- leave me with limited free time => Keep up with the news (smart and portable devices)

- Take advantage of lunch break time to stay informed. Browse through the headlines + read the latest events

3 What is your favorite TV program?

- TV drama series,

- Comedy genre brings a humorous look => de-stress , recharge my batteries

5 What did you watch on TV when you were a child?

- Past: cartoon. -> colorful - catches children’s attention, quite easy to understand that they do not feel hard to follow.

- These days: Pretty hectic

6 Do you think children should watch TV?

- Allocate time wisely

- various advantages: release stress, educational benefits (learn languages, get inspired)

B. WRITING

9. Sẽ có lợi cho người già nếu họ tập thể dục thường xuyên

-> It is beneficial for old people to (do) exercise regularly. (GOOD)

10. Bằng cấp không phải lúc nào cũng đóng vai trò quan trọng vì có nhiều công việc đòi hỏi kinh nghiệm thực tế.

-> Qualifications do not ALWAYS play a significant role since many professions/ jobs require real-WORLD/ PRACTICAL experience.

11. Đối với sinh viên đã tốt nghiệp, không dễ để có một mức lương cao

-> FOR GRADUATES, It is not easy to earn a high salary with graduates

12. Điều mà nhiều sinh viên tốt nghiệp mong muốn là một công việc có mức lương cao

-> WHAT Many graduates want IS a job opportunity that pays a high salary/ A WELL-PAID/ HIGH PAYING JOB.

13. Thị trường lao động ngày càng cạnh tranh khiến nhiều người không có bằng cấp khó có thể tìm được công việc tốt.

-> The job market is becoming more and more (INFORMAL) INCREASINGLY competitive, which leaves many people who do not have qualifications STRUGGLE difficult to find good job opportunities.

OR The job market is becoming increasingly competitive, making it difficult for many people without qualifications to find good job opportunities.

to cause smb to do smth

leave smb unable to do smth

14. Đối với tôi thì những bố mẹ bận rộn ít có khả năng chăm sóc con cái.

-> It seems to me that busy parents have less CAPACITY ability to take care of their children.

==> PHÂN BIỆT

ABILITY = CAN (SKILL/ TALENT) Ex: She has the ability to solve complex math problems

- CAPACITY: Maximum amount that sth can hold/ potential for sth to happen/ maximum ability

- CAPABILITY: Qualities/ features enable sb to do sth.

15. Trẻ em sẽ có nhiều cơ hội học tốt hơn nếu bố mẹ dành nhiều thời gian giám sát chúng

-> Children can have better study LEARNING opportunities if their parents spend more time SUPERVISING overseeing them.

==> PHÂN BIỆT SUPERVISE (GIÁM SÁT + CHỈ DẪN) VÀ OVERSEE (QUAN SÁT)

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Writing

9. It will be beneficial for the elderly if they exercise regularly

10. Degrees/ QUALIFICATIONS are not necessarily important because many jobs require real-word/ PRACTICAL experience

11. Regarding FOR graduates, it is not easy for them to seek a well-paid job

12. Graduates’ expectations are a well-paid job/ WHAT EVERY GRADUATES WANT IS HAVING A WELL-PAID JOB.

13. The job market is becoming increasingly competitive, which leaves unqualified people unable to find a good job

14. It seems to me that parents with hectic schedules are unlikely HAVE LESS CAPACITY to look after their children.

15. Children will have greater opportunities to study if their parents spend more time to supervising them  (SPEND TIME DOING STH)

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Speaking

1. Do you often watch TV?

_ Not usually.

_ Prefer using a smartphone or laptop.

2. What is your favourite TV program?

_Reality shows and comedy programs.

_Relieve stress and give me more energy.

_Some programs inspire.

3. What did you watch on TV when you were a child?

_Cartoon, kids' entertainment shows and science documentaries.

_Especially like things about science and the occult.

4. Do you think children should watch TV?

_ I think children should watch TV

_ Watch TV give them some benefits

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B.Writting
9.It is beneficial for old people TO exercise regularly.
10.degrees QUALIFICATIONS do NOT always play a significant role because some jobs require real-WORLD/ PRACTICAL experience.
11.For graduates, it is not easy to EARN have a high salary.
12.Many graduates aspire to HAVE a job with a high salary/ A WELL PAID JOB.
13.The labor market is BECOMMING increasingly competitive, making it difficult for many people without qualifications to secure good jobs.
15.Children will have more LEARNING opportunities to study well if parents spend more time supervising them

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9. It is beneficial for elderly people if they exercise regularly.

10. Qualifications are not always important because many jobs require practical experience.

11. For graduates, it is not easy to get a high salary JOB/ EARN A HIGH SALARY.

12. What many graduates ASPIRE TO HAVE is a job with a high salary.

ASPIRE (~HOPE: KHÁT VỌNG/ HOÀI BÃO) >< DESIRE (WANT ~ HAM MUỐN: NHẤT THỜI )

13. The increasingly competitive labor market makes it difficult for people without qualifications to find a good job.

14. In my opinion, busy parents are less likely to take good care of their children.

15. Children will have better/ GREATER learning opportunities if their parents spend more time supervising them.

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1. According to the researchers, playing games not only helps develop a set of soft skills but also makes people feel relaxed after stressful hours at work

2. Playing video games is an effective way for people to relax and unwind after work stressful activities.

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1. Playing games is a great way to unwind after a stressful day.

2. Video games can provide a pleasurable escape that helps players release stress.

3. Gaming often requires teamwork, which improves individuals' communication and collaboration skills.

4. Through video games, players are able to improve their problem-solving abilities and creativity.

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1. Play games -> relax

4 sentences

Unwind - destress

distract from daily stressors

Forget about their worries

entertain --> (n) entertainment

mental well-being/ mental engagement

reducing feelings of depression and isolation

1. Play games --> develop skills

From an educational perspective (E44), playing video games can help develop a set of soft skills such as PROBLEM-SOLVING (E1) or teamwork.

Playing games in moderation can facilitate players' motor skills since they require hand-eye coordination and quick reflexes.

Gaming can also improve a person communication skills since they have to interact with teammates to win against opponents.

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1. Playing video games is an effective way to relax and recharge player's mind.

2. Many people turn to gaming as a form of entertainment that reduces stress.

3. Games can serve as an entertaining activity that provides a break from routine and refreshes one’s mood/ facilitate individuals' mental engagement.

4. Spending some time on video games/ Playing games in moderation allows individuals to unwind and feel more comfortable.

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1. Many people, and children in particular often play online games on smartphones to amuse.

2. Playing games is also a way to unwind after stressful hours at work.

3. Puzzle games encourage imagination and creativity

(REASON) concentration, and logical thinking.

4. Young people tend to play action games as way to unwind and interact with friends, reducing their feelings of isolation.

5. Building or simulation games, such as Minecraft, allow players to express their creativity.

6. Strategy games like chess or online battle games can develop strategic thinking.

7. Long missions in role-playing games require a high level of concentration and focus.

8. Many games teach time management by requiring players to finish tasks within a time limit.

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Các bạn học online đăng lên group còn các bạn học trực tiếp thì viết vào vở và mang đi.

1. WRITING

Làm vào vở và up lên group - Brainstorm sử dụng các cụm từ mới trong cuốn Highlight Simon cho đề: The benefits of reading books.

Làm bài này cần rất kiên nhẫn và dành 2-3 tiếng mới tốt được. Tham khảo thêm các bài bạn khác và tham gia các nhóm tự học để có nhiều idea hay.

Trình bày

Idea 1:

Idea 2:

Idea 3:

-------------

Ví dụ: The benefits of playing video games. Cần trình bày ý theo mũi tên đầy đủ 3 phần từ gốc đến ngọn như sau  (Các cụm từ lấy trong cuốn Highlight thì cần in hoa và ghi rõ số bài liên quan VD E44 = essay 44)

Idea 01: Video games provide vivid images and lively sounds → Video games can be a FORM OF ENTERTAINMENT [E44] ---> This helps contribute to A PRODUCTIVE WORKING LIFE [E30]

Link sách Highlight academic phrases in Simon's essays: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZuMv9K8FtK02M_vKH3g2b80x8VrrGxFr/view

Link sách Highlight academic phrases in examiners’ essays:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/10gSxftDgDrimzvtrUqXIKtRvRAmejAqv/view

2. SPEAKING - quay video và viết gạch đầu dòng (2 cụm từ mới cho mỗi chủ đề)

Do you read more or less now than when you were younger? (Why?)

What do you most often use a computer or a tablet for? (Why/Why not?)

How did you spend your evenings when you were younger? (Why/Why not?)

Do you think there is too much sport on television in your country? (Why/Why not?)

Do you think there is too much sport on television in your country? (Why/Why not?)

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1. WRITING

Topic sentence: There are several benefits of reading books.

Idea 1: Reading books can offer a great FORM OF ENTERTAINMENT [E44] -> It is true that A RICH VARIETY OF BOOK GENRES [E07] can satisfy anyone (For example: Children like fairy tale books, Teenagers enjoy romantic or comic books, Adults refer to read psychological books…) -> Enjoying reading a favorite book helps people to enhance their mental health.

Books can enhance people's mental well-being

Idea 2: Reading books OFFERS AN EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE [E35] -> Each book brings a great deal of valuable and reliable information/ Books are generally written by experts of various fields-> This helps readers expand their knowledge ==> results in the long term (career promotion/ higher salaries (THÊM VÍ DỤ MINH HỌA)

Idea 3: People who read books can PRODUCE WORK OF OUTSTANDING QUALITY [E45] > The act of reading itself also improves concentration and focus ->  All of them ARE VALUABLE LIFE SKILLS [E19], which PROVIDE MORE JOB OPPORTUNITIES, CARRER PROGRESSION, BETTER SALARIES, and therefore IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE [E04] for reader.

(Ý SỐ 3 NÀY NÊN GỘP VỚI Ý SỐ 2 BÊN TRÊN ĐỂ NHẤN MẠNH VỀ HIỆU QUẢ MANG TÍN GIÁO DỤC CỦA VIỆC ĐỌC SÁCH)

VD: Reading books OFFERS AN EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE [E35] -> Each book brings a great deal of information -> This helps readers expand their knowledge.

Furthermore, reading also improves concentration and focus --> higher productivity and efficiency

-------------

2. SPEAKING

Link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1mFuqXViozcChPF5f4Uj9d_7fUCyk3px7?usp=drive_link

Do you read more or less now than when you were younger? (Why?)

- Less -> various forms of entertainment -> would choose easy ways to get excited, such as playing games or surfing the Internet.

- More -> bring a great deal of information -> expand knowledge -> beneficial for my work and real-world life.

What do you most often use a computer or a tablet for? (Why/Why not?)

- Entertainment: surfing the Internet -> unwind, keep up with the news

- Education: enroll in courses -> improve work skills

How did you spend your evenings when you were younger? (Why/Why not?)

- Friends: enjoy parties -> recharge energy after a long day

- Family: dinner -> enhance familial bond, Focus on self-improvement goals (learning and exercise)

Do you think there is too much sport on television in your country? (Why/Why not?)

- Balanced: air on TV during a specific time slot, and across some channels -> do  not like -> switch channels

- Costly -> broadcasting sports on TV helps people who enjoy sports can watch their favorite program at home, without paying a great deal of money

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Idea 1
Reading books helps readers (to) improve their knowledge → reading offers exposure to ALL MEMBERS OF SOCIETY(E02) view wide ideas → this helps form A WELL-EDUCATED WORKFORCE (E02) → which in turn supports A MORE PRODUCTIVE AND PROSPEROUS NATION(E02). (IRRELEVANT)

IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE -> BOOKS WRITTEN BY EXPERTS -> READERS TO ENHANCE THEIR PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE --> HIGHER COMPETENCE --> HIGHER JOB OPPORTUNITIES (FOR EX: DOCTORS)....

Idea 2 (VAGUE)
Reading books encourages learners to engage in challenging content → this develops their ability in PROBLEM SOLVING(E01) → which makes them better equipped for academic and real life challenges and thus contribute more value to their communities.

(FURTHERMORE)
Reading diversely introduces ideas and discussions from many fields → similar to gaining grasp of concepts used in INTERNET-BASED LEARNING(E03) contexts → which helps broaden understanding beyond geography/time → leads to more open-minded and adaptable thinking.

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1. MAIN IDEA

1.1. ASPECT

Education

Health (physical & mental)

Work. Employment

Economy/ Finance

Environment

Society/ Culture

1.2. LEVEL (solution/ impact)

On a personal level

On a societal level/ on a national level

On an international level

BENEFITS OF READING BOOKS

Main idea 1: From an educational perspective, reading books can help people improve their knowledge

Main idea 2: Books (A) also offer a great form of entertainment (B).

2. SUPPORTING IDEAS

2.1. REASON

From an educational perspective, reading books (A) can help people improve their knowledge (B)

(A) factor - characteristics <=> connection - (B) opinion (details)

(A - trait) Books exposes individuals to a wide range of information, ideas and viewpoints

(B - connection) This exposure enhances critical thinking skills and encourages analytical reasoning.

________

Books (A: traits): Books provide an immersive escape from reality through engaging stories and characters

A great form of entertainment (B:opinion) Allow readers to unwind and destress.

2.2. IMPACT

Long-term / broader impact/ result

Example; This exposure enhances critical thinking skills and encourages analytical reasoning.

Impact: As a result, people who read on a daily basis are more likely to achieve better academic and professional outcomes, leading to better quality of life.

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The reason why the government should invest in science subjects

1st. (main idea) (reason) (impact)

2nd.

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HANDOUT FOUNDATION LESSON 10 (Reading)  - MODULE 2

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I. WRITTING

The positive effects of many young people going to shopping malls. (TENDENCY/ PHENOMENOM)

1. Main idea 1: entertainment

1.1. REASON:

1. TRAIT - FACTOR (shopping mallls/ young people) : Buy goods which you like with your friends or family (không dùng you trong writing) (PHẦN NÀY EM CẦN THỂ HIỆN RÕ HƠN ĐẶC TRƯNG CỦA CÁC MẶT HÀNG ĐƯỢC TRƯNG BÀY TRONG MALLS (1) VÀ CÁC DỊCH VỤ ĐƯỢC CÁC SIÊU THỊ CUNG CẤP (2)) ĐỂ NHẤN MẠNH VỀ TÍNH GIẢI TRÍ CAO CỦA MALLS VỚI GIỚI TRẺ VÀ LINK VỚI PHẦN SAU ĐƯỢC

Traits - Shopping malls: malls tend to display trendy items and various entertainment options, SUCH AS CINEMAS, ARCADES, AND LIVE PERFORMANCES -

1. OPINION: -> PROVIDE A FUN WAY FOR YOUNG PEOPLE TO unwind, escape from daily pressure → enhance mental well-being

Main idea 2: Buying quality goods by directly checking their price and quality at the counter. (Ý NÀY PHẦN SHOPPING MALLS CHƯA ĐƯỢC THỂ HIỆN RÕ RÀNG LẮM - ĐẢM BẢO CHẤT LƯỢNG/ GIÁ CẢ THÌ SẼ LÀ MUA HÀNG TRỰC TIẾP - CHƯA NÊU ĐƯỢC GIÁ TRỊ CỦA VIỆC GIỚI TRẺ - ĐI SHOPPING Ở MALLS)

1. FACTOR: To be aware of any faults or issues to avoid buying a damaged item.

2. OPINION: Not wasting money or making regrettable purchases

ON A SOCIETAL LEVEL, YOUNG PEOPLE VISITING SHOPPING MALLS FREQUENTLY CAN ALSO BOOST LOCAL ECONOMIC GROWTH.

SUPPORTING IDEA (TRAIT - OPINION)

IMPACT

II. ACTIVE READING

https://docs.google.com/document/d/10UGvtCfETXMG34vFfNI2QXxqRfWNmg6e3fzntIQYEzc/edit?tab=t.0

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1. WRITING

Main idea: Going to shopping malls HAS BECOME A LEISURE ACTIVITY OR A PLEASANT OUTING [E28]AMONGST young generation. -> Supporting idea: (shopping malls-trait): A place that OFFFERS COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT, VARIETY OF GOODS AND ATTRACTIONS such as cafes and cinemas. (connection) This can adapt most of RECREATIONAL DEMANDS of young people, ALLOWING THEM TO UNWIND AND SOCIALIZE WITH PEERS [E28]

--> ESSENTIAL FOR THEIR MENTAL WELL-BEING AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

-> Impact: THE POPULARITY OF shopping centers AMONGST YOUNG PEOPLE can LEAD TO ECONOMIC GROWTH E04].

(TRAITS OF PRODUCTS IN SHOPPING MALLS) --> SPEND A LARGE AMOUNT OF MONEY...

---> BOOST REVENUES OF MALLS --> CREATE MORE JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR LOCALS + PAY HIGHER TAX FOR THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT ==> CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOCAL ECONOMY AND

(PHẦN IMPACT NÀY CẦN DÍNH CHẶT VỚI MAIN IDEA ĐÃ NÓI BAN ĐẦU "PLEASANT OUTING"--> KHÍA CẠNH GIẢI TRÍ, NÊN KHÔNG THỂ TỪ GIẢI TRÍ LẠI LINK ĐẾN ECONOMIC GROWTH ĐƯỢC"

TÁC THÀNH MAIN IDEA RIÊNG VỀ KHÍA CẠNH KINH TẾ CỦA XU HƯỚNG NÀY

2. ACTIVE READING

File đính kèm

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1. Writing:

The positive effectS of many young people going to shopping malls.

Main idea 1: Shopping malls are an enjoyable environment for people to spend their free time./ SHOPPING MALLS OFFER A GREAT FORM OF ENTERTAINMENT

Supporting idea:

+, Factor: SHOPPING MALLS PROVIDE A VIBRANT SPACE FOR YOUNG PEOPLE TO ENGAGING IN SEVERAL LEISURE activities such as window shopping, going to the cinema, dining, and ENJOYING physical games.

+, Opinion: This diversity makes shopping malls more attractive to customers, HELPING YOUNG people unwind and SOCIALIZE WITH PEERS.

IMPACT: ESSENTIAL FOR MENTAL WELL-BEING AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Main idea 2: Shopping malls can boost the economy by creating jobs and attracting investment.

Supporting idea:

Factor: (MALLS OFTEN DISPLAY TRENDY ITEMS TO ATTRACT YOUNG PEOPLE - WHO ARE WILLING TO SPLURGE THEIR MONEY ON FASHIONABLE AND LUXURIOUS ITEMS)

CONTRIBUTE TO THE INCREASE IN MALLS' REVENUES, ALLOWING THEM TO EXPAND THEIR MAKET

--RESULT: createING opportunities in the labor market. -> Stimulate the economic growth.

2. Reading: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1sLKzmj4gx--m-KYmzd3CHKA-8GYVkwb9YdAZEQGaHjg/edit?usp=sharing

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Bản sao của HANDOUT FOUNDATION LESSON 10 (Reading)  - MODULE 2

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The positive effects of many young people going to shopping malls

Main idea 1:
From a personal perspective, going to shopping malls can bring recreational value for young generations
Supporting idea 1
Reason:

Going to shopping malls is not only buying things, but also, they can go to cinemas, eat their fav foods, play some games and workout.

Impact:

As a result,Young ages who go to shopping mall for some activies that are not only for buying things are more likely to achieve more healthy life and recreational values

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Deadline: (15:00 - T2 tuần sau)

1 - WRITING

Brainstorm sử dụng các cụm từ mới trong cuốn Highlight Simon

Áp dụng cho bài

The negative effects of many young people going to shopping malls.

ON a personal level

On a societal level

2- READING

Áp dụng phần Active reading - highlight keywords/ figures và rút ra được phần "visualize relationship"

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1 - WRITING

The negative effects of many young people going to shopping malls.

Main idea 1: On a personal level, going to shopping centers can lead to FINANCIAL BURDEN COMPULSIVE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR [E38]

-> Supporting idea: Reason (Trait): Nowadays, THE ADVERTISING AND THE AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT CARD [E18] influence to most of hasty decision of young people (Connect) It CAN TEMP THEM TO BUY THINGS THEY DO NOT REALLY NEED [E18] --> COMPULIVE SHOPPING BEHAVIOR -> Impact: face DEBTS PROBLEMS LATER IN LIFE. [E01] ==> SUFFER FROM MENTAL ISSUES + LOWER QUALITY OF LIFE

Main idea 2: On a societal level, young people going to malls regularly can lead to ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION [E01]. ->Supporting idea: Reason (Trait): Retailers usually do various things FOR THEIR OWN FINANCIAL GAIN [E25], such as using non-recyclable materials instead of eco-friendly ones. (Connect) Using them too much can lead to difficulty in TACKLING THE WASTE PROBLEMS [E51]-> Impact: If shopping centers cannot MANAGE waste properly, this can lead to impacts on the climate.

PHẦN NÀY ĐANG BỊ THIẾU YẾU TỐ LÀ GIỚI TRẺ. CẦN PHÂN TÍCH TỪ CẢ 2 BÊN LÀ NGƯỜI BÁN CŨNG NHƯ LÀ NGƯỜI MUA HÀNG LÀ GIỚI TRẺ (NẾU ĐƯỢC THÌ LIÊN KẾT VỚI Ý BÊN TRÊN VỀ COMPULSIVE SHOPPING BEHAVIOR)

OVERCONSUMERISM

YOUNG PEOPLE BUY UNNECESSARY ITEMS --> HIGHER LEVEL OF CARBON FOOTPRINTS . *EXAMPLE: TRENDY FASHION-ITEMS. --> WASTE GENERATION

RETAILERS: SHOPPING BAGS, PACKAGING, FOOOD CONTAINERS ==> HARM LOCAL ECOSYSTEM

2- READING (đính kèm)

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HANDOUT FOUNDATION LESSON 06 (READING)-My

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I. WRITTING

The negative effects of many young people going to shopping malls

Main idea 1: On a PERSONAL level, GOING TO shopping malls ON REGULAR BASIS might waste YOUNG PEOPLE money/ CAUSE YOUNG PEOPLE TO FACE FINANCIAL BURDEN/ STRAIN/ ISSUE.

A (Trait): Young people are "likely to lack the patience to carefully consider options before purchase" [E38]. ==> They SPEND LARGE SUMS OF MONEY [E29] without thinking about it.

B (Connect): They WASTE EXCESSIVE AMOUNT OF MONY ON BUYING THINGS THEY DO NOT NEED [E29]

(Impact): It may CAUSE THEM INTO DEBT [E28] ==> MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS + LOWER QUALITY OF LIFE

Main idea 2: On a societal level, this trend could HAVE A DEVASTATING EFFECT ON THE PLANET [E11] and the economy as a whole

A (Trait): With the increasing number of people going to malls, we ARE PRODUCING EVER GREATER QUANTITIES OF WASTE, WHICH CONTAMINATES THE EARTH AND POLLUTES RIVERS AND OCEANS [E11].

B (Connect): the more products they buy, the more litter they throw.

- the construction of large shopping malls oftwn disrupts natural landscapes and cause noise and air pollution

II. READING

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1f0mwP9xDVvO5OYC__X5tdaU4OzUzoClWjbvYkdxSx04/edit?tab=t.0

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Bản sao của HANDOUT FOUNDATION LESSON 06 (READING)

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- TRUE - Thông tin trong bài được paraphrase --> Đối chiếu câu hỏi - thông tin trong bài (100% paraphrase - synonyms...)

VD: There is some doubt (VARY) about what caused the Mary Rose to sink (Accounts of what happened) → TRUE

- FALSE - Thông tin trong câu hỏi phủ định thông tin trong bài

--> Lấy câu hỏi phủ định (them NOT) - giống với thông tin trong bài hay không

- NOT GIVEN - Thông tin được đề cập một cách không rõ ràng, đề cập 1 nửa

--> câu hỏi vừa có thể TRUE - vừa có thể FALSE

The Mary Rose was the only ship to sink in the battle of 19 July 1545

B1: Xác định keywords trong câu hỏi

B2: Đọc bài và tìm kiếm thông tin tương ứng (thông tin thường chỉ nằm trong 1-2 câu)

B3: Đối chiếu thông tin trong câu hỏi - thông tin tìm thấy trong bài đọc. ĐÁP ÁN

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The negative effects of an aging population

2 Main ideas + Supporting ideas

1 Specific example

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I. READING

9. True

10. True

11. NG

12. True

13. False

II. WRITTING

The nagative effects of an aging population?

Main idea 1: The increase in the number of elderly can cause a burden on national economy

the proportion of younger, working adult SHRINKS --> THIS DEMOGRAPHIC SHIFT LEADS TO will be smaller

--> economic burden

A (trait): lack of labor in KEY SECTORS SUCH AS technology, manufacturing--> HINDER ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT in the long term(connect):

ADDITIONALLY, governments will recieve less money in taxes WHILE HAVING TO ALLOCATE MORE NATIONAL BUDGET TO SOCIAL WELFARE (PENSION, INSURANCE) - SUPPORT THE ELDERLY

==> QUALITY OF LIFE FOR OTHER CITIZENS

C (Example): Countries such as Japan. Germany ....(CONSEQUENCE)... has relied on foreign workers to address labor shortages caused by its aging population (SOLUTION ???? NEGATIVE IMPACTS ???? ).

Main idea 2: pressure on social welfare systems

A (trait): THE INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF ELDERLY --> REQUIRE FURTHER SUPPORT FROM AUTHORITIES

==> Government must spend more on healthcare and social welfare while tax revenues decline (due to the decrease in the number of working population)

==> IMPACT: lack of financial resources to invest in public infrastructure and services

---> affect residents quality of life + hinder sustainable development

B (connect):

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1. READING

9. NOT GIVEN

10. TRUE

11 NOT GIVEN

12 TRUE

13 FALSE

2. WRITING

The negative effects of an aging population

Main idea 1: AN AGING POPULATION WILL lead to A GREATER TAX BURDEN FOR WORKING ADULTS [E30] -> Supporting idea: (Trait) It means the number of PEOPLE on RETIREMENT AGE who will be ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE A PENSION increases. (Connection) The proportion of working adults SHRINKS will be smaller, which will lead to the government receiving less money in taxes/ A REDUCTION IN NATIONAL REVENUES THROUGH TAX SYSTEM. -> Impact: government HAVE To increase taxes that apply to younger people TO COMPENSATE FOR NATIONAL BUDGET deficit/

GOVERNMENTS MUST RELY MORE HEAVILY ON YOUNGER TAX PAYERS TO FILL THE GAP LEFT BY FALLING TAX REVENUES.

-->< PLACING ADDITIONAL FINANCIAL PRESSURE ON YOUNG PEOPLE - CAUSING THEM DIFFICULTIES IN ACHIEVING SATISFACTORY QUALITY OF LIFE.

Main idea 2: THE POPULATIONS OF COUNTRIES GROW OLDER [E30] will put high pressure on the demand for health care systems. -> Supporting idea (Trait): Older people usually face various health problems, such as dementia, back and neck pain. (Connect) This issue makes them RELY ON THE MEDICAL PROFESSION TO KEEP THEM HEALTHY [E46]-> Impact: OVERWHELMED HEALTHCARE SYSTEM - LONGER WAITING TIME/ SHORTAGE IN MEDICAL STAFF ==> AFFECT THE OVERALL QUALITY OF HEATHCARE SERVICES

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1. Reading:

9. T

10. T

11. F

12. NG

13. T

2. Witting:

The negative effects of an aging population

Main idea 1: An aging population is leading to the REDUCTION IN the labor force.

Supporting ideas:

A: According to the government, individuals aged over 60 are entitled to retirement.

B:  As a result, the number of working-age people is shrinking, which reduces productivity and slows economic growth. This problem poses a challenge for the government to devise strategies TO ADRESS THE ECONOMIC BURDEN CAUSED BY A SHRINKING PROPORTION OF YOUNGER, WORKING ADULTS.

C: Based on researchers’ reports, Japan, DESPITE BEIGN a developed country, still has a significant proportion of the workforce that consists of foreign workers. (DRAWBACKS) (IMMIGRATION)

Main idea 2: An aging population may increase the burden on healthcare systems

Supporting ideas:

A: Older people are more vulnerable to chronic infirmities such as heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis, which require long-term medical attention.

B: This leads the government to allocate a larger share of the national budget to healthcare, which can limit spending on other crucial sectors like education and infrastructure.  (GOOD)

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B1: Xác định word limit

ONE WORD ONLY --> 1 từ duy nhất, lấy 100% từ ở bài đọc - không thêm thắt, thay đổi chi tiết gì (COPY _ PASTE)

B2: Xác định keywords trong câu hỏi

Building a "magical kingdom" may help develop .....

Keywords "MAGICAL KINGDOM" và DEVELOP ==> SCAN thông tin tương ứng trong bài đọc

LƯU Ý: thường các keywords sẽ được paraphrase trong bài

B3: Dự đoán từ cần điền

Dự đoán loại từ cần điền

VD: Building a "magical kingdom" may help develop 1.... ==> câu (1) điền NOUN (đi sau động từ DEVELOP)

B4: Tìm đoạn thông tin chứa keywords

B5: Đối chiếu lại thông tin trong bài và thông tin trong câu hỏ. ĐẢM BẢO

SYNONYMS của KEYWORDS được sử dụng trong bài

(2) Board games invole ..... and turn taking

Board games = board game

Turn taking = take turns with a parter

==> ĐÁP ÁN LÀ "RULES"

Đối chiếu lại đáp án = thông tin trong bài --> đảm bảo 2 câu giống nhau hoàn toàn về mặt ý nghĩa và ngữ pháp