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Was e were são as flexões do verbo to be no passado.

A flexão was é usada com os pronomes I (eu), he (ele), she (ela), it (utilizado para fazer referência a pessoas, animais, lugares e/ou objetos).

Já a flexão were é usada com os pronomes you (você), we (nós), e they (eles/elas).

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Diferentemente do que acontece com grande parte dos verbos, para formarmos o passado do verbo to be, não aplicamos a regra do acrescento de -ed.

Isso acontece pois o verbo to be é um verbo irregular, ou seja, sua flexão é completamente diferente de sua forma original no infinitivo.

Assim como acontece com o verbo to be no presente, o significado destas formas verbais está relacionado com os verbos “ser” e “estar”. O que indicará o sentido de cada utilização será o contexto da frase.

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Eliana is my dentist. (Eliana é minha dentista.)

Eliana was my dentist. (Eliana era minha dentista.)

The girls are at the museum. (As meninas estão no museu.)

The girls were at the museum. (As meninas estavam no museu)

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Assim como na língua portuguesa, a estrutura da frase afirmativa em inglês segue a ordem sujeito + verbo:

They are at school. > They were at school. (Eles estavam na escola)

I am late. > I was late.

He is my teacher. > He was my teacher.

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I WAS
you WERE
he, she it WAS
we WERE
they WERE

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Para formar a negativa, basta acrescentarmos not após o verbo:

They are not at school. > They were not at school.

I am not late. > I was not late.

He is not my teacher.  > He was not my teacher.

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I WAS NOT - I WASN'T
you WERE NOT - you WEREN'T
he, she, it WAS NOT - he, she, it WASN'T
we WERE NOT - we WEREN'T
they WERE not - we WEREN'T

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Para a construção da forma interrogativa, a flexão verbal was/were deve ser posicionada antes do sujeito:

Is she at school? > Was she at school?

Am I late? > Was I late?

Is he your teacher? > Was he your teacher?

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WAS I...?
WERE you...?
WAS he...?
WAS she...?
WAS it...?
WERE we...?
WERE they...?