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The Fair Work Commission is a government body. It is Australia’s workplace relations tribunal and registered organisations regulator. They make awards, approve enterprise agreements and help resolve issues at work.

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There are three (legal) ways in which an employee may be dismissed:

1. Summary dismissal is based on a serious breach of the employment contract, such as fraud, intoxication, or assault of an employer.

2. Dismissal ‘by notice’ is based on failure to perform the job adequately.

3. Redundancy or retrenchment is dismissal due to the employer no longer needing the employee for economic or operational reasons

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Awards (modern awards) are legal documents that outline the minimum pay rates and conditions of employment. There are more than 100 industry or occupation awards that cover most people who work in Australia.

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Work-related sexual harassment includes:

Unwelcome touching or physical contact

Suggestive comments or jokes

Sexually offensive picture or sexually explicit emails, text messages or online interactions such as social media posts

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Bullying in the workplace includes intimidation, humiliation, verbal abuse, slamming doors, pushing, touching or fondling, and threatened or actual violence against an employee.

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Arbitration is a formal process where both parties present their evidence, and then the Fair Work Commission makes a decision that is legally binding.

Both the employer and employee must accept the decision, or formally challenge to decision through an appeals process.

The main disadvantage of arbitration is that both parties may feel they have lost some control over the process and the final outcome, when compared to a mediated or conciliated outcome.

An arbitrated decision — a solution is imposed on you.

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Conciliation is a semi-formal process where a third party, in this case the Fair Work Commission helps settle a dispute by trying to get both parties to reach a mutually acceptable solution.

A teacher conciliates when she or he assists two students to settle a dispute by offering advice and suggestions.

If no solution is reached and the dispute continues, the teacher now has to resort to ARBITRATION.

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Mediation is an informal process where a third party (the Commission) helps those involved in a dispute to reach a solution acceptable to both sides.

Mediators do not act for either of the parties, nor do they advise or decide who is right or wrong.

Their main role is to encourage the parties to examine all the issues. Discussions are confidential and held in a non-threatening environment. The main advantage of mediation is that

both parties will feel that they have achieved something by themselves

it provides a win–win solution where no-one is seen to ‘lose’

If mediation fails to resolve the dispute, the next alternative is to have the case heard in a court, by the Fair Work Commission, which has the power to conciliate and arbitrate.

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Negotiation is a method of resolving disputes
where the parties involved discuss the issues in an attempt to reach a compromise.

Effective negotiators are not motivated by trying to beat the other person. Rather, they want to reach an agreement that satisﬁes all those involved.

Consequently, some ‘give and take’ may be required in an attempt to reach a compromise solution.

Successfully negotiating a resolution to a dispute usually results in all the parties feeling good about the decision and committed to the end result.

If negotiation fails to resolve the dispute, the next alternative is MEDIATION.

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A grievance is a formal complaint or concern raised by an employee towards an employer, reported to a manager or union representative.

Grievances usually occur when an employee thinks they have been treated unfairly.

Grievances can be about a range of issues e.g. contract breaches, pay inconsistencies or workplace bullying.

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A grievance procedure is a policy put in place by an employer to deal with workplace disputes.

It sets out a number of predetermined steps that
are followed to resolve a dispute.

See example here https://au.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/grievance-procedure

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Each side involved in a dispute is antagonistic, sharply opposed to the other, or locked into a deeply divided rivalry.

Can also mean simply to be 'hostile'.

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Workplace policies are written statements that help to establish a clear understanding of the behaviour and performance standards expected of employers and employees.