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I am fascinated by the connections between propaganda and indoctrination - how these are similar and different. In particular, I want to explore how propaganda, long-term, becomes indoctrination, and I am curious about whether people are able to question/resist propaganda, and whether they are able to question/resist indoctrination.

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Type the Topic you decided on in your written Topic Brainstorming

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Create a green sticky note. Choose at least 3 of the questions below to answer on that note.
1. Which pieces of evidence are very similar?
2. Which ones are outliers (seem different)?
3. What do your pieces of evidence show about how leaders control people?
4. What does your evidence show about the impacts or consequences of control on people?
5. What connections does your evidence show between control methods?
6. What does your evidence show about how damaging/effective certain methods of control are?

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Please gather 5 pieces of evidence: 2 from English, 2 from History, and 1 of your choice.

Create a sticky note for each piece of evidence. Color code by making the ENGLISH evidence red and the HISTORY evidence yellow.

You can copy and paste direct quotes or summaries from the class Padlet or from the electronic versions of the texts (linked on the Essay Resource Page)

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indoctrination - somehow changes the personality of kids so that all normal frustrations, etc get channeled into the goals of the Party

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indoctrination - somehow changes the personality of kids so that all normal frustrations, etc get channeled into the goals of the Party

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1984, page 24

Context: Winston had a quick stop at the Parson's residence, when their children randomly started calling him a thought criminal and were mad they couldn't go to a public hanging.

Quote: "What was worst of all was that by means of such organizations as the Spies they were systematically turned into ungovernable little savages, and yet this produced in them no tendency whatever to rebel against the discipline of the Party... All their ferocity was turned outwards, against the enemies of the State, against foreigners, traitors, saboteurs, thought-criminals."

Could also connect to surveillance, propaganda, scapegoating, and terror

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Step 4: Turn your topic into a thesis statement OR a question. 

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Step 4: Turn your topic into a thesis statement OR a question. 

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Create a purple sticky note with your working thesis/question.
Option 1: turn topic into a thesis statement

Connection statement (___ tactic  connects to ___ tactic because ____)

Cause and effect statement (_____ leads to ___ impact because _______)

The most  ___ (Important, damaging, effective) tactic is _____ because __________

Or other

Option 2: turn topic in a question..

How does ______ connect to _______?

How does ____ impact ____?

What is the most (damaging , important, effective )___ and why?

How are __ and __ connected?

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Indoctrination - Newspeak leads to unconsciousness/no thought - that is pure Orthodoxy (belief in the Party)

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Indoctrination - Newspeak leads to unconsciousness/no thought - that is pure Orthodoxy (belief in the Party)

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Source: 1984 Ch5 pg 53

Context: Syme is describing how language will drastically change for future generations of people in 1984.

Quote: "The whole climate of thought will be different. In fact there will be no thought, as we understand it now. Orthodoxy means not thinking - not needing to think. Orthodoxy is unconsciousness."

Other Control Tactics: Propaganda, Leader as God-Like Figure, Censorship.

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Move other evidence off to the side.
You want to keep the evidence that: best supports your thesis/question and is "juicy" (quotes that can be interpreted in multiple different ways).

Double check: paraphrase quotes to make sure they connect to your thesis statement/question. Look up all words you do not know. Ask any questions you may have about your evidence.

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Propaganda - Jun-Sang didn't know if he could even trust the information he got from SK news; he was so used to getting twisted information from NK

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Propaganda - Jun-Sang didn't know if he could even trust the information he got from SK news; he was so used to getting twisted information from NK

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CECA

[General Context] North Korea is a current dictatorship that has been ruled by three generations of highly oppressive leaders since the 1950s. In North Korea, all media is censored; television sets are modified so that citizens can only watch state-sponsored content, which gives them a very limited and biased perspective on their own country.

[Specific Context] Jun-Sang is a North Korean university student. Here, he is illegally listening to a South Korean news broadcast by poking a button through a label placed by the state regulators, a huge risk if he is caught. He hears South Korea talk about a United Nations conference giving statistics about the number of people starving or in gulags in North Korea - and they are so much worse than he would have guessed.

[Quote Lead-in / Evidence / Citation] As Jun-Sang listens, he reflects, "Listening to South Korean television was like looking in the mirror for the first time in your life and realizing you were unattractive. North Koreans were always told theirs was the proudest country in the world, but the rest of the world considered it a pathetic, bankrupt regime. Jun-sang knew people were starving. He knew that people were dragged off to labor camps; but he had never before heard these figures. Surely South korean new reports were exaggerated, just like North Korean  propaganda?" (Demick 194)

[SAY] In other words, Jun-Sang had a hard time reconciling the North Korea he had heard about his whole life with these shocking statistics about the suffering in his country.

[MEAN] The line "Surely South Korean news reports were exaggerated, just like North Korean propaganda" underscores the way Jun-Sang struggles to make sense of this new information. Demick states that Jun-Sang was aware that conditions were hard for some in North Korea, but this moment, where he confronts the statistics, feels unbelievable to him. It is fact bumping up against a lifetime of propaganda, and Demick compares this to "looking in a mirror for the first time" to help us understand the sense of disorientation, wonder, and shock Jun-Sang felt, seeing that his country was not as strong as he thought and also, perhaps that he had been lied to for so long.

[MATTER] This moment shows the connection between propaganda and indoctrination. For someone like Jun-Sang, who has grown up constantly hearing that North Korea is great, and never hearing the staggering statistics about the suffering in the country, each small message stacks up into a whole belief system about the way the country works. This example shows how getting alternate information - here, from South Korean news - can shake up that feeling of indoctrination, but that the change is not immediate. This quote shows how deeply rooted beliefs linger and cause citizens to doubt new information, even as they try to take steps to open their own minds.

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Indoctrination - George is smart but even he appears to have bought into the idea that competition was the "dark ages" and bad

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Indoctrination - George is smart but even he appears to have bought into the idea that competition was the "dark ages" and bad

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Source: harrison bergeron chunk 1

context: they are discussing cheating the laws and are talking about why it would be bad.

Quote: ¨if i tried to get away with it,¨ said George, then other people´d get away with it-and pretty soon we´d be right back to the dark ages again, with everybody competing against everybody else, you wouldn't like that would you?¨

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Propaganda - Putin is video conferencing directly with students to try to improve Russia's image

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Propaganda - Putin is video conferencing directly with students to try to improve Russia's image

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Quote: "An hour of weekly state-mandated "patriotic" education called "talks about important things" is another war-time novelty- to open the school year Putin held a session via video Friday, telling students that Russia was just as "invincible" now as it was during World War II."

Context: Putin wants to win the students over by telling them fake facts and they will believe it.

Could also relate to Indoctrination

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1. My first pieces of evidence are similar because they all deal with textbooks and speeches in which the government tries to portray itself in a good light.

My middle section is similar because those pieces of evidence show people sort of believing the messages from the propaganda, but sort of not believing them.

My third section is similar because it shows people who are no longer questioning - the ways that thought is changed over time as a result of years of propaganda.

5. The stuff in the middle shows that without active support for other points of view, it's hard to maintain a critical viewpoint.

6. My last quote, from Syme, talks about the connection between orthodoxy - that is, full belief in the Party's messages - and unconsciousness. The warning is that constant propaganda leads to indoctrination, which is the same as the erasure of human creative thought.

This is making me think about how uncomfortable it is for me when I disagree with people politically or morally, but maybe how healthy that discomfort is?

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Propaganda leads to indoctrination - that is, an unquestioning belief in the government - through time, repetition, and choking out other messages.

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1. My two propaganda examples are similar because they both deal with the government pushing positive messaging out to people through media messaging.

My three indoctrination examples are similar because they all show what people look like after having been exposed to propaganda for a long time - they stop doubting, accept the basic premises of the government, and even perpetuate the messages through their own actions.

2. One example that feels different is my quote for Jun-Sang - he's kind of in this in-between place. On one hand, he's getting information from outside of NK that makes him doubt his own country's narrative. But on the other hand, he seems doubtful about how much he should trust the SK narrative - is this just propaganda too? He seems to be scarred, almost, from being exposed to so much false information and feels like he doesn't know how to recognize the truth when he sees it.

5. What connections does your evidence show between control methods?
My evidence shows the types of propaganda people in dictatorships are exposed to - media messages and school lessons that say the country is wonderful, strong, fair, properous. Jun-Sang's example shows how even getting counter-evidence can not necessarily be enough to counter-balance this biased information - he is actively seeking the truth, but isn't sure he can trust it. And then my last group shows that eventually propaganda leads to the outcome of indoctrination - indoctrination feels less like a control tactic than just a descriptor of someone who has lost the ability to think independently.

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Propaganda leads to indoctrination - that is, an unquestioning belief in the government - through time, repetition, and choking out other messages.