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Mcculloch v. Maryland was a case regarding the federal governments power to create a federal bank and that the states could not tax the government. This case took place in Maryland in 1819. The court ruled that the government could create that bank and that the state of Maryland could not tax the federal government. The amendment that this affected was the 10th amendment because the 10th amendment assigns all powers not given to the federal government or prohibited to the states, to the states.

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This case dealt with the 14th amendment in 1832.  Worcester was a man who was attempting to trade in Georgia with Cherokee tribes inside of the state of Georgia but on Cherokee land. They ruled that since Cherokee tribes are separate from the American rules, this case did not violate the 14th amendment therefore stating that the state of Georgia does not have the authority to regulate trade with a Native American tribe. This case regarded the 14th amendment because the 14th amendment says that no state can pass a law that gets rid of the privileges of the United States citizens.

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Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge 1837

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Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge 1837

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Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge regarding the Charles River Bridge company. It claimed that the company excluded the state of Massachusetts from chartering another nearby bridge. The court ruled that the company did not exclude this ability and ruled in favor of the Charles River Bridge company. This court case challenged article 1, section 10 of the Constitution because this section says that without consent of congress, no state will lay duty of tonnage.

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Dred Scott V. Sanford was a case in 1857 violating the 5 amendment. This court case had to deal with slavery and the missouri compromise leaving missouri as a slave state so the states with and without slaves would be even. Scott believed that negros decending from slaves should be treated as people no matter what state they live in. Scott was originally a free man in a state where slavery was illegal but when he moved to missouri, he was declared as property which made him very unhappy and confused. His owner, Sanford, believed that negros were property not people. They ruled for sanford saying that the missouri compromise was in violation of the fifth amendment and that slaves are property not people.

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Munn v. Illinois was a case regarding if states could regulate the capacity of private industries.  The Chicago firm of Munn had went against the regulations the state had set and argued that because they were a private company they were allowed to do so.  Although, the court ruled in favor of Illinois.  Illinois argued that the firm of Munn was a private industry that affected the public interest.  This court case challenged the 14th amendment because it was a matter of regulating private property in a necessary situation.

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Plessy V. Ferguson was a case dealing with the 13th and 14th amendment in 1896. Plessy was a colored man who was 7/8ths caucasian and was asked to go into a whites only car. The question of this case was do the separate car acts violate the 14th amendment and when brought up to the court, they decided that as long as the segregated cars were equal, it was not in violation of the 14th amendment.

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In this court case Lochner was fined by the stated of New York for working his employees more than 60 hours a week which is more than the states law says is allowed (no more than 50 hours a week).  Lochner said that this state's regulation went against the 14th amendment for freedom of contract.  Court ruled in Lochner’s favor saying that because working in a bakery did not dramatically harm the employee and baking is not dangerous, therefore the new York law was not rational for working at a bakery like Lochner’s.

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This case was in 1919 and was dealing with the first amendment and 13th amendment. Schenck believed that the new military draft violated Americans 13th amendment right saying that it is involuntary servitude. This angered the government and they arrested him for charges of conspiracy. He argued that the charged went against his first amendment right and in a unanimous decision, the court declared that it was not in violation for their 1st amendment right and the things that were said were not supported by the 1st amendment.

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Jacob Abrams was convicted for distributing socialist pamphlets. This court case was in violation of the first amendment because people have freedom of press and they can say what they want to say. The court ruled in favor of the United States.

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Buck V Bell was a case argued in 1927 in question of the 14th amendment. A woman, Buck, had a mental issue that had run in  her family for generations. The mental institution was proposing sexual sterilization to render her from being able to reproduce, carrying on the mental issue for many generations. They believed that this was in violation of the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment as well as the right to due process and a clear, equal trial. The court said that only after months of observation of Buck would they be able to decide if this procedure was necessary and the court liked that idea.

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In this court case, the amendment being violated is the 10th amendment which states that the Government only has those powers given in the Constitution. If it isn't listed, it belongs to the states or to the people. This connects to the case because Filburn produced a lot of wheat that was just for his purpose and no one else in the state and Wickard challenged that. In the end, Filburn won.

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Brown’s daughter was not accepted into an all white school so Brown filed a court case. Brown claimed that schools should not be racially segregated. This court case is affected by the 14th amendment because it was a law that took away privileges of American citizens. The court ruled in favor of Brown.

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Aaron claimed that the Brown vs. Board of Education should not be imposed because it was a state decision. He thought that the state ruling should not be imposed on federal law. This court case is affected by the 14th amendment because states had to go through due process to pass a law. The court ruled in favor of Aaron.

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In this case, the 4th and 14th amendment is being violated. These are being violated because Mapp was searched by Ohio without Ohio having a warrant. In this case, there was a 5-3 vote by the supreme court, they ruled in favor of Mapp. Evidence cannot be used in court if evidence is found illegally.

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This court case is in violation of the 1st amendment, specifically freedom of religion. The school made kids do prayers everyday which was not giving everyone freedom to practice or not practice their religion. In the end, ruled against schools because it broke the first amendment. Schools cannot initiate prayer because it is unconstitutional.

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Gideon was not appointed a lawyer when he went to court. He claimed that this was breaking his 6th amendment right of having a lawyer appointed to him in court. The court ruled in favor of Gideon.

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This court case talked about the first amendment and the freedom of speech and press. The 1st ammanemnt says that every American citizen has a right to freedom of press. The New York Times posted an ad for donations to defend Martin Luther King Jr. and Sullivan sued the New York Times ad because of his reputation. The News paper won because they had the right to publish whatever they wanted.

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The amendment being implied here is the 5th and 6th because according to these amendment, everyone is guaranteed the right to a lawyer. This court case was monumental because it gave everyone Miranda rights which is that you have the right to a lawyer if you cannot afford one. Miranda won this case.

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Tinker v. Des Moines was a court case about what students could wear to school. Kids wore arm bands to school as a silent protest for their friends that had to go off to war but the school claimed it was distracting. This corresponds with the first amendment because people had the right to express themselves and dress how they want. The court ruled in favor of Tinker.

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Roe v. Wade was a court case about whether abortion is constitutional and should be legal. The amendment that this affects is the 14th amendment because it guarantees the right to personal privacy. The court ruled in favor of Roe.

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In this case, the court ruled against Nixon and for the U.S. This court case deals with the 5th amendment. This court case deals with this amendment because this amendment goes along with Magna Carta saying that the president is not above the law.

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This case is dealing with the 14th amendment because of due process. Lopez brought a gun to school and once this was discovered, he was arrested. Although, he was entitled to a due process, which was not given to him. There was a 5 - 4 decision and the Court found that students facing suspension should at a minimum be given notice and afforded some kind of hearing.

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Regents of The University of California v. Bakke 1978

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Regents of The University of California v. Bakke 1978

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This case is in violation of the 14th amendment. This violated the 14th amendment because race was used as a base for an admission decision that violated the Equal Protection Clause. In the end, the judges ruled for Bakke.

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A school searched a girl for drugs without a warrant. The student claimed that this was breaking her 4th amendment right. The 4th amendment says you cant search people without a warrant. The court ruled in favor of the school because they claimed that they had a good reason to search her.

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A student claimed that their first amendment right was being taken away when the school took out something that they had written in a paper because they thought it was inappropriate. The court case ended up ruling in favor of the school. They said that school should have the ability to edit what students say in certain papers.

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Someone burned the american flag as a sign of protest and that person was put in jail and fined for 2,000 dollars. He claimed that this was against his first amendment right because you have the freedom to protest. The court riled in favor of Johnson.

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SANTA FE INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT V DOE (2000)

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SANTA FE INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT V DOE (2000)

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This court case was about a kid praying before a game at school. Doe claimed that they were breaking his 1st amendment right to a freedom of religion. The court ruled in favor of Santa Fe.

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The Zelman Vs Simmons-Harris case was about whether or not Ohio's school voucher program violated the establishment clause. This court case was about the first amendment because schools should not advance any certain religion. The court ended up ruling in favor of Simmons-Harris.

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This court case was in violation of the 14th amendment. In this case, there was a black student with very high scholarly skills and she got denied into the university because she is black. The court ruled in favor of

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In this court case, the 8th amendment was in violation. The 8th amendment stops all cruel and unusual punishment. In this case they were trying to give a minor the death penalty. The court ruled in favor of not giving minors the death penalty.