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Abe has been through a traumatic car accident which resulted in the loss of one of his legs. He has been showing signs of depression, a-socialism, and signs of head trauma since the accident. All off these issues have been causing issues in his family and work like, and he is currently seeking professional help said problems. His wife, boss, and therapist are supporting him through each step of the process.

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Abe's wife says that he has been very aggressive towards her. This relates both aggression and social influence because this aggression is rooting from the violent television shows and movies that he has been part taking in. (Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe does not show any behaviors of being social. According to Abe’s reports from his wife he is unfriendly, quiet, and seems to stay socially distant from others.
(Coon et al., 2019)

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The change of behavior in his co-workers makes him feel treated differently. He is changing his behavior because of that, leading him to be more distant. He feels like he is being compared to others, putting him in a stereotyped group for having a disability. (Coon et al., 2019)

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According to the “U.S National Library of Medicine,2021“, Abe’s sudden moments of aggression could be linked to his concussion.

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Abe shows signs of being an Introvert as a personality trait. According to Abe’s wife, Abe never had any close friends, always anxious and quiet. This may be due to the accident.
(Coon et al., 2019)

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Gale.com (2018) discussed how individuals suffering from mental as well as physical conditions often face stigma. Abe is suffering from depression and chronic pain. His therapist suggests he takes online classes to develop his sense of self-worth and feelings of contributing to the greater good.

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According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, humans need basic needs consisting of physiological needs, safety and security, love and belonging, and self esteem. Self-esteem is regarded as a positive evaluation of oneself, and Abe is having a hard time finding the positives in his life right now. (Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe is going through an event that can be considered a Midlife Crisis. This event creates room for self improvement.
(Coon et al., 2019)

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Generativity refers to the emotional balance in middle adulthood that is expressed by caring about oneself, one's children and future generations. Abe might struggle with achieving generativity because of his feeling of stagnation. (Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe Smith was is in stage 7 of Erik Erickson’s developmental stage of Middle Adulthood. This stage explains  Generativity vs. stagnation (Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe has failed to express concern towards the society around him and does not show very many creative traits. Abe is entering stagnation, which is when a person's life loses meaning and they feel bitter or trapped. Ramos (2018) found that many people with lower limb amputations use humor as coping and it works. Abe is trying to use bitterness as a coping mechanism, and it is not working. (Coon et al., 2019) (Ramos et al.,2018)

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When Abe hears the song that was playing when the accident occurred he becomes irritable and nervous. Abe is now conditioned to become nervous when hearing this song, or songs that sound the same. Neutral Stimulus= The song, Conditioned Response- High Heart rate, Irritable
(Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe’s manager Bob Jones, is starting to set attendance goals for Abe. As a reward he would be earning lunch for his work group. This is an example of Positive Reinforcement.
(Coon et al., 2019)

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The brain is responsible for strong emotions. Since the accident, Abe has started to watch violent shows causing him to react violently toward his wife. However, he seems to feel horrible about it and is trying to change. Being aggressive, enraged, or unable to empathize with others' pain increases when one watches violent shows. The consumption of violent media might cause anxiety. (Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe Smith is a 47-year-old man who suffered a traumatic loss of his leg. His leg was lost in a car accident that he caused due to texting and driving. He is also color blind, and he has struggled with chronic pain since the accident. His wife, therapist, and boss are all very worried about his mental and physical health. They all say he is struggling with motivation, irritability, and feelings of fatigue.

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Abe’s heart rate rises when he hears music similar to the music he was listening too during his wreck which is an indicator that he is becoming stressed. The music acts as a stimulus that reminds him of the accident and causes flashbacks.
(Coon et al., 2019)

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Coon, D., Mitterer, J.O., & Martini, T.S. (2019). Introduction to psychology: Gateways to mind and
behavior (15th ed.). Cengage

Gale.com (2018). Researchers from Palo Alto University Discuss Findings in Chronic Pain (Depression increases subjective stigma of chronic pain). Mental Health Weekly Digest, 478. https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=OVIC&u=mill30389&id=GALE%7CA529742199&v=2.1&it=r&sid=ebsco&asid=506ede6

Pereira, M.G., Ramos, C., Lobarinhas, A., Machado, J. C., Pedras, S. (2018). Satisfaction with life in individuals with lower limb amputation. The importance of active coping and acceptance. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 59(4), 414-421. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12444

U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2021, November 13). Concussion: Medlineplus medical encyclopedia. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000799.htm

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The adrenal gland, more specifically the hormones evolved, are linked to behavior. These hormones react to trauma or stress. The hormones released by this glad are also the same as the hormones released during puberty. Abe’s heart rate increases when hearing a song similar or the song that was playing during the accident due to the adrenal gland and the hormones it releases. This caused his behavior to change. (Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe was in a really bad car accident that caused him to lose his leg due to him texting and driving.Abe ended up hitting someone who appeared further than he thought. This can be an example of intentional blindness which caused an eye accommodation issue. (Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe is 47 years old which puts him around the middle-aged category, and this means that his IQ is beginning to slowly decline. This decline in IQ could very well correlate with his lack of motivation and production in the workplace. IQ can also be affected by factors such as depression and anxiety, which Abe is definitely struggling with. (Coon et al., 2019)

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Abe’s shows characteristics of having a concussion. The characteristics are memory loss, fatigue, and he is very easily upset. Abe is always looking for a quiet place to be because loud noise makes his head pain intolerable. (U.S National Library of Medicine, 2021)

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It appears, from Abe's case, that he has little to no creative thinking. He doesn't think outside of the box and prefers to stay in his comfort zone. His boss, wife, and therapist have all tried to help him step out of his comfort zone, but Abe refuses. Pereira, Ramos, Lobarinhas, and Machado found that a lack of creative thinking when coping with an amputation causes little mental and physical healing. (Ramos et al., 2018)