# data[].attributes.headline
Language is broken into phonology, semantics, syntax, morphology, and pragmatics. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Language is broken into phonology, semantics, syntax, morphology, and pragmatics. 

# data[].attributes.headline
Stage 2 - Confirmation and fluency stage  

# data[].attributes.subject
Stage 2 - Confirmation and fluency stage  

# data[].attributes.headline
Stage 4 - Reading from multiple viewpoints

# data[].attributes.subject
Stage 4 - Reading from multiple viewpoints

# data[].attributes.headline
Stage 5 - Construction and reconstruction

# data[].attributes.subject
Stage 5 - Construction and reconstruction

# data[].attributes.body
Develop expressive language which describes how children communicate their wants and needs.

# data[].attributes.headline
teachers should integrate the following strategies to promote second language acquisition & literacy skills for ELs

# data[].attributes.subject
teachers should integrate the following strategies to promote second language acquisition & literacy skills for ELs

# data[].attributes.body
-established classroom routines

-L1 language support

-opportunities for repetition & rehersal

-differentiation in language used by teacher

-time for Els to practice L2

-appropriate student pairing

-extra time

-activate/use ELs background knowledge

-model oral language

-practice new learning

-use familiar texts

# data[].attributes.body
Preproduction Stage. Children are exposed to language and can comprehend approx. 500 words

# data[].attributes.body
Toddlers demonstrate the ability to comprehend 3-word phrases or sentences. They can listen to a simple story being read to them. They can also identify common and familiar objects such as comb , toothbrush, nose, eyes. Their expressive language expands by approx 50 words during this stage.

# data[].attributes.body
Early production stage: Students can comprehend 1,000 receptive words and use oral language in 1-2 word phrases. Can answer who or what questions in addition to yes or no

# data[].attributes.body
Speech Emergence Stage. Children can comprehend about 3,000 words. They speak in 3/4 word sentences with grammatical errors.

# data[].attributes.body
As children develop a second language the first stages are known as the Silent or preproduction stage.

# data[].attributes.body
Advanced Language Proficiency. Children can fully participate in an academic setting

# data[].attributes.body
Intermediate Language Proficiency Stage: Can comprehend approx 6,00 words. Sentence production includes some complex sentences. There will be few grammatical errors

# data[].attributes.body
Children can comprehend approx. 1,200 words and can use 800 different words.They can speak in short sentences.

# data[].attributes.body
Semantics-content or meaning of language

Pragmatics- related to language use

These components are the building blocks for delivering effective language instruction

Students' ability to process and produce sounds is necessary for mastering a foundational skill of reading.

# data[].attributes.body
During the intermediate language proficiency stage individuals can comprehend approximately 6,000 words.

# data[].attributes.body
Birth-12: Infants can listen to and begin to respond to the sounds from within the environment.

-turning toward sounds

-becoming startled by noises

-make noises by 3 months

by 6 months begin to babble, they produce some vowel and consonant sounds (b,p and m)

-during first year can respond to their name by turning their heads.

-12 months can follow one-step verbal commands

# data[].attributes.body
At this point these children of this age group are expected to comprehend about 500 words. They are also expected to focus on stories that last around 5-10 minutes. They also are expected to be able to comprehend and follow directions that have two commands meaning they must understand which step comes first in the command. These should also be able to look at pictures and use verb words in order to identify what is happening based on what they see. We also see these skills can help children develop into answering real life questions to see if they can comprehend basic concepts.

# data[].attributes.body
At about 2.5 to 3 years the child would comprehend approximately 900 words and can use about 500 words. They would begin to use pronouns such as I and you in a sentence such as "I want ball" or " I play ball." Sounds such as -k, g, n, f, t, and d are accomplished as well.

# data[].attributes.body
In stage 3 they can speak simple sentences of three to four words and can ask simple questions.