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**Đề bài:**

Many people do not have a healthy lifestyle.

- What can individuals and society do to encourage healthier living?

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On the government level, policies should be adopted to

promote healthier lifestyles

The government should also encourage citizens to participate in health-awareness campaigns, adopt balanced

diets and engage in regular exercise.. (good) nhưng đừng chấm chấm chấm => big no-no

However, such initiatives would not suffice without active

participation from companies and communities. (do đằng trước nói về cá nhân rồi, đoạn này em nói công ty đi chẳng hạn (chỗ làm việc cung cấp cơ sở vật chất cho nhân viên tập thể dục hoặc meals oke 1 chút thay vì fastfood...)

If people are willing charge their bad hakits, then their heatth

will improve.

....

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**📝 1. Đề bài: Many people think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve. So only governments and large companies can make a difference.What can individuals do to help solve environmental problems?

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**📝 1. Đề bài: Many people think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve. So only governments and large companies can make a difference.What can individuals do to help solve environmental problems?

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Mitigating/ Addressing the (aforementioned) issues require a multifaceted approach that combines governmental interventions and grassroots participation.

On the governmental level, stricter regulations/ policies should be implemented/ adopted/ enforced/ enacted on carbon emissions and industrial waste (while still encouraging/ supporting renewable energy such as/ including solar and wind power.

The government should ALSO encourage citizens to form/ adopt eco-friendly habits including utilizing public transport system and saving electricity.

However/Nevertheless, such initiatives would not suffice without active participation from large companies/ businesses.

If - Nếu các anh chịu thay đổi …. thì môi trường sẽ tốt hơn.

waste management

If these companies can use more sustainable manufacturing methods and MORE efficient waste management solutions, the surrounding nature are more likely to be well-preserved in the long run.

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Encouraging widespread adoption of healthier lifestyles demands coordination that integrates governmental interventions and individual behaviour change.

On the governmental level, authorities have a capacity to influence public behaviours through a combination of policy, regulations and infrastructure investment

the government should also launch nationwide educational campaigns to raise public awareness about the importance of healthy and sustainable LIFESTYLES and the consequences of sedentary lifestyles.

However, such initiatives would not suffice without personal lifestyle adjustment/ active participation and adjustment from individuals.

If individuals are willing to take responsibility for their own well-being, they are more likely to adopt/embrace and sustain/maintain healthier lifestyle choices => if họ có lifestyle tốt hơn => khoẻ hơn.

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On the governmental level, local authorities should introduce clear public health policies, such as subsidising fresh fruits and vegetables, funding local sports centres, and enforcing transparent food labelling, in order to make healthy choices easier and more affordable for people of all ages. everyone.

Moreover, businesses ought to support employees' wellbeing by providing on-site fitness classes, offering balanced meal options in cafeterias, and encouraging short activity breaks during the workday.

sedentary lifestyle: lối sống ít vận động

Finally, ordinary citizens can take personal responsibility by planning nutritious meals, setting aside at least thirty minutes for exercise each day, and forming peer support groups to stay motivated and share healthy-living tips.

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Đề bài:

Traffic congestion is becoming a major problem in many cities around the world.

What are the causes of this problem?

What can individuals and governments do to reduce traffic congestion?

Chính phủ ==== người dân

K cần companies nhé

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On the governmental level, stricter regulations should be implemented to control the number of private vehicles and expanding and improving public transportation systems, including buses, subways, and cycling infrastructure, to make them more reliable and affordable. (ngữ pháp) WHILE simultaneously (đồng thời)

2 ý

The government should also encourage citizens to shift to TOWARDS (thay vì to) eco-friendly transport commuting habits, for instance (k cần thiết) by promoting carpooling programs and offering incentives for using bicycles or public transport use/ USAGE (dùng danh từ luôn)

However, such initiatives would not suffice without active participation from individuals.

If more citizens choose to walk, cycle, or use public transport, the overall traffic flow will become smoother and urban air quality will improve OVER TIME (theo thời gian)

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To effectively alleviate traffic congestion, both governmental interventions and individual citizens must take coordinated action.

On the governmental level, authorities should prioritize investment in public transportation infrastructure such as metro system, so what? - Ving HOPEFULLY exerting positive impacts on overall traffic flow.

While education is important, governments should also introduce regulations and penalties to reinforce responsible behaviour and enhance public awareness while commuting.

However, such initiatives would not suffice without personal lifestyle adjustment/...?

public transport + walk more ...

If individual citizens develop a strong sense of personal responsibility and meaningful societal change becomes far more achievable

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On/At the governmental level, policies (fines/ hình phạt) should be implemented on busy areas to make travelling by private vehicles less appealing while simultaneously investING IN public transport system, such as expanding bus and metro networks and introducing bus lane.

However, such initiatives would not suffice without active participation from individuals.

If citizens switch to cycling or walking for short journeys and planning trips outside the peak hours, it will help cities reduce congestion and improve overall urban mobility/ commuting.

Tolls

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📝 6. Công nghệ & cô lập xã hội

Đề bài:

Some people say that modern technology is making people more socially isolated.

Why do you think this is happening?

What can be done to address this issue?

📝 7. Di dân về thành phố

Đề bài:

In many countries, more people are choosing to live in big cities, leaving rural areas depopulated.

Why is this happening?

What measures can be taken to solve this problem?

📝 8. Thất nghiệp sau đại học

Đề bài:

In some countries, many university graduates are unemployed.

Why is this the case?

What can be done about it?

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6

On the government level, local authorities should run/ launch/organize public campaigns to warn people about emphasize/ highlight the danger of excessive usage of digital devices including phones and computers(chọn duy nhất 1 ý cho chính phủ) + while simultaneously introducing more parks and other public spaces facilitating real life/ in-person interaction.

However, such initiatives (sáng kiến) actions WOULD NOT SUFFICE not enough without the active participation from help from businesses. Companies should it is recommended that/ it would be better if businesses/ companies organize group activities more frequently both at workplace and other informal settings, hopefully promotING/ strengthening/ fostering in-person interaction among employees.

FACT to đằng trước, so what? (sử dụng MĐQH rút gọn) thì rất oke

too much - too many => informal

Danh từ hóa? gọi tên hiện tượng, bớt bớt dùng V lại. Có N rồi thì đặt câu hỏi: có tính từ nào ở đây được k?

PROMOTE in-person interaction

Individuals should also ACTIVELY/ CONSCIOUSLY spend less time on social media platforms and more time on meaningful face-to-face conversations (by JOINING/ engaging in local societies and classes).

7

On the government level, leaders should build more roads, schools, and hospitals in the countryside. They can also give support to farmers and people who want to open businesses there. =>

More: informal => additional

more roads, schools, and hospitals => list of 3 là oke nhá mọi người nhưng đi vào là kể ngay thì chưa phải là chiến lược hay? A => B => C: to to xuống cụ thể (TAM GIÁC NGƯỢC

Ví dụ: nâng thuế đồ ăn nhanh thì ảnh hưởng tới hầu hết mọi người, especially ng thu nhập thấp.

Chính phủ nên đầu tư vào CƠ SỞ VẬT CHẤT pivotal/vital/ essential infrastructure such as roads, schools, and hospitals and leisure amenities including cinemas, shopping centers and parks in the countryside, hopefully makes the rural areas more appealing among citizens/ residents.

However, these efforts WOULD NOT SUFFICE are not enough if businesses do not take part. Companies should It would be better if businesses open shops or factories in rural areas and give jobs offer promising/ desirable job/career opportunities/ prospects to localS, potentially further developing these rural parts.

Fact, so what? (Ving) - MĐQH

Finally, young people should be encouraged to return to their hometowns. They can start small businesses, work online, or help develop their local community.

8

On the government level, education programs should match the real job market. More training and job services can help students find work after graduation.

=> On the government level, the authorities should encourage schools/ educational institutions to tailor curriculum in line with the constantly changing job market demands.

However, this problem cannot be solved without help from big companies. Businesses should give/ OFFER students chances to do internships or part-time jobs to get experience.

it is imperative that ....

It is advisable for .... to do something

It is recommended that ...

Finally, students need to think carefully about what to study. They should learn new skills, join training courses, and try to get work experience before finishing university.

=> at an individual level, if university students actively acquire job-related skills and greater insight of their future jobs during their study time, they are likely to secure promising positions in the future.

Danh từ hóa? at an individual level, better skills and expertise can be translated into better job prospects.

Addressing graduate unemployment necessitates a partnership between education systems and the labour market.

On the governmental level, education policies should focus more on skill-based training and vocational programmes, while still preserving academic education.

However, such initiatives would not suffice without active participation from educational institutions and students themselves.

Universities should revise/tailor their curricula in line with projected labor market demands, while students should proactively build real-world skills, hopefully increasing their job readiness upon graduation.

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6.

On the governmental level, stricter regulations should be introduced to control excessive screen time among young people.

The government should also launch awareness campaigns to educate citizens about the negative impacts of overusing technology on mental health and meaningful relationships.

Nevertheless, such initiatives would not suffice without active participation from individuals.

If individuals consciously/ actively limit their screen time and prioritize face-to-face communication, then they will be able to maintain strong relationships and avoid feelings of loneliness. (swap the orders)

8.On the governmental level, educational reforms should be implemented to align university curricula with ever-changing industry needs.

The government should also collaborate with companies to forecast labor market trends and provide guidance to students about in-demand careers.

However, such initiatives would not suffice without active participation from individuals.

If students focus on developing both soft skills and technical expertise during their studies, then their employability will be ensured.

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On the government level, local authorities should run public campaigns to warn people about spending too much time on phones and computers. They can also support parks and community spaces where people can meet in real life.

However, such actions are not enough without help from businesses. Companies should organise group activities at work and encourage workers to talk and share in person, not only online.

Finally, individuals should spend less time on social media and try to meet friends and family face to face. They can also join local clubs or classes to make new friends in their community.

On the government level, leaders should build more roads, schools, and hospitals in the countryside. They can also give support to farmers and people who want to open businesses there.

However, these efforts are not enough if businesses do not take part. Companies should open shops or factories in rural areas and give jobs to local people.

Finally, young people should be encouraged to return to their hometowns. They can start small businesses, work online, or help develop their local community.

On the government level, education programs should match the real job market. More training and job services can help students find work after graduation.

However, this problem cannot be solved without help from big companies. Businesses should give students chances to do internships or part-time jobs to get experience.

Finally, students need to think carefully about what to study. They should learn new skills, join training courses, and try to get work experience before finishing university.

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Undoubtedly, the growing rate of obesity is linked to unhealthy lifestyles and poor dietary choices.

At an individual level, many people consume fast food or sugary drinks regularly because they are cheap, convenient, and tasty. In addition, long working hours or busy school schedules make it difficult for individuals to exercise or cook healthy meals. For example, students or office workers often choose instant noodles or fried snacks instead of proper home-cooked food, leading to weight gain over time.

On a broader scale, the influence of modern society and advertising plays a big role in encouraging unhealthy eating habits. Junk food companies often target young people through social media or TV commercials, making fast food seem fun or fashionable. This can lead to increased consumption of high-calorie products, especially in urban areas.

For instance, in many developing countries, people now eat more Western-style fast food, while traditional diets are being forgotten. Combined with a more sedentary lifestyle, this shift has contributed to the rising rates of obesity, especially among children and teenagers.