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Physically

during the infancy stage babies will depend on their carer to help them meet their physical,social and emotional needs. these are important as these set out the foundation of their growth and development, and as the care giver it is crucial that you help promote this by doing things such as-

-feeding- humans need to eat in order to grow as well as to survive and for babies they are unable to feed themselves and will need to be either breast fed or given formula up until around 1 years old. during feeding it is important to start teaching them how to hold their own bottle and around 6 months when you introduce them to solid foods as a care giver you should teach them how to start holding a spoon by themselves and learn to self feed to meet their physical needs of learning how to use small hand movements such as gripping- known as fine motor skills .

dressing- babies will not be able to dress themselves yet but will understand where pieces of clothing goes especially towards the end of infancy such as their coat or shoes as this is a skill that they will need to learn during early childhood and as the care giver of an infant making sure you dress them in clothes that are warm can help to regulate their temperature especially on cold days so that they are not too cold. As well as changing them when their clothes are wet can help prevent colds or other illnesses protecting their physical health.

nappy changing-babies will not know how to use the toilet as they are too small and once again is a skill they will need to learn so using a nappy is the only option however because of this they will need help with nappy changing whenever they use the nappy. As the care giver this is important as keeping a baby in a wet nappy for too long can cause nappy rashes to the baby causing them to feel uncomfortable and even in pain and because of the bacteria left in the nappy can cause irritation and even bladder infections.

medication- during the infancy stage they will begin teething due to their teeth starting to come through their gums and this can be stressful as well as painful for the baby and it is important that you help to make it as comfortable as possible. babies will need help when they are also unwell and are unable to take medication by themselves so the care giver will need to in order to help them become better as soon as possible to protect their health.

bathing and grooming- babies hair will grow quickly as it is part of their growth and when their hair becomes a certain length it might be uncomfortable for them as they might not be able to see from it constantly being in their face so it is important to cut their hair when needed as well as to clean their nails as babies will constantly put their fingers in their mouth and if their nails have dirt under they will then become ill very quickly from the bacteria that was once under their nails now being in their mouth. they will also need help with washing their hair and body to prevent diseases from not washing. they will not need to be washed a lot during this stage but will still need to at least 2-3 times per week to help with their skin and cleanliness. babies will start to understand that they will need their teethe brush ed however will need to be bushed for them as they still do not understand what to do.

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babies will need to learn new skills in order to develop and intellectually play is important for them as this can teach them new concepts such as movements and even start to understand colors. babies will need help intellectually through-

speaking- babies will start to understand and respond to their name as you have made it clear through speaking to them that that is their name by looking at them every time you say their name and over time they will start to learn some words. - starting to improve their language.

play- supporting babies with soft toys to play with can help to start with their imagination and creativity skills

exploring- allowing your baby to see new places can help them with their curiosity as their vision begins to improve and focus more.

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comfort- infants will need to be comforted whenever in distress to help them calm down, this can be due to any pain such as from teething or from constipation which can cause tummy aches for them. comforting them by things such as physical touch can help them feel more safe.

separation anxiety- meeting new people or being separated from their care giver especially for too long can cause them to feel upset as they have a close attachment that has formed from the amount of time being spent with them and it is important to introduce them too new people so that they do not feel unsafe around others as the care giver will not be able to be with them all the time. this can also them emotionally in the future as well when meeting new people.

emotions- it is normal for babies at first to not understand the different emotions that hey might feel such as anger or being upset and it is important to show them that it is okay to feel that type of emotion. comforting them when they feel upset or angry can help to calm them down and through sitting down and talking to them this can help show that there are ways to overcome that type of emotion.

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spending 1 to 1 time with them through reading can help improve the relationship between both parties and can also help to improve the infants speak which can be useful when they socialize with others.

baby or toddler groups- this is a great way to allow your infant to start socializing with others as they will learn new things from the others in the group and will start to understand how to interact with others. new relationships and friendships will form as they will see the same group multiple times getting to know them. the helps to improve their behavior as they will start to copy others being socially influenced by them and will learn to speak when others might already know how to. spending some time a art from parents to hang out with others in the same age group can be beneficial for them to improve on their confidence when it comes to talking our being around new people.

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during this age range children will be a lot more independent on certain things than they were not as infants but still need a lot of help especially for them physically such as-

meals/diet - it is important to promote a healthy diet for your children as they will now be learning the importance of why they need to eat healthy meals and they will be influenced by the people around them of what to eat so showing them that fruit and vegetables are good and sweets and chocolate should be a treat and not consume everyday can be beneficial for their choices. children will depend on their care givers to prepare them their meals so including good portions and a healthy and balanced diet can help to ensure your child's health is healthy in the short and long term by providing them with a nutritious diet they need in order to grow.

being more independent- in early childhood around 3- 4 years old children will start to get dressed by themselves however might still need help with doing the laces up on their shoes,zipping up their coat and even bathing. Children will start to learn to bath by themselves at 6-8 years old or later or earlier however before this it is important to teach them how to do things such as how to wash their own hair or body so that they feel more confident and ready to do so on their own.

medication/treatment- once again like infancy children will need help when it comes to receiving medication for feeling ill as leaving children to measure their own medication can cause them to have too much leading to health complications such as allergic reactions if they do not know that they can have that type and overdose.

exercise/play- children should be encouraged to go outside more and take part in more vigorous activities at east 3 day a week and playing games that include things such as running to help promote muscle strength and growth. Parents and other adults such as teachers at school are seen as role models and it is important to emphasize the importance of excising to children instead on sitting down on technology all day to ensure that they are as healthy as possible.

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children need things such as an emotionally safe relationship with people in order to help them explore their emotions. this can help to provide emotional stability to them.

safety and security-children need to feel safe and secure in their own home in order for them to develop emotionally as secure attachments helps to improve the child's overall well being and helps to provide a foundation for healthy relationships in the future. This can help them to develop resilience as well as a higher self esteem.

love- having a secure and affectionate relationship with care givers helps to form closer attachments due to feeling safe and trusting. everyone needs love in order to feel happy and not alone however this is not always shown so it is important to show your love to your child by hugging them or kissing them in order for them to feel a close bond to you. - giving them emotional security

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positive relationships- having a positive relationship with your child can be a healthy example for your child on how relationships with others should be allowing your child to develop social awareness of others and how to behave.

encouraging to play with others- encouraging your child to go play with new people or with friends or family can help to improve their social development as to play with other children it is important to do things such as listening to them, paying attention to them as well and to share play experiences. This helps children to learn self-discipline, understand how to talk to each person- learn and understand the needs and feelings of others and to show cooperation-these are all the social skills that a child can develop just by playing games or joining in on activities in large groups.

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reading to- reading books to your children during the day or before bed especially for younger children can help to improve their language skills and vocabulary teaching them new words.asking questions about the book you just read to your child can help with their thinking and memory skills as they will have to remember what was just read to them. this can also help promote their imagination and creativity to flow as they will wonder what will happen next and asking your child questions such as "what do you think will happen next?" can help with this. If there are facts in the book this can help to improve your child's knowledge as well.

writing- at the age of 3 years old most children will be able to write their own name however will need encouragement from parents to practice writing letters and words in order to expand writing skills. Children need a bit of motivation in order to show any interest in anything especially writing as they might want to give up if they find it difficult however it is important to know to write so encouraging them to write and not to give up can be better for them in the short and long term as this can help them develop a love for writing. In school children will learn how to write letters individually then to to form words, they will then learn how to join words together to help improve their writing skills.

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physically- during these stages teenagers and adults will be more independent however some of their physical needs will be-

adequate sleeping-teenagers go through puberty and at this stage their body will need a lot of sleep to help them with growing. Sleeping can help release growth hormones and teenagers need to be encouraged more to sleep about eight to ten hours a night to help promote healthy growth for them lack of sleep has been seen to to actually lead to weight gain.

sleeping is just as important for adults as sleep helps to improve your brain performance and mood.

nutritional diet- once again teenagers and adults can easily be influenced to eat unhealthy foods or skip out on their meals because of things that others have said such as friends or online or just because they might be too busy. However promoting healthy eating and drinking can help these stages of health by staying hydrated and eating the right portions and recommendations can help them to control their weight. at these stages as said before they are more independent when it comes to making their own decisions about their health so it is important to encourage them to be sticking to the healthy eating guidelines.

-for some adults and teenagers who suffer from a disability making them incapable or struggle to be achieving and doing everything that everyone else can by themselves some of their physical needs will be help with mobility- wheelchairs and walking frames, help with changing and feeding if unable too or help to wash themselves.

their health- looking after our health is important however sometimes especially for adults over a certain age fore example 80 years old are more vulnerable to more health conditions such as dementia, heart disease or influenza, so it is important to prevent these from happening as these are some causes of deaths for people at this age and by having vaccines when you are are younger can help to protect you against having influenza and to be as active as possible with a healthy diet to prevent you from a heart disease. -places such as care homes help to encourage exercise as much as possible whilst also making it enjoyable

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for teenagers and adults decision making and problem solving will be done more independently now however may still struggle and might still need help.

school- teenagers who are still in school will still be learning new skills and knowledge which can help them intellectually when it comes to problem solving in the future for example things that they learn in math can help them in at work in the future to solve problems work related. academic based learning can also teach them a lot of more practical skills as well as to help improve their logical thinking and creativity skills. school can help improve your remembering and memory skills as well as to help improve overall intelligence.

cognitive health- people who are older within the adulthood stage tend to lose the ability to remember everything and can be due to conditions such as dementia so it is important to promote good cognitive health as even though this may not stop dementia it can still help to reduce the risk of dementia. (Gov.uk,N.D)

Promoting cognitive health in older adults,Available from: https://ukhsa.blog.gov.uk/2016/12/07/promoting-cognitive-health-in-older-adults/

last accessed(23.3.24)

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emotional support- at school or at work it can be quite stressful and having emotional support from others can help adults and teens with their emotions. things such as receiving hugs from friends can reassure them that everything will be okay and that they are not alone with what they are going through. Having this type of emotional support for teenagers and adults can help to boost their mood having a greater affect on their mental health developing resilience and boosting self esteem/worth. they will also need emotional support when it comes to these two events-

puberty- this can be a very emotional period of time for teenagers to go through and will need support from others as their body will experience new hormones at higher levels which they will then experience mood swings from and talking about your emotions can help you better understand them. teenagers will need to be reassured about how normal it is to help with their self image and confidence as they will know that they are not alone and that most people will through it. -will need emotional support from others.

menopause- hormone levels will drop due to this where serotonin levels will also drop therefore increasing how easily they can be irritated and angry. more emotional symptoms from this is- anxiety or depression from lower mood, lower self esteem and confidence, aggressiveness and stress. some people go through this quicker then others however is a massive change that no one is prepared to go through- encouraging going on a trip or doing activities they enjoy with them and others can help boost their mood again so it is crucial to remember that by doing things you enjoy this can help to boost peoples emotions when going through this. people that go through menopause also have lapses in memory as well as concentration during menopause meaning that they might confuse things with others or forget easily so their care needs for this is too help to remind them so that they do not become stressed about having to remember and support them in any way they need.

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at these stages teens and adults will become more sociable towards others without the need of help from parents however may still need encouragement to talk to new people.

relationships-everybody needs relationships whether its with a partner or with friends and family, better social connections can help to improve social skills and attitudes towards others from role models or influences that they have been around . this is a need for both these stages as without proper relationships they become isolated from people and negatively impacting them in the short and long term when it comes to working with others at school or at work. Better relationships can improve leadership skills which can be useful when at work to help direct themselves and others in the right direction and improve communication skills which can be useful to share information and to work sufficiently as a team.

social acceptance- everyone deserves to be comfortable when it comes to being who they are without having to change their behaviors to match others in order to gain popularity and recognition. teenagers and even adults have a desire when it comes to social acceptance and includes positive interactions with others, and inclusion when it comes to things such as in a culture or even something such as school or work. however some people have a fear of being socially rejected as they may feel as though they do not fit in with others and this can negatively impact their relationships with others as they may feel the need to constantly please them by acting a way that isn't the way they would normally be. this can also lead them in the future to hang around with people who may be seen as bad influences from doing things such as drugs or committing crimes socially influencing them in a not so positive way.