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O Gerês, no concelho de Terras de Bouro, sempre simbolizou a harmonia entre o Homem e a Natureza, numa partilha permanente de actividades e sentimentos, das gentes aliadas à Natureza das inóspitas montanhas de granito moldadas pelo tempo. As águas correm cristalinas pelos ribeiros e o ar puro envolve a grande diversidade da fauna e da flora proporcionando um movimento contínuo de calma e prazer.

Tem como altitude de 1 546 metros.

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Many people think of sunny beaches and bustling cities like Lisbon when they consider a trip to Portugal, but just over an hour north of Porto lies a place that seems a world apart but still distinctly Portuguese. Peneda-Gerês National Park, or simply Gerês, is Portugal's first and only national park.

The area covers more than 270 square miles up to the northern border and was established in 1971 to ensure the ancient customs of the region were kept intact. The earliest signs of habitation are from 6000 B.C. as evidenced by the Neolithic tombs that dot the landscape. Roman roads, bridges, and milestone markers show visitors the once-prominent Roman influence and from the 12th century onwards. The formerly inhospitable mountainous regions were plowed and cultivated, resulting in a beautiful patchwork effect of fields and pastures.

In Gerês you'll find remote, granite hamlets where shepherds tend their cattle, goats, and ponies. The forested areas are made up of English and Pyrenean oaks and birch, while the remaining land is covered in gorse and heather. If you're lucky you could glimpse wild boar and even wolves in the mountainous holly, birch, juniper, and pine forests; there's even a breed of flower found nowhere else on Earth: the Serra do Gerês iris.

Things to Do

Gerês can be easily explored by car as many roads connect the remote villages and beautiful viewpoints in the park. However, the best thing to do is to park and get out on a trail, where you'll find beautiful waterfalls and river beaches worth taking a dip in. Keep your eye out for roe deer, the official symbol of Gerês. They come in large numbers to find food and shelter in the more inhabited villages.

If you're lucky, you could come across a rare sighting of an Iberian wolf, which, after near extinction due to overhunting, is slowly making a comeback. Other animals include the Spanish Ibex-small with curved horns-and several bird species including the European Honey Buzzard, often seen circling its prey in the mountains.

The native Barrosã cattle, distinctive with their long horns often growing over 39 inches (a meter) in length, are tended by the shepherds of the region and can be seen roaming the fields and roads. The dark chestnut Garrano horse is another wild creature you may see wandering the pastures.

Best Hikes & Trails

Gerês has several waterfalls and riverside beaches that can be hiked to and there are many short and long trails between villages that can satisfy all levels with many hidden gems to delight in along the way.

Miradouro Velho da Pedra Bela: There's a 2-mile path from the panoramic viewing point of Pedra Bela, overlooking the Caniçada Reservoir, and this takes you to Arado waterfalls-a popular picnic and swim spot.

Trilho da Preguiça Route: This route starts about 2 miles north of Caldes do Gerês and makes its way up through woodland to a viewpoint, then descends into a valley with streams and smaller waterfalls.

Poço Azul: This moderate 5.5-mile (9-kilometer) loop passes a crystal clear pond with a small waterfall.

Miradouro da Pedra e Cascada de Rajada: This easy 1.8-mile (2.9-kilometer) trail is, dog-friendly, great for a light hike, and features another small waterfall.

There are about 22 remote villages within the park, which are worth visiting. Some aren't much more than a group of houses, but others offer accommodation, shopping, and restaurants in addition to nearby natural and historic attractions. Some villages are connected by marked footpaths like the one between Soajo and Lindoso called Caminhos do Pão e do Fé, which is part of the pilgrimage route to the Senhora da Peneda Sanctuary.

Braga: Founded in the Iron Age, Braga is Portugal's most important religious center as well as one of the country's oldest and most fought-over settlements. Sights include the prominent cathedral located opposite the Archbishop's Palace, and several other religious buildings like the Mosteiro de São Martinho de Tibães-an old Benedictine monastery that offers guided tours. Braga is also the park's headquarters so you'll be able to find maps, hiking guides, and other general information.

Rio Caldo: This small village sits on a Caniçada Reservoir and is a central area if you're interested in boating or other water sports.

Lindoso: Another reservoir town, Lindoso is surrounded by mountains and very close to the Spanish border. Lindoso's most prominent attraction is the 19th-century granite grain storage silos (espigueiros). There are more than 50, spread out on the slopes of the castle wall, and they lend a spooky feel to the landscape with a stone cross atop each one.

Soajo: This town is a much smaller and more traditional village and also has a cluster of espigueiros. It's the center for rural tourism with goat herders and black-clad widows sitting in the village square.

Where to Camp

Many Portuguese people live within the national park, so there's not a lot of roughing it going in Gerês, but there are a few campgrounds where you can pitch your tent. Campgrounds here are privately run and more like resorts, offering amenities and comfort. Many also offer cabins or hostel-style accommodation if you don't have a tent.

Ermida Gerês Camping: Located in the very small village of Ermida, this rural campground is family-run and offers amenities like barbecue grills and bathrooms.

Parque Cerdeira: In addition to bungalows, this camping resort offers campsites with access to shared and private bathrooms. There is also an on-site restaurant and a pool.

Parque de Campismo do Vidoeiro: In the village of Vidoeiro, this camping resort offers bungalows and tent and trailer sites. It also offers bathrooms with hot showers, a barbecue area, and a snack bar.

Where to Stay Nearby

With so many villages scattered throughout the park, there are many hotels and smaller pousadas, or inns, that can accommodate all budgets and styles. You can base your whole trip out of Gerês or choose to move around and explore smaller villages.

Casa do Adro: This Soajo hotel is located in an 18th-century house, where the family still makes their own wine.

Caldas do Gerês: Nestled in a wooded valley, this is the park's main spa resort.At the end of the main street, therapeutic waters flow from a rock and it's not unusual to find people queuing to drink it.

Moderna do Gerês: Select rooms in this Gerês village hotel overlook the forests of the national park, but you can also enjoy panoramic views from the restaurant. Excursions like horseback riding, canoeing, and mountain biking can be arranged from the hotel.

Selina Gerês: This hotel in Gerês is part hostel and part co-working space, but also offers private rooms, a swimming pool, yoga, and social events.

Accessibility

Much of the park can be seen from the road and there are many hotels in the park with wheelchair-accessible accommodation as well as campsites with accessible bathrooms like the ones at Ermida de Gerês. Thanks to adventure tour operator Tobogã, wheelchair users can get on the trails using one of the company's modified mountain bikes.

How to Get There

Peneda-Gerês National Park is located about 66 miles (107 kilometers) northeast of Porto and 22 miles (36 kilometers) northeast of Braga. The best way to visit is by car-public buses are few and far between inside the park, and there's no direct bus route from Porto, the nearest city.

From Porto, you can take a car north via the E1 highway north until you can connect and go west on the IC28 and N203 to reach the Ambos-os-Rios entrance of the park. From Braga, you can travel east along the N103, eventually connecting to drive north on the N304 to the southern entrance of the park near Caldas do Gerês.

Travel Tips

The park's proximity to Porto makes it possible to visit on a day trip but to grasp its sheer size and beauty, stay for a weekend or longer.

Summer is the busiest season in the park since many locals come here during the holidays and school break.

If you're looking to bring home a unique souvenir, Hipericão and Carqueja herbs, which grow inside the park, are used for making tea and are available for purchase at most shops and restaurants.

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The Complete Guide to Portugal's Peneda-Gerês National Park

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Many people think of sunny beaches and bustling cities like Lisbon when they consider a trip to Portugal, but just over an hour north of Porto lies a place that seems a world apart but still distinctly Portuguese. Peneda-Gerês National Park, or simply Gerês, is Portugal's first and only national park.

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Com uma altitude máxima de: 1993 metros na Torre

A serra da Estrela é a mais alta montanha de Portugal Continental, apresentando-se como o culminar da cordilheira Central em território português, separando o norte e o sul do país.

A serra destaca-se facilmente das terras baixas que a rodeiam pelo vigor do seu relevo. Este maciço apresenta-se como um planalto extenso cortado por vales profundos, onde o último período glaciário deixou fortes marcas.

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A Serra de Montemuro situa-se nos concelhos de Arouca, Cinfães, Resende e Castro Daire e Lamego (distrito de Viseu) e entre as regiões do Douro Litoral e da Beira Alta. A altitude média é de 838 metros. Está compreendida entre o rio Douro, a Norte e o rio Paiva, a sul, confina com a cidade de Lamego.

O ponto mais alto da serra é denominado por Talegre ou Talefe, a 1.381 metros de altitude. Toda a serra tem bastante relevo e é íngreme praticamente de todos os lados.

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A serra de Montesinho é uma serra em Portugal Continental e Espanha (onde é designada Sierra de La Parada), com um máximo altimétrico de 1486 metros em Portugal e 1735 metros em Espanha. A parte portuguesa situa-se no Alto Trás-os-Montes, nos concelhos de Bragança e Vinhais. Aí tem lugar o Parque Natural de Montesinho.

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O relevo é muito acidentado, cortado por vales e ravinas e é constituído essencialmente por xistos. É de realçar ainda o ponto mais alto do Algarve (902 metros), que se situa em Foia, na serra de Monchique

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A Serra do Açor é uma serra no centro de Portugal, junto à Serra da Estrela. Abrange áreas de seis concelhos, na totalidade: Arganil, Pampilhosa da Serra, parcialmente: Covilhã, Seia, Oliveira do Hospital e Góis, onde se localizam freguesias históricas como o Piódão, Vide, Avô, Fajão, e São Gião, e é nesta última freguesia que começa a Serra do Açor.

Tem como altitude 1418 metros.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Serra do Açor Protected Landscape is a protected landscape in the Centro Region, Portugal. It is one of the 30 areas which are officially under protection in the country.

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Serra do Açor Protected Landscape - Wikipedia

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Serra do Açor Protected Landscape is a protected landscape in the Centro Region, Portugal. It is one of the 30 areas which are officially under protection in the country.

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A Serra do Marão é a sétima maior elevação de Portugal Continental, com 1416 metros de altitude, 681 metros de proeminência topográfica e 59,9 km de isolamento topográfico. Situa-se na região de transição do Douro Litoral para Trás os Montes e Alto Douro.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Serra do Marão located in the border between Trás-os-Montes ( District of Vila Real) and Douro Litoral ( District of Porto) regions, is the sixth highest mountain in Continental Portugal, rising up to 1415 meters.

in Língua Portuguesa com Acordo Ortográfico [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003-2015. [consult. 2015-12-31 22:41:16]. Available on Internet: http://www.infopedia.pt/$serra-do-marao?uri=lingua-portuguesa-aao/chumbo

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Serra do Marão located in the border between Trás-os-Montes ( District of Vila Real) and Douro Litoral ( District of Porto) regions, is the sixth highest mountain in Continental Portugal, rising up to 1415 meters. in Língua Portuguesa com Acordo Ortográfico [em linha]. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003-2015.

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A Serra da Arrábida formou-se há cerca de 7 milhões de anos na consequência da colisão das placas Africana e Euro-Asiática que deu igualmente origem à formação do mar Mediterrâneo, num processo que durou centenas de milhões de anos.

A Serra da Arrábida, está integrada no Parque Natural da Arrábida, é constituída por terrenos acidentados com fortes níveis situados na margem norte do estuário do Rio Sado, no concelho de Setúbal, em Portugal, com o ponto mais alto a 501 metros de altitude e características peculiares de clima e flora. O seu clima é temperado mediterrânico, apresentando uma flora rica em espécies mediterrânicas, tais como a azinheira, sobreiro, carvalho.

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Arrábida Natural Park ( Portuguese: Parque Natural da Arrábida) is a protected area in Portugal. Founded in 1976, the park occupies an area of 176.41 km ² (68.11 sq mi), (123.30 km ² (47.61 sq mi) on land and 53.11 km ² (20.51 sq mi) at sea) covering the southernmost margin of the Setúbal Peninsula.

One of the park's unique features is its carbonate geology mountain range, Serra da Arrábida (501 metres (1,644 ft)) which comes into contact with the ocean similarly to some locations in the Mediterranean, contrasting with the usual Portuguese coast (long sand beaches and cliffs)

Three of the park's beaches - Galapinhos, Portinho da Arrábida and Figueirinha - are popular among the inhabitants of Lisbon and Setúbal. Overlooking the three beaches is the Convent of Our Lady of Arrábida, a former monastery established in the 16th century, managed today by the Fundação Oriente.

The isolated complex of buildings of the Convent of Nossa Senhora da Arrábida, surrounding by the endemic natural vegetation

The particular characteristics of the Arrábida massif, resulted (since the 1940s) in various attempts to protect the region, culminating in the creation of the Arrábida Reserve (Decree 355/71) on 16 August 1971, which covered the southern flanks of the mountains and cliffs of Risco. Recognizing the insufficient protection conferred on the area, Decree 622/76 was passed on 28 July 1976, creating the Parque Natural da Arrábida (PNArr). This classification envisioned the protection of the geological, forest, wildlife and landscapes, but also cultural and historical resources located within the area.

Regulating decree 23/98, passed on 14 October 1998, further reclassified the natural park, expanding its coastal area and establishing the Arrábida-Espichel Marine Area, in order to support the objectives of the park, especially in the area surrounding the park. This included the region's diverse marine flora and fauna, such as the discontiguous zone of Cabo Espichel, which was included to protect coastal cliffs, endemic flora species, nesting areas for marine birds and preservation of rudimentary fossils.

The rocky cliffs of the mountain range meet the ocean at Ribeiro do Cavalo beach

The park is named for the main geomorphological unit that covers the entire area, designated the Arrábida cordillera or massif, consisting of three subareas:

An area of small elevations around Sesimbra, associated with the Serra do Risco and Serra da Arrábida, consisting of hilltops between Outão and Setúbal;

A zone between the Serra de São Luís and the Serra dos Gaiteiros; and

An area formed by the Serras do Louro and Serra de São Francisco.

The interior plains on the northern edge of the Nature Park

This group is oriented east-northeast to west-southwest, covering an area of about 35 kilometres (22 mi) long and 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) wide, and reaching 501 metres (1,644 ft) at its highest altitude as a result of the Formosinho anticline. Arrábida was formed from four successive phases of rifting that resulted in the fragmentation of Laurasia and the formation of the north Atlantic. This area is unique in the Atlantic for demonstrating the western propagation of the Tethys sea and the formation of the Mediterranean, caused by the collision of the African plate and the Eurasian plate, during the Late Cretaceous. Geologically, the mountainous region was created during the Jurassic and Miocene epochs, while the plains formed during the Pliocene and Quaternary periods. Ribeiro (1935) indicates that the massif began to be formed with successive movements during the Tertiary era.

It is formed by three lines of dislocation, oriented more or less to the east, which succeeded a retreat from the southeast to northeast. This first area is represented by part of northern flanks of various anticlines; the second is formed by anticlines a little more inclined to the south, a third by folds and horizontal thrusts in the extreme east.

A view of the Serra do Risco near Sesimbra

The same author (1937) indicated that the peninsula of Setúbal was, during the Mesozoic, covered by shallow seas. During a great part of the Jurassic, Arrábida was a marine ecosystem covered by ocean, resulting in the formation of Dolomite limestones, today being constituted by white limestone. From the Jurassic there was a movement of submersion, that formed "alternating layers of limestone, sandstone and breccia, with a clear angular unconformity on the previous limestone that ministered part of the material". The sedimentary breccia is a valuable ornamental stone, more commonly known as Arrábida Marble.

Among the notable geomorphologic points-of-interest are the Morro de Palmela, at 232 metres (761 ft), the Montes de Azeitão, that include the Serra do Louro, at 254 metres (833 ft)) and the Serra de São Francisco 257 metres (843 ft)). Parallel to the Serra do Louro, and more to the south, is the Serra de Gaiteiros, at 226 metres (741 ft), to the southwest the Serra de São Luís, at 395 metres (1,296 ft) and to the southeast the Serro do Viso at 168 metres (551 ft). Along the coast lies the Serra da Arrábida, with its highest point at 499 metres (1,637 ft) ( Formosinho). Over the sea and abrupt cliffs are the Serra do Risco and Píncaro, the highest point along the Portuguese coast in this area, at approximately 380 metres (1,250 ft). These mountains are constituted by limestone, with frequent rocky outcroppings forming scenic cliffs. Arrábida is dotted by karst cavities, that include the Gruta do Frade, known for its uniqueness, rarity, diversity and scenic beauty. From a paleontological perspective there are fossil deposits that include fragments of dinosaurs (normally sauropods), relevant to scientific investigation, commonly associated with Cape Espichel.

The beach of Figueirinha along the southern coast

There are also valleys of important interest, including south of the Serra de São Francisco up to Aldeia Grande, and the valleys of Barris and Alcube. Between the Serra da Arrábida and the western Montes de Azeitão, lies the Picheleiros Valley, which continues from the Ribeira da Ajuda Valley to Várzea da Comenda. There is also the Solitário Valley, between the coastal flanks of Arrábida and the Cabeços do Jaspe and Guincho, and the Vitória Valley, in the subplateau of the Serra do Risco. The coast stretching from Sesimbra to Alpertuche is more varied and elevated than the one from Sesimbra to Cape Espichel. The coast, generally elevated and abrupt, is 380 metres (1,250 ft) at the Alto do Píncaro, with rare and small beaches and coves, mostly accessible by boat. From Alpertuche to Outão the coast is less elevated resulting in more beaches, such as the bay of Portinho or Chã da Anixa, a small platform only metres above the sea. But, generally, the lands are inclined, mainly along the north and south, but predominately along the coast. Slopes in these areas of the Serra da Arrábida, Serra de Ares, Serra de Riscoa and Serra de São Luís exceed 30%, including the Rasca Valley, Comenda, Alto da Madalena Valley until Portela da Sardinha and areas along the north and south of the Serra de São Francisco and Serra de Louro.

Samples of breccia from Arrábida

The waterways of Arrábida can be grouped into two principal types:

waterways that only run during the winter months (following an irregular course whose flow increases substantially during these months); and

perennial ravines that drain from the foothills throughout the year (with a longer, more stable course).

The hydrology of the park is divided into two great basins: one to the northwest and north, and another to the south and east. Although the main waterways are in the east, between Setúbal, Palmela and the Picheleiros Valley, the ravine of Ajuda is the highest flowing waterway, and results from the confluence of the Ribeiras de Alcube e do Picheleiro, Ribeiras do Almelão and Ribeiras de Pomarinho. This basin includes the valleys of Picheleiro, Alcube and Ajuda, and the western and southern flanks of the Serra de São Luís, as well as the western flanks of the Nico and Viso, in addition to the Ribeira de Melra, Ribeira do Vale de Cavalo and Ribeira de Mareta. Other waterways, such as the Ribeira da Corva, tributary of the Ribeira de Livramento, or the Ribeira do Calhariz, tributary of the Rio Coina, obtain their maximum flow outside the park. Of all these waterways within the park, only the Ribeira da Ajuda maintains its flow throughout the year.

The mountainous southern coast, susceptible to morning fog due to moisture coming from the Atlantic Ocean

Arrábida has a Mediterranean climate with warm dry summers and mild wet winters. Its exposure to the Atlantic Ocean has a large influence over the temperature and the humidity felt throughout the year. The humid air masses that come from the Atlantic in the cooler months are confronted by the rugged mountains resulting in abundant precipitation in November and December. In the summer, some upwelling occurs around Cabo Espichel which decreases sea temperature and increases the frequency of fogs, which are usually only present in the morning or late in the day.

August is the warmest month with temperatures averaging between 24-28 °C (75-82 °F) during the day and 16-17 °C (61-63 °F) during the night. January is the coolest month with temperatures averaging between 13-15 °C (55-59 °F) during the day and 5-8 °C (41-46 °F) during the night. These temperatures depend on altitude and proximity to the sea.

The Arrábida Natural Park is one of the few places in Portugal where the Portuguese endemic Ulex densus occurs

Red fox

Arbutus unedo branches within Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub

The morphology of Arrábida allows a variety of microhabitats of distinct characteristics ( Mediterranean/ Atlantic), mixing species of evergreen, deciduous or semi-deciduous trees. Owing to the importance of the natural vegetation, that includes the last vestiges of varying Mediterranean vegetation, the area was included in a planning process early on, in order to save and preserve the ecosystems. There are three convergent floral elements:

Euro-Atlantic vegetation, with dominant exposures to the north, cooler humid or shaded areas;

Mediterranean vegetation, with dominant exposures in the south, warmer, dry or luminous areas;

Macaronesian vegetation, occupying the accidented maritime lands and arribas.

In the more eastern areas, the cliffs were populated with important species of Macaronesian flora, supporting nesting species of maritime and raptor birds protected by international convention.

In total there are 213 species of vertebrates: 8 amphibians, 16 reptiles, 154 birds, and 35 mammals.

Ecoregions/Protected areas

Arrábida concentrates a vast area of diverse vegetation, that includes 42 types and subtypes of habitats, 10 prioritized as important for conservation.

Atlantic coast maritime dune habitat, with herbaceous vegetation (grey dunes);

Atlantic coast maritime dune habitat, with decalcified vegetation (Calluno-Ulicetea);

Mediterranean coastal dune habitat, with forest of stone pine (Pinus pinea) or maritime pine (Pinus pinaster);

Mediterranean arborescent thickets of bay laurel (Laurus nobilis);

Rupicolous calcareous or basophilic grasslands of the Alysso-Sedion albi

Semi-natural dry meadows and scrublands on limestone (Festuco-Brometalia);

Substep grasslands and Thero-Brachypodietea annuals;

Rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation and limestone slabs

Temperate alluvial forests of common alder (Alnus glutinosa) and European ash (Fraxinus excelsior)

Low formations of spurge (Euphorbiaceae), that include Euphorbia pedroi

The complexity and diversity of marine habitats present in the waters of Arrábida have contributed to it being a hotspot of biodiversity, with 1400 registered species occupying the space.

A stretch of road in the natural park is notable for being the scene in the 1969 James Bond film On Her Majesty's Secret Service where Tracy Bond (played by Diana Rigg) is shot dead by Irma Bunt ( Ilse Steppat) in a drive-by shooting at the end of the film.

Arrábida is depicted in the video game Tom Clancy's Endwar as one of the theatres in World War III, when the U.S. Army invades Portugal in an attempt to weaken the European Federation's defences.

ICNF, ed. (1 January 1996), Parque Natural de Arrábida (Plano de Ordenamento: 1º Fase - Estudos de Caracterização (in Portuguese), Setúbal, Portugal: Direção Regional do Ambiente e do Ordenamento do Território LVT/Institute da Conservação da Natureza e das Florestas

Kullberg, J.C.; Pais, J.; Almeida, J.A.; Mateus, O. (2012), Contributo do património geológico e geomorfológico na candidatura da Arrábida (Portugal) a Património Mundial Misto (in Portuguese), XXXXVI Congresso Brasileiro Geologia/I Congresso Geologia Países Língua Portuguesa

Decreto-Law n.º 622/76 (PDF) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Diário da República, 28 July 1976, pp. 1719-1722

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Arrábida Natural Park ( Portuguese: Parque Natural da Arrábida) is a protected area in Portugal. Founded in 1976, the park occupies an area of 176.41 km 2 (68.11 sq mi), (123.30 km 2 (47.61 sq mi) on land and 53.11 km 2 (20.51 sq mi) at sea) covering the southernmost margin of the Setúbal Peninsula.

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O Parque Natural do Alvão é um parque natural situado na região Norte de Portugal. Criado em 1983, é o mais pequeno parque natural do país, com uma área de cerca de 72 km² distribuídos pelos municípios de Vila Real e Mondim de Basto. Situado na vertente oeste da Serra do Alvão, caracteriza-se por uma topografia de montanha, dividida entre um planalto granítico a elevada altitude na parte oriental e uma área de menor altitude na parte ocidental onde predomina o xisto. O ponto mais elevado a situa-se a 1339 m de altitude, no Alto das Caravelas.

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O Sado (antigamente chamado Sádão) é um rio português, que nasce a 230m de altitude, na Serra da Vigia em Ourique e percorre 180 quilómetros até desaguar no oceano Atlântico perto de Setúbal. No seu percurso passa por Panoias, Alvalade e Alcácer do Sal, sendo a foz em frente a Setúbal. De jusante de Alcácer do Sal até à foz desenvolve-se um largo estuário separado do oceano pela península de Troia.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sado River

Country
Portugal

Source

* location

Serra da Vigia, Ourique

* elevation

230 m (750 ft)

Mouth

Atlantic Ocean at Setúbal

0 m (0 ft)

Length

175 km (109 mi)

Basin size

7,692 km ² (2,970 sq mi)

Tributaries

* right

Xarrama River

The river Sado (Portuguese pronunciation: ) is a river in southern Portugal; it is one of the major rivers in the country. It flows in a northerly direction (the only major Portuguese river to do so) through 175 kilometres (109 mi) from its springs in the hills of Ourique before entering the Atlantic Ocean in an estuary in the city of Setúbal.

The estuary is the habitat of a large community of bottlenose dolphins; there are 31 members of the pod, each of whom has been named (2007).

The river is dammed in several places, chiefly for irrigation of rice, maize, and other vegetables.

In its course, the river crosses the city of Alcácer do Sal.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Sado River Country Portugal Source * location Serra da Vigia, Ourique * elevation 230 m (750 ft) Mouth Atlantic Ocean at Setúbal 0 m (0 ft) Length 175 km (109 mi) Basin size 7,692 km 2 (2,970 sq mi) Tributaries * right Xarrama River The river Sado (Portuguese pronunciation: ) is a river in southern Portugal; it is one of the major rivers in the country.

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A Lezíria do Tejo é uma sub-região portuguesa situada no centro-oeste do país, pertencendo à região do Alentejo. Tem uma extensão total de 4 275 km², 235 861 habitantes em 2021 e uma densidade populacional de 55 habitantes por km².

É composta por onze municípios e 68 freguesias, sendo a cidade de Santarém a cidade administrativa e o principal núcleo urbano da sub-região. Com 30 017 habitantes na sua área urbana e 58 601 habitantes em todo o município, é a maior cidade e o maior município da Lezíria do Tejo.

A sub-região é limitada a nordeste pelo Médio Tejo, a leste com o Alto Alentejo, a sudeste com o Alentejo Central, a sul e sudoeste com a Área Metropolitana de Lisboa, a oeste com a sub-região do Oeste e a noroeste com a Região de Leiria.

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O rio Vouga é um rio do centro de Portugal, que nasce a 930 metros de altitude,[1] na serra da Lapa, mais concretamente no chamado Chafariz da Lapa, situado na freguesia de Quintela, concelho de Sernancelhe, Distrito de Viseu.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Vouga River (Portuguese pronunciation: ) is a river in the Centro Region of Portugal.' The source of the Vouga is the Chafariz da Lapa, at an elevation of 864 metres (2,835 ft), in the parish of Quintela, municipality of Sernancelhe, Viseu District. The course of the river ends in the Atlantic Ocean, in the form of a ria, the Ria de Aveiro.

Cacia pulp and paper mill effluent, one of the major polluting sources of the Vouga River and Aveiro Lagoon, is discharged into the Aveiro coastal area. The area has an unpleasant smell due to the effluent.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Vouga River (Portuguese pronunciation: ) is a river in the Centro Region of Portugal.' The source of the Vouga is the Chafariz da Lapa, at an elevation of 864 metres (2,835 ft), in the parish of Quintela, municipality of Sernancelhe, Viseu District.

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Próximo de Coimbra, o rio corre numa extensa área de sedimentação, os campos do Mondego. É, então, um rio de planície, que atinge com dificuldade o oceano, junto à cidade da Figueira da Foz. Era popularmente designado por "bazófias", dada a irregularidade do seu caudal, ora de grandes cheias, ora diminuto.

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O Paul da Serra é o maior e mais extenso planalto da ilha da Madeira com cerca de 24 km², com uma altitude média de aproximadamente 1500 metros.[1] O seu ponto mais elevado é o pico Ruivo do Paul, com 1640 metros, de onde se pode admirar a extensão de todo o planalto. Em dias de boa visibilidade, poder-se-á observar o mar da costa sul e norte.

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Paul da Serra in the municipal county of Ponta do Sol, Madeira, is the largest and most extensive plateau of Madeira, at about 24 km ² (9.3 sq mi), with an altitude averaging about 1,500 m (4,900 ft). Its highest point is the peak pico do Paul at 1,640 m (5,380 ft) from where the length of the entire plateau can be viewed. On days with good visibility, both the south and north coasts are visible.

Paul da Serra is considered the most important area of the islands groundwater recharge, and their planar structure facilitates the infiltration of a significant part of high rainfall year, while slowing the runoff towards the sea.

The ground cover in almost all the Paul da Serra is composed of underbrush, reminiscent of its former use as grazing site, stressing among other the Feiteira (Pteridium aquilinum), highland bent, (Agrostis castellana), broom (Cytisus scoparius ssp. scoparius, and C. multiflorus), the gorse (Ulex europaeus ssp. latebracteatus and ), St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) or pelicão (Hypericum linarifolium and H. humifusum) and Thymus micans, an endemic species of Madeira, confined to the central mountain massif.

With the abandonment of grazing due to government policies for environmental recovery, the island's mountains can be seen recovering, slowly but consistently, vegetation thought to be the original, before slaughter by the colonizers. This vegetation, mainly composed of heather species Erica arborea and Erica platycodon ssp. maderincola, heathland form of altitude sized tree up to 9 m (30 ft) high, as observed in the area of Bica da Cana, in the northeast of the plateau. However, the cedar-of-Madeira (Juniperus cedrus ssp. maderensis) that should have been part of that original vegetation, hardly will again take its place.[why? ]

As a flat area, it is favorable to the installation of wind farms. Virtually all wind energy produced on the island comes from these.

Paul da Serra has a Mediterranean climate ( Köppen: Csb) with a surprisingly high amount of precipitation (mostly due to the high air humidity, which precipitates with colder temperatures) and more than 240 foggy days a year.

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Paul da Serra in the municipal county of Ponta do Sol, Madeira, is the largest and most extensive plateau of Madeira, at about 24 km 2 (9.3 sq mi), with an altitude averaging about 1,500 m (4,900 ft).

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A Região do Alentejo ou Alentejo é uma região portuguesa situada no sul do país, com a capital localizada na cidade de Évora, tendo uma área de 31 605 km² e uma população de 713 376 habitantes[5], registando uma densidade populacional de 23 hab./km². sendo a quarta região mais populosa de Portugal e a região mais extensa do país.

É uma das sete regiões de Portugal, constituída por cinco sub-regiões e 58 municípios, que se dividem em 299 freguesias[6]. Limita a norte com a região do Centro, a nordeste com a região espanhola da Estremadura, a sudeste com a região espanhola da Andaluzia, a sul com o Algarve, a oeste com o Oceano Atlântico e a noroeste com a Área Metropolitana de Lisboa.

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Miranda do Douro é uma cidade raiana portuguesa localizada na sub-região das Terras de Trás-os-Montes, pertencendo à região do Norte e ao distrito de Bragança.

É sede do Município de Miranda do Douro que tem uma área total de 487,18 km²,[1] 6.466 habitantes[2] em 2021 e uma densidade populacional de 13 habitantes por km², subdividido em 13 freguesias.[3] O município é limitado a norte e leste pela região espanhola de Castela e Leão, a sudoeste pelo município de Mogadouro e a noroeste por Vimioso.