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𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝐵𝒶𝓃𝑔𝑜𝓇 𝒜𝒷𝒷𝑒𝓎

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𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝐵𝒶𝓃𝑔𝑜𝓇 𝒜𝒷𝒷𝑒𝓎

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- Established: 558AD (by Saint Comgall)

- Located: in Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland

- The main body of the building dates from the 1830's and 1840's but the tower is from the 15th century and the octagonal steeple dates from around 1693.

- Bangor Abbey is part of the Columban Way, a heritage trail between Comber and Bangor covering 20 miles (32 km). A trail to experience the area’s rich and diverse history, Bronze Age relics, monastic settlements, Viking attacks, industrial heritage and military influences in both the First and Second World Wars, are just some points of interest you will discover along the way.

- The churchyard has many old and interesting gravestones.

- The most celebrated literary work to come from the monastery is the seventh century Bangor Antiphonary, a collection of hymns, prayers and poems now kept in the Ambrosian Library in Milan.

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𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝐵𝒶𝓃𝑔𝑜𝓇 𝒞𝒶𝓈𝓉𝓁𝑒:

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𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝐵𝒶𝓃𝑔𝑜𝓇 𝒞𝒶𝓈𝓉𝓁𝑒:

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A country house situated

- Built: 1852 (for the Hon Robert Edward Ward and his family)

- Opened: April 2009

- Located: in Castle Park in Bangor, Northern Ireland.
It is now the offices of Ards and North Down Borough Council.

- This imposing building is an elegant mansion in the Elizabethan-Jacobean revival style, with 35 bedrooms and incorporating a huge salon for musical recitals.

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𝒫𝒾𝒸𝓀𝒾𝑒 𝐹𝓊𝓃 𝒫𝒶𝓇𝓀:

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𝒫𝒾𝒸𝓀𝒾𝑒 𝐹𝓊𝓃 𝒫𝒶𝓇𝓀:

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- Opened: 2012
- Located: Beside Bangor Marina
- Visitors can enjoy the Pickie Puffer steam train, giant Pickie pedal swans and an 18-hole nautical themed mini golf course
- It is also the perfect vantage point to sit and enjoy the superb views over Bangor Marina and Belfast Lough.

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𝐵𝒶𝓃𝑔𝑜𝓇'𝓈 𝓂𝒶𝓇𝒾𝓃𝒶

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𝐵𝒶𝓃𝑔𝑜𝓇'𝓈 𝓂𝒶𝓇𝒾𝓃𝒶

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- Opened: 1989
- Located: the heart of Bangor town on the sunny side of Belfast Lough
- Opened: 1989
- The largest marina in Northern Ireland and has achieved Blue Flag Award status.
- The maritime-inspired Sea Bangor Festival is one of the most popular events held in the summer.
- Also based at the Marina are the Marine Court Hotel, HM Coast Guard's Marine Rescue Sub Centre and the Royal National Lifeboat Institution's Atlantic 85-class lifeboat Jessie Hillyard.

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Bangor Northern Ireland: A Complete Dump of a Town?

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𝕍. 𝔹𝕒𝕟𝕘𝕠𝕣 /ˈ𝘣æŋɡə𝘳/ :

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𝕍. 𝔹𝕒𝕟𝕘𝕠𝕣 /ˈ𝘣æŋɡə𝘳/ :

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Population: 61,011 (2011)

Located on a pretty seaside spot on the south side of the Belfast Lough and mentioned as the most desirable place to live in Northern Ireland

Bangor is brimming with places to explore; Bangor castle, the Abbey, North Down Museum, Pickie Funpark and a picturesque marina, to name a few. As well as activities, such as karting, sailing and golfing, for those who like the great outdoors.

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𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝐵𝑒𝓁𝒻𝒶𝓈𝓉 𝒵𝑜𝑜:

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𝒯𝒽𝑒 𝐵𝑒𝓁𝒻𝒶𝓈𝓉 𝒵𝑜𝑜:

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- Opened: 28 March 1934

- Number of animals: 1,200

- Land area: 55 acres (22 ha)

- Just 6.3 miles (10km) from Belfast

- The zoo carries out important conservation work and takes part in over 90 European and international breeding programmes which help to ensure the survival of many species under threat.

- The zoo is a member of the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums (BIAZA), the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA), and the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA).

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𝒮𝑒𝓃𝓉𝓇𝓎 𝐻𝒾𝓁𝓁:

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𝒮𝑒𝓃𝓉𝓇𝓎 𝐻𝒾𝓁𝓁:

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- Onliy 9.1 miles (14.6 km) from Belfast

- A 19th century farmhouse in the Parish of Carnmoney, County Antrim.

- Its' contents provide a rare insight into life in rural Ulster during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

- Sentry Hill was the home of the McKinney family, who came to Ireland from Scotland in the early 1700s. Remarkably the contents of the house have survived along with an extraordinary collection of artefacts, both from the local area and from around the world.

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𝐵𝒶𝓁𝓁𝓎𝓇𝑜𝒷𝑒𝓇𝓉 𝒞𝑜𝓉𝓉𝒶𝑔𝑒 𝒢𝒶𝓇𝒹𝑒𝓃 𝒶𝓃𝒹 𝒩𝓊𝓇𝓈𝑒𝓇𝓎

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𝐵𝒶𝓁𝓁𝓎𝓇𝑜𝒷𝑒𝓇𝓉 𝒞𝑜𝓉𝓉𝒶𝑔𝑒 𝒢𝒶𝓇𝒹𝑒𝓃 𝒶𝓃𝒹 𝒩𝓊𝓇𝓈𝑒𝓇𝓎

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- Top 10 Secret Gardens in the UK in May 2016

- Area: 6 acres

- Only 11 miles (17,7km) from Belfast.

- The garden is designed around a historic 17th century landscape, with the original cottage and barn being key features.

- The Gardens are already an RHS and RHSI Partner Garden.

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𝕀𝕍.  ℕ𝕖𝕨𝕥𝕠𝕨𝕟𝕒𝕓𝕓𝕖𝕪  /𝘯𝘫𝘶ː𝘵ə𝘯ˈæ𝘣ɪ/:

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𝕀𝕍.  ℕ𝕖𝕨𝕥𝕠𝕨𝕟𝕒𝕓𝕓𝕖𝕪  /𝘯𝘫𝘶ː𝘵ə𝘯ˈæ𝘣ɪ/:

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Created date: 1 April 1958

Population: 85.558 (2012)

→ A large settlement north of Belfast in County Antrim, Northern Ireland

The merging of seven villages: Carnmoney, Glengormley, Jordanstown, Monkstown, Whiteabbey, Whitehouse and Whitewell.

Newtownabbey is situated directly north and east of Belfast. Located in County Antrim, the town is also an excellent jumping off point for exploring nearby mountains or planning a fishing trip in local rivers. It is bordered by Carrickfergus and Ballymena—two other towns that also make the list of the 20 largest cities in Ireland.

Highlights for tourists
⟱

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𝐿𝒾𝓈𝒷𝓊𝓇𝓃 𝒞𝒶𝓈𝓉𝓁𝑒 𝒢𝒶𝓇𝒹𝑒𝓃.

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𝐿𝒾𝓈𝒷𝓊𝓇𝓃 𝒞𝒶𝓈𝓉𝓁𝑒 𝒢𝒶𝓇𝒹𝑒𝓃.

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- The most historically significant open space in Lisburn and was once the site of Lisbirn Castle.
- Built by the Conway family, the landlords of Lisburn.
- Gifted to Lisburn people by Sir Hihn Murray Scott in 1903 uopn the death of the last landlord

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𝐼𝓇𝒾𝓈𝒽 𝐿𝒾𝓃𝑒𝓃 𝒞𝑒𝓃𝓉𝑒𝓇 𝒶𝓃𝒹 𝐿𝒾𝓈𝒷𝓊𝓇𝓃 𝑀𝓊𝓈𝑒𝓊𝓂

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𝐼𝓇𝒾𝓈𝒽 𝐿𝒾𝓃𝑒𝓃 𝒞𝑒𝓃𝓉𝑒𝓇 𝒶𝓃𝒹 𝐿𝒾𝓈𝒷𝓊𝓇𝓃 𝑀𝓊𝓈𝑒𝓊𝓂

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Collects, safeguards and interprets artifacts and information relating to the Irish linen industry and the Lagan Valley

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𝕀𝕀𝕀. 𝕃𝕚𝕤𝕓𝕦𝕣𝕟: /ˈ𝘭ɪ𝘻𝘣ɜ:𝘳𝘯/ 𝘰𝘳 /ˈ𝘭ɪ𝘴𝘣ɜ:𝘳𝘯/

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𝕀𝕀𝕀. 𝕃𝕚𝕤𝕓𝕦𝕣𝕟: /ˈ𝘭ɪ𝘻𝘣ɜ:𝘳𝘯/ 𝘰𝘳 /ˈ𝘭ɪ𝘴𝘣ɜ:𝘳𝘯/

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The third-largest city in Northern Ireland

Population: 45.370

History:

Lisburn's original site was a fort located north of modern-day Wallace Park.

The birthplace of Ireland's linen industry

Lisburn was granted city status in 2002 as part of Queen Elizabeth II's Golden jubilee celebrations " Northern Ireland's third city after Belfast and Derry

Geographical features:

13km (8 miles) southwest of Belfast city centre, on the River Lagan.

Climate: Maritime: cool summer and mild winter

Highlights for tourists
⟱

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𝑀𝓊𝓈𝑒𝓊𝓂 𝑜𝒻 𝐹𝓇𝑒𝑒 𝒟𝑒𝓇𝓇𝓎

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𝑀𝓊𝓈𝑒𝓊𝓂 𝑜𝒻 𝐹𝓇𝑒𝑒 𝒟𝑒𝓇𝓇𝓎

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- Located in Bogside district
- Exhibits photographs, poster, film footage, letters and personal artifacts
- Focus on the 1960s civil rights era known as The Troubles and Free Derry Irish Nationalist movement in 1970s

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𝐹𝓇𝑒𝑒 𝒟𝑒𝓇𝓇𝓎 𝒞𝑜𝓇𝓃𝑒𝓇

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𝐹𝓇𝑒𝑒 𝒟𝑒𝓇𝓇𝓎 𝒞𝑜𝓇𝓃𝑒𝓇

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- A historical landmark in the Bogside neighborhood of Derry
- Exist between 1969 and 1972 as a self-declared autonomous nationalist area of Derry
- A memorial to the 1981 hunger strikers, several murals, and to those who died engaging in paramilitary activity of the Provisional IRA's Derry Brigade.

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- Originally built by the Irish Society between 1613 and 1619 -> protecting the Scottish and English planters.
- Located at the center of the historic city of Derry.
- About 1 mile in circumference
- Containing many of the city's most important landmarks.
- Has 7 gates

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Welcome To Derry_Londonderry with Vagabond Tours of Ireland

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𝕀𝕀. 𝔻𝕖𝕣𝕣𝕪 /ˈ𝘥ɛ𝘳𝘪/ (𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 𝘤𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘓𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘳𝘺 /ˈ𝘭ᴧ𝘯𝘥ǝ𝘯𝘥ɛ𝘳𝘪/)

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𝕀𝕀. 𝔻𝕖𝕣𝕣𝕪 /ˈ𝘥ɛ𝘳𝘪/ (𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 𝘤𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘓𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘳𝘺 /ˈ𝘭ᴧ𝘯𝘥ǝ𝘯𝘥ɛ𝘳𝘪/)

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The second-largest city in Northern Ireland.

The name Derry: an anglicisation of the Old Irish name Daire (or Doire in modern Irish) " means the “oak grove”.

Population: 85.016

History:

The name “Derry” has been used in the names of the local government district and council since 1984. In everyday conversation, people prefer using “Derry”, however, the city is usually known as Londonderry in official use within the UK.

One of the oldest cities continuously inhabited places in Ireland.

The city's oldest surviving building was also constructed in 17th century: the 1633 Plantation Gothic cathedral of St Columb.

The city was rebuilt in the 18th century with many of its fine Georgian style houses still surviving.

During the 18th and 19th centuries the port became an important embarkation point for Irish emigrants setting out for North America " a destination for migrants fleeing areas more severely affected by the Great Famine.

Geographical features:

Lies on the west bank of the River Foyle

Distinctively hilly topography

The River Foyle forms a deep valley as it flows through the city " very steep streets and sudden, starting views.

Climate: temperate maritime

Highlights for tourists
⟱

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𝐵𝑒𝓁𝒻𝒶𝓈𝓉 𝒞𝒾𝓉𝓎 𝐻𝒶𝓁𝓁

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𝐵𝑒𝓁𝒻𝒶𝓈𝓉 𝒞𝒾𝓉𝓎 𝐻𝒶𝓁𝓁

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- The civic building of Belfast City Council
- Located in Donegal Square, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Construction completed in 1906

More information: https://visitbelfast.com/

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𝒰𝓁𝓈𝓉𝑒𝓇 𝑀𝓊𝓈𝑒𝓊𝓂

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𝒰𝓁𝓈𝓉𝑒𝓇 𝑀𝓊𝓈𝑒𝓊𝓂

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- Located in the Botanic Gardens in Belfast.
- Area: Around 8,000 square meters of public display space
- The largest museum in Northern Ireland
- Featuring material from the collection of fine art and applied art, archaeology, ethnology, treasures from the Spanish Armada, local history,...

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𝒯𝒾𝓉𝒶𝓃𝒾𝒸 𝐵𝑒𝓁𝒻𝒶𝓈𝓉

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𝒯𝒾𝓉𝒶𝓃𝒾𝒸 𝐵𝑒𝓁𝒻𝒶𝓈𝓉

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- Opened on 31/03/2012
- Located on the site of the former Harland&Wolff shipyard in the city's Titanic Quarter, where the Ttanic was built
- More than 12,000 square meters of floor space
- The interior: series of galleries, private rooms, community facilities, Hickson's Point destination bar (2018)

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𝕀. 𝔹𝕖𝕝𝕗𝕒𝕤𝕥:  /ˈ𝘣ɛ𝘭𝘧æ:𝘴𝘵/ 𝘰𝘳  /ˈ𝘣ɛ𝘭𝘧æ𝘴𝘵/

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𝕀. 𝔹𝕖𝕝𝕗𝕒𝕤𝕥:  /ˈ𝘣ɛ𝘭𝘧æ:𝘴𝘵/ 𝘰𝘳  /ˈ𝘣ɛ𝘭𝘧æ𝘴𝘵/

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Belfast is the Capital and the largest city of Northern Ireland.

Irish: Béal Feirste " mouth of a sand bank ford.

Population: 341,877 (2019)

Area: 51,16 square mile (132,5 km2)

History:

Early 19th century: Belfast was a major port

Played an important role in the Industrial Revolution in Ireland.

Was the biggest linen-producer in the world

Was the major center of Irish linen production, tobaco-progressing and rope-making (1888)

Geographical features:

Located on the eastern coast of Northern Ireland, at the western end of Belfast Lough and at the mouth of the River Lagan " ideal for shipbuilding industry " Titanic was built here from 1911 – 1912.

Climate: temperate oceanic, narrow range temperature and rainfall.

During winter, the day is shorter that the sun usually rises at 8:45 and sets before 16:00.

During summer, the day is longer that the sun usually rises before 05:00 and sets at 22:00.

Highlights for tourists
⟱

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𝙱𝚎𝚕𝚏𝚊𝚜𝚝

𝙳𝚎𝚛𝚛𝚢 (𝙻𝚘𝚗𝚍𝚘𝚗𝚍𝚎𝚛𝚛𝚢)

𝙻𝚒𝚜𝚋𝚞𝚛𝚗

𝙽𝚎𝚠𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚗𝚊𝚋𝚋𝚎𝚢

𝙱𝚊𝚗𝚐𝚘𝚛

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𝐏𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐓 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐀𝐍𝐈𝐌𝐀𝐋 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄

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𝐏𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐓 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐀𝐍𝐈𝐌𝐀𝐋 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄

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The general features of the vegetation of Northern Ireland are similar to those in the northwest of Britain

Heavy human imprint on the landscape -> absence of trees

Fewer species of mammals and birds:

Only two mammals—the Irish stoat and the Irish hare—and three species of birds are exclusively Irish

The region is rich in fish, particularly pike, perch, trout, and salmon

REFERENCE:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Irel

https://alphahistory.com/northernireland/introduction-to-northern-ireland/

https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/gsni/tellus/conference/pdf/2.1a.CrawfordJordan%20-%20Tellus%20Conference.pdf

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Temperate and maritime

near the central track of such low -> often experiences high wind

annual rainfall decreases from west to east

dry spring gives way to a wet summer and a wetter winter

Oceanic:

quite cold, rainy winters and mild, relatively rainy summers

frequent and lively wind

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Varied

Brown earth soils, forming arable loams, are extensive and are derived from the ancient Silurian rocks of the southeast—some 420 million years old—and from the more recent basalts of the northeast.

Peat soils are common, particularly in the hollows lying between the drumlins, and hill peat is widespread throughout Northern Ireland.

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POPULATION:

Estimated 1,870,451 people (2017)

AREA: (Total)

14,130 km2 (5,460 sq mi)

RELIGION:

Over 42 percent of the 1.85 million people in Northern Ireland identify as Protestant Christians, the majority Presbyterians or Church of Ireland (a local division of the Anglican Church).

Approximately 41 percent of Northern Ireland citizens are Roman Catholic.

The remainder belong to other faiths or are irreligious.

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4. Haggis
The national dish of Scotland. There’s a lot more to haggis than just sheep heart, liver, and lungs. Mix those in with some onion, oatmeal, stock, and spices, cool it inside the lining of a sheep’s stomach, and you’ve got yourself a traditional Scottish pudding usually served on holidays or special occasions. This savory dish is a must-try while visiting Scotland—if you’re brave enough.

It’s often served with turnips and mashed potatoes and can be found in most places around the country. Other than ordering it in a restaurant or pub, you can even purchase it from butcher shops and grocery stores.

In January, haggis is widely celebrated in Scotland on what is known as a Burns supper. On the birthday of famous poet Robert Burns, this party pays homage to the writer and his passion for haggis. He loved it so much that he composed a poem about the dish.

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3. Whisky
Scotland is known for its rich varieties of whisky. Visiting one of the 109 distilleries is a fantastic way to taste the country’s national drink during your time in Scotland. Historically, the production of Scottish whisky dates back to the 11th century. The story begins with the belief that monks started producing what later developed into the whisky we know when European monasteries started to make wine. The name “whisky” comes from the traditional Gaelic moniker, “uisge beatha” which means “water of life.” Authentic Scotch whisky is produced only in Scotland and left in oak casks for at least three years.

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2. Bagpipes
Bagpipes are often associated with Scotland and widely known as a national symbol of the country. Rooted in military beginnings, the Great Highland bagpipe has a long history in Scottish culture. Often paired with fiddles and folk songs, the bagpipe is played as street music, in pubs, and provides the soundtrack for events and festivals.

Experiencing traditional Scottish music is one of the best ways to immerse yourself in local culture. Discover a more in-depth history of the bagpipe at the National Piping Centre in the city of Glasgow. The center details more than 300 years of the instrument’s history.

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1. Loch Ness Monster
One of the top things Scotland is known for is the Loch Ness Monster, who is said to reside in the waters of Loch Ness. The “monster” has been the source of much speculation and possible sightings, the earliest dating back to 565 AD, and is often referred to in books and films.

Take part in the mystery by visiting Loch Ness and exploring it via boat. Perhaps you’ll even catch a glimpse of Nessie! Dive into the history behind the legend at the Loch Ness Centre and Exhibition which explains the timeline of the monster, strange sightings, and research that’s been done in the Loch. It’s here where you can decide for yourself if the Loch Ness monster is a real animal or a long-running hoax.

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5. Blair Castle Gardens
· Address: Blair Atholl, Pitlochry PH18 5TL, United Kingdom

· Owner: Blair Charitable Trust

· Architects: David Bryce, Archibald Elliot, James Campbell Walker, John Douglas, James Winter

· Opened: 1269

· Architectural style: Scottish baronial architecture

· Blair Castle stands in its grounds near the village of Blair Atholl in Perthshire in Scotland.  6 miles from Pitlochry and close to the House of Bruar

· Review: The price was a bit too high. This stunning castle had equally beautiful grounds. Everywhere you look there is something amazing to see, with 30 rooms to wander through and explore. It seemed to have a lot of military hardware and an amusing amount of decorating with antlers. The cafe was a bit hellish with poor selection of food and managed to avoid vegetables and fruit wherever possible.

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4. Stirling Castle
· Address: Castle Wynd, Stirling FK8 1EJ, United Kingdom

· Architects: James Hamilton of Finnart, John Slezer, Robert William Billings

· Owner: Historic Environment Scotland

· Architectural styles: Renaissance architecture, Gothic Revival architecture, Scottish baronial architecture

· Function: Castle

· Built by: James IV of Scotland, James VI and I

· Stirling Castle, located in Stirling, is one of the largest and most important castles in Scotland, both historically and architecturally.

· Review: There are several buildings to walk around, with a one wasy system in progress. Lots to learn and see and some great views over Stirling, the Wallace Monument and towards The Trossachs. The cafe there had good selection of cakes and sandwiches, again staff were great and it was reasonably priced. Entrance was £14 each as some places are still closed due to Covid but even at that the price is excellent value for money

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3. Ben Nevis

· Elevation: 1,345 m

· Prominence: 1,344 m

· First ascent: August 17, 1771

· Mountain range: Grampian Mountains

· First ascender: James Robertson

· Parent range: Grampian Mountains

· Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Scotland and the United Kingdom. It is actually called Beinn Nibheis. The most popular route is known as the pony track.

· Review: TripAdvisor, GrimTraveller users gave Ben Nevis a hilarious one-star review because of the high of Ben Nevis.

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2. Eilean Donan Castle

· Eilean Donan is a small tidal island in the western Highlands of Scotland.
· Area: 1 ha

· Population: 1 (2001)

· Highest elevation: 3 m (10 ft)

· Island group: Loch Duich

· Built in 1220, holds the title of the most photographed castle in Scotland.

· Review: The castle has greatest view. The weather has been different each time, which provides a variety of photos. All of the staff were incredibly friendly and knowledgeable.

· Beautiful castle on way to & from Isle of Skye - always worth a stop. Big carpark loos & cafe/shop.

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1. The Old Man of Storr
· Elevation: 719 m (2,359 ft)

· Prominence: 674 m (2,211 ft)

· Location: Trotternish, Skye, Scotland

· Legend has it that the Old Man of Storr gets its name because the rock outline and the protruding pinnacle resemble that of the face of an old man. “Storr” itself is Norse in origin and is thought to mean “Great Man”.

· Review: The Old Man of Storr is an iconic landmark high up on the Isle of Skype. The route is extremely popular with tourists for camping. Although the scenery is gorgeous, the car park is quite small if compare with the number of tour coaches.

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Temperate and maritime

near the central track of such lows -> often experiences high winds

annual rainfall decreases from west to east

dry spring gives way to a wet summer and a wetter winter

Oceanic:

quite cold, rainy winters and mild, relatively rainy summers

frequent and lively wind

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+ Scotland has a 96 mile (154km) border with  England to the south and surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and north, and the North Sea to the east.

+ Scotland’s coastline runs for over 11,000km

+ 3 topographic areas: the Highlands in the north, the Midland Valley (Central Lowlands), and the Southern Uplands.

The geography is varied and dramatic. From its rocky high mountains to its deep valleys, rivers, lochs and diverse coastline

+ Scotland has a temperate oceanic climate

Precipitation is greatest in the mountainous areas of the west, as prevailing winds, laden with moisture from the Atlantic, blow from the southwest. East winds are common in winter and spring, when cold, dry continental air masses envelop the east coast. Hence, the west tends to be milder in winter, with less frost and with snow seldom lying long at lower elevations, but it is damper and cloudier than the east in summer.

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7.     Perth

/ˌpɜːθ/

Scotland’s newest city

Perth is a city in central Scotland, on the banks of the River Tay. It is located about 45 miles north of Edinburgh

Perth is a city steeped in history

Known as The Fair City

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6.     Stirling

/ˈstɜː.lɪŋ/

Stirling is the smallest city in Scotland

Stirling is a city in central Scotland, 26 miles (42 km) north-east of Glasgow and 37 miles (60 km) north-west of the Scottish capital, Edinburgh.

In the heart of Scotland lies historic Stirling.

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5.     Inverness

/ˌɪn.və.ˈnes/

Inversnecky or The Sneck

Located in the Scottish Highlands, it's a great place for nature lovers looking to explore its vast landscape.

Inverness is the northernmost city in Scotland, located at the top of Loch Ness

Famous for the Battle of Culloden and Starz hit show Outlander

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4.     Glasgow

/ˈɡlɑːz.ɡəʊ/

Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland with over a million people

Glasgow is located in the central belt of Scotland.

Glasgow remains aptly named 'Dear Green Place' with over 90 parks and open spaces, more than any other city of its size.

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3 Edinburgh

/ˈed.ɪn.bər.ə/

The capital city of Scotland

The city is the annual venue of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. It is home to national cultural institutions such as the National Museum of Scotland, the National Library of Scotland, and the Scottish National Gallery.

The Edinburgh International Festival and the Fringe

The Scottish capital is a center of culture and the arts and is especially well-known for its festivals

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2 Dundee

/dʌnˌdi/

Scotland’s fourth-largest city

Dundee sits on the north bank of the Firth of Tay on the eastern, North Sea Coast of Scotland

Dundee is known as "The City of Discovery", is a modern and vibrant city set in a stunning location at the mouth of the River Tay on the east coast of Scotland.

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1 Aberdeen

/æb.əˈdiːn/

Scotland's third-largest city

Aberdeen is a city in North East Scotland

It is known as “Dranite City” for its locally quarried granite stone which was used to build London's Houses of Parliament, Trafalgar Square, Waterloo Bridge and the Thames Embankment.

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5. Greyfriars Tower

Located: King’s Lynn, England.

Greyfriars Tower is one of only 3 remaining in the country and is the most attractive and complete.

Stone remains of a medieval Franciscan friary in peaceful surrounds with a garden.

The tower stands 93 feet high (roughly 28m). It is built of brick with ashlar quoins. The tower leans at a very noticeably angle, and not surprisingly has been dubbed the Leaning Tower of King's Lynn.

Open 24 hours.

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4. Colchester Town Hall

Located: Colchester, England

Built: 1902

It was designed by John Belcher in the Edwardian Baroque style and was opened by the former Prime Minister, the Earl of Rosebery in 1902.

The building design is Baroque and the 162ft Victorian towers were presented by industrialist James Paxman with a statue at the top of St Helena, Colchester's patron saint.

The Town Hall contains outstanding function rooms that are still used for their original civic purposes and are also available to hire for functions and weddings.

Open daily from 9 AM-5:30 PM. Closed on Saturday and Sunday.

The building is open to the public unless there are any civic or private events taking place.

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3. St Albans Cathedral

Located: St Albans, England

Opened: 1877

St Albans Cathedral, officially the Cathedral and Abbey Church of St Alban but often referred to locally as "the Abbey”.

Much of its architecture dates from Norman times. It ceased to be an abbey following its dissolution in the 16th century and became a cathedral in 1877. Although legally a cathedral church, it differs in certain particulars from most other cathedrals in England, is also used as a parish church, of which the dean is rector with the same powers, responsibilities, and duties as that of any other parish.

At 85 meters long, it has the longest nave of any cathedral in England.

Open Daily from 8:30 AM - 5:30 PM

Free Entry

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2. Norwich Castle

Located: Norwich, England

Founded: 1825

Founder: William the Conqueror

It was a medieval royal fortification in the city of Norwich, founded in the aftermath of the Norman conquest of England when William the Conqueror (1066–1087) ordered its construction because he wished to have a fortified place in the town of Norwich.

The conversion was undertaken by Edward Boardman and the museum opened in 1895.

The museum & art gallery holds significant objects from the region, especially works of art, archaeological finds, and natural history specimens.

Open daily from 10 AM-4:30 PM

Ticket: Prices are based on standard adult entry and may vary depending on the specific ticket types, dates, or eligibility for other discounts

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1. Fitzwilliam Museum

Located: Trumpington Street in Cambridge

Founded in 1816

Founder: Richard FitzWilliam, 7th Viscount FitzWilliam

The Fitzwilliam Museum’s antiquities allow you to immerse yourself fully in the fascinating customs of the Ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. You’ll find yourself transported from an Egyptian funeral circa 4500 BC to a seventeenth-century European battlefield.

The treasures of the museum include artworks by Monet, Picasso, Rubens, Vincent van Gogh, Rembrandt, Cézanne, Van Dyck, and Canaletto, as well as a winged bas-relief from Nimrud.

Open daily from 10 AM – 5 PM. Closed on Monday

Admission to the public is always free.

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The lowest elevation range in the UK. Twenty percent of the region is below mean sea level, most of this in North Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, and on the Essex Coast. Most of the remaining area is of low elevation, with extensive glacial deposits.

The Fens include the lowest point in the country in the village of Holme: 2.75 meters (9.0 ft) below mean sea level. This area formerly included the body of open water known as Whittlesey Mere. The highest point in the region is at Clipper Down at 817 ft (249 m) above mean sea level, in the far southwestern corner of the region in the Ivinghoe Hills.

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- One of England's nine recognized regions is the East of England.

- Geographic limits:

West: 0.8W

East: 1.8E

North: 53.1N

South: 51.4N

- The East of England begins where London ends. In other words, the East of England comprises the counties to the north and north-east of London, as well as the Wash-the north of Cambridgeshire. It contains the historical region of East Anglia, as well as the counties of Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire. In addition, the southern part of the region lies in the London commuter belt.
- Most of this region is very easy to reach from the Capital.
- The population map of all counties and unitary districts in the East of England: https://a.plumplot.co.uk/?tab=population_density_map_m&pc=13)
+ The population of the East of England region in 2020 (1) was 6, 269, 161.
(1)"England: region population 2020". Statista. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/294729/uk-population-by-region/

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6. Ely /'i:li/

Population: 20,112 people

Ely is a cathedral city in Cambridgeshire,England about 14 miles north-northeast of Cambridge and about 80 miles by road from London.

The city had been the center of local pottery production for more than 700 years, including pottery known as Babylon ware.

The Anglican Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity is known as the Ship of the Fens, a name inspired by the distant views of its towers, which dominate the low-lying wetlands known as "The Fens".

The city of Ely has been twinned with Denmark's oldest town, Ribe, since 1956. Ely City Football Club was formed in 1885.

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5. Chelmsford /ˈtʃɛlmzfərd/

Population: 168,310 people (2011)

Chelmsford is a city and the county town of Essex, in the East of England.

Chelmsford has a temperate oceanic climate climate classification, however due to the proximity to continental Europe, Chelmsford enjoys warm summers and cool but not cold winters.

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4. Cambridge /ˈkeɪm.brɪdʒ/

Population: 123,900 people (2011)

Cambridge  is a university and the country town of Cambridgeshires, England, on the River Cam approximately 55 miles North of London.

Undergraduate courses in social sciences, engineering, sciences and arts, and humanities are available at the institution.

Cambridge University is one of the most prestigious colleges in the world, and graduates with degrees from the university are highly sought after by companies in every profession.

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3. Peterborough (/ˈpiːtəbərə/)

Population: 183,600 people (2011)

Peterborough is a city focused on investment, growth, connectivity, and opportunity, and has an increasing reputation as the city of choice for major global players, SMEs and innovative start-up companies.

With access to London in 45 minutes and direct, fast trains to the north of the country, Peterborough boasts excellent transport links, world-class internet connectivity and exciting plans for growth.

Peterborough is one of the UK’s 4 future city demonstrators and home to the country’s largest cluster of environmental businesses. Through our smart city program, we’re changing the way our urban systems work and creating the UK’s environment capital.

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2. St. Albans (/ˈsānt ɔːlbənz/)

St. Albans is Hertfordshire's only city, with a majestic cathedral which dominates the horizon and overlooks an ancient park with lakes and rivers.

St. Alban was the earliest British saint, beheaded for sheltering a Christian cleric at the point where the cathedral stands today.

Much of the rest of the series was filmed in Hertfordshire too, with the characters living in nearby Abbots Langley.

Speaking of stars of pop groups, Paul Cattermole of S Club 7 (and later S Club 3) also hails from St. Albans.

And if One Direction and S Club are a bit too light for your taste, Enter Shikari also hail from the area.

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1. Norwich (/ˈnɒrɪdʒ/)

A thousand years ago, Norwich was the second-largest city in England, behind London, from the Middle Ages until the Industrial Revolution.

Norwich is the most complete medieval city in England. There's England's largest and most colorful outdoor market, built under the controlling eye of the 11th century castle nearby.

If successful, Norwich will become the world’s fourth City of Literature, joining Edinburgh, Melbourne, and Iowa.

Norwich has the largest walled center and longest run of medieval defenses in England.

Norwich Cathedral has the second-tallest spire in England, exceeded only by Salisbury Cathedral. During the Middle Ages there were 57 churches within the city wall.

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Yorkshire is a huge, ancient county where the accent and dialect have developed across hundreds of miles over hundreds of years. The Yorkshire accent is the name generally given to the group of English accents used by the majority of people in the English county of Yorkshire. The Yorkshire accent is unique and distinct; These places with accents are so strong you may need a translator.

The South

This South Yorkshire ex-mining town received more nominations by far than any other Yorkshire city, town, or village. People from neighboring Sheffield, and Rotherham, say they sometimes struggle to understand someone with a thick Barnsley accent.

The use of an 'ar' sound when other parts of Yorkshire use an 'ow' sound confuses many. For example, 'art' instead 'out'.

In some areas, especially in the southern half of Yorkshire.

There is a tendency to pronounce the diphthong /aʊ/ (as in mouth) as a monophthong [aː] (math). This is characteristic of informal speech and may coexist with the more formal [aʊ].

The West

Residents of this West Yorkshire town and its neighbors of Batley and Cleckheaton have a distinct way of speaking.

In parts of the West Riding, "none, one, once, nothing, tongue, among(st)" are pronounced with [ɒ] rather than [ʊ]. A shibboleth for a traditional Huddersfield accent is the word love as [lɒv], pronounced to rhyme with "of".

The East

In Hull, Middlesbrough, and other parts of the east coast.

The sound in words heard, nurse, etc is pronounced in the same way as in square, dare. This is [ɛː]. The set of words with /ɪə/, such as near, fear, beard, etc., may have a similar pronunciation but remains distinctive as [eɛ].

In Hull, Middlesbrough, and much of the East Riding.

The phoneme /aɪ/ (as in prize) may become a monophthong [aː] before a voiced consonant. For example, five becomes [faːv] (fahv), prize becomes [pʰɹaːz] (prahz). This does not occur before voiceless consonants, so "price" is [pʰɹaɪs].

The North

In the northern half of Yorkshire.

The local pronunciation of these words is [u:], but this is now less common than the RP [aʊ] in North Yorkshire.

In some areas of the Yorkshire Dales.

The FLEECE vowel can be eɪ so that it is [meɪ] and green is [greɪn].

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Annual events are held in Yorkshire, ranging from huge shows, musical events, sporting occasions, and cultural gatherings.

"The Harrogate Spring flower" show takes place each April at the Yorkshire showground.

-          It is considered one of the biggest gardening events in the UK.

-          There are numerous competitions, including the “best show garden,” “best flower arrangement” and for the most “innovative display”.

"The Food and Drink Festival" is held every May in the Yorkshire Dales.

-          Offers a wide variety of culinary and refreshment delights.

-          The festival also offers a variety of entertainment from cooking demonstrations by local chefs.

-          Marquee local animal and craft demonstrations take place on all days.

“The Great Yorkshire Show” is held every July at The Harrogate Showground.

-          This is the largest agricultural fair in England and organized by the county’s Agricultural Society.

-          The show holds several animal competitions.

-          The exhibition displays things from farm machinery and vintage cars.

-          Performing many musical performances, beer tents, food fairs throughout the three days.

Over in Leeds every August is "the Leeds West Indian Carnival"

-          The main event includes several parades with dancers wearing unique costumes.

-          Finally at Bramham Park is the Leeds Music Festival, which, among other events, makes for a popular three-day concert.

"The Whitby Gothic Weekend", held every two years in April and October.

-          It has been a feature of Whitby town since 1994.

-          It includes several gothic-themed events, markets, club nights, and live music.

-          It is one of the largest Goth events in the world and contributes an estimated £1.1 million to the economy of the town of Whitby.

"Christmas" in November is a great time to be in Yorkshire with a number of events around the area dedicated to the festive season.

-          From November Millennium Square in Leeds is lit up by  the Christmas market  a festive German Market.

-          It consists of over 40 stalls, selling food, gifts, toys and jewellery.

-          There is also live musical entertainment in the bierkeller, featuring oompah party bands and serving German ale.

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Traditional Ginger Beer is a sweetened and carbonated, usually non-alcoholic beverage.

Historically it was produced by the natural fermentation of prepared ginger spice, yeast and sugar, but current ginger beers are often manufactured rather than brewed.

Ginger beer is similar to ginger ale but infused with a more spicy ginger taste. Currently most ginger beer beverages are non-alcoholic so that anyone can enjoy them.

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Yorkshire Curd Tart is a specialty tart from the beautiful county of Yorkshire in Northern England.

Made with fresh curd, this variation of cheesecake is a way to use up leftover fresh curd from the cheese-making process.

The Yorkshire Curd tart is filled with currants and egg and makes a delightful teatime treat or served warm as a filling and delicious pudding.

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Yorkshire Parkin is a tasty gingerbread cake made with oatmeal and treacle.

While it is baked as a hard cake, it is eventually left to rest and it becomes moist and sticky and has been an incredibly popular delicacy of Yorkshire since 1728.

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Yorkshire pudding is a common English side dish, a baked pudding made from a batter of eggs, flour, and milk or water.

It is a versatile food that can be served in numerous ways with many different the size of the pudding, and the accompanying components of the dish.

As a first course, it can be served with onion gravy. It may be served with beef and gravy or  but can also be filled with foods such as bangers and mash.

Yorkshire pudding is part of the traditional Sunday roast.

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Yorkshire, the largest county in the UK, is centred around the city of York, which is world-renowned for its food culture.

Below we will explore some of the specialty foods of Yorkshire, starting with the famous Yorkshire pudding.

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Haworth is a villagein City of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England

The village is well known for the quaint cobbled main street lined by pretty independent stores make you feel as though you have stepped back in time, and the rough and rugged moorland that surround it make it a walkers paradise.

The long, cobbled main street of Haworth looking over beautiful countryside views is it’s centre and where you will find most of it’s history.

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The Yorkshire Dales is an upland area of the Pennines in the historic county of Yorkshire, England, most of it in the Yorkshire Dales National Park.

It is home to beautiful scenery, stunning castles and abbeys and a tranquil atmosphere. The stunning landscape is dotted with remote moorland, drystone walls and barns, each has its own unique charm.

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Robin Hood’s Bay is a historic fishing village nestled between the fissure of two cliffs on the North Yorkshire.

The quaint seaside village is well known for the cluster of red rooftops perched, the cute sandstone cottages, narrow streets, fantastic cliff walks and classic tea rooms.

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Whitby is probably the most well- known of the North Yorkshire Coastal towns and villages.

It is a charming seaside town in Yorkshire, North England.

When you visit this place, you should spend time to stroll over to the West Cliffs for a beautiful view, climb the 199 steps to St Mary’s Church and Whitby Abbey - be sure to take a pause as you’re walking up and admire the beautiful view and see the North Yorkshire Moors Railway’s old steam trains.

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Staithes is charming fishing village nestles in a cove with cliffs towering on either side which is a popular place for visitors in North Yorkshire.

When visiting this place you should wander the narrow streets, hike along the cliffs and the Cleveland Way to find the sweeping view of Staithes or hang out at the beach and get your tan on are the best ways to experience  one of the best views along the North Yorkshire Coast!

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The Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Saint Peter in York, commonly known as York Minster, is the cathedral of York, England, and is one of the largest of its kind in Northern Europe

With the tower reaching 72 meters into the sky, it dominates the skyline and many views of the city.

A great way to see more about this spectacular building is to go inside, where you admire its grandeur and the incredible craftsmanship of the Rose Window.

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Yorkshire  is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom .

In fact, even within Yorkshire, each area of has its own distinctive style. With a large variety of both attractions and unmissable events, Yorkshire is full of incredible things to do.

Here’s some helpful information to guide you in creating an unforgettable day out in God’s Own County.

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۝Yorkshire- A great place to purchase the British Dream House۞

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۝Yorkshire- A great place to purchase the British Dream House۞

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Yorkshire has the third-lowest house prices among the ten areas of England and Wales.

Yorkshire is a great place for the British to buy their dream home.

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Female life expectancy was 81.1 (England average of 81.7), ranking third

Male life expectancy was 76.9 (England average was 77.5), ranking third

=> When assessing the living circumstances of a region, people frequently base their assessment on the education and health level of its citizens.

=> The above study demonstrates that Yorkshire has a worse living quality than the overall average of England.

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In 2007

Residents with no credentials or qualifications < level 2

34% for those aged 19 to state pension age

one of the two highest in England.

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In 2007

Yorkshire and the Humber's Business

imported the fourth-lowest value of products of any English area

while exporting the third-lowest value.

spent £417 million on research and development (R&D)=> the least on R&D.

=> Yorkshire is a rural area in the United Kingdom, having a lower living standard than the average of the country.

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In 2007

Yorkshire and the Humber's economy

generated £87.4 billion in GVA (Gross Value Added: is a good measure of a region's economic production)

accounting for 7.2% of the UK total

GVA £16,900 per person, or 85% of the UK average

=> This was the lowest, apart from the North East, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

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Yorkshire's average wage is somewhat lower than the UK average, though only marginally.

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Because of its convenience, the car is still the best option in Yorkshire.

Besides, there are many air transportations in Yorkshire to serve citizens' needs.

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Cre: Map of the Rochdale Canal- waterways-uk

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The Rochdale Canal

climbs out of Sowerby Bridge

sheltered in the Calder Valley, with seductive moorland beauty on either side

before falling to Littleborough, across the border of Lancashire

reaches a high height of 600 feet (the peak of the entire canal network).

Alternatively, visit the Victorian heritage towns of Hebden Bridge and Todmorden.

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Cre: The Rochdale Canal- canalrivertrust.org.uk

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Cre: A shot of The Aire & Calder Canal- wikipediacommons

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The Aire & Calder Canal

A profitable business canal=> becoming increasingly popular for enjoyment boating.

The presence of tankers and coal boats in this canal makes environmental sense.

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Cre: Map of the Leed and Liverpool canal- waterways-uk

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The Leeds & Liverpool Canal

This is Britain's longest canal built as a single waterway.

After leaving Liverpool, the canal travels through East Lancashire, then through Pennine scenery and charming villages on the outskirts of the Yorkshire Dales before arriving in Leeds.

Thousands of visitors and walkers come each year to see the magnificent Bingley Five Rise Locks and the old salt town of Saltaire.

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A short route of Leeds and Liverpool Canal.

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Cre: Map of waterways in Yorkshire- waterways-uk

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Wensleydale Railway offers a excursion by steam train and vintage trains across 16 miles of magnificent Yorkshire scenery=> Yorkshire Dales National Park and Bolton Castle.

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Northern Rail

operates trains across the north

providing direct access to the North York Moors, Yorkshire Dales, Peak District, and coast.

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In 1983 a film documentary about the line was released, named 'Steam on the Settle & Carlisle'.

In March 2016 a fifty-minute colour documentary "The Long Drag", made in 1962 was released for free viewing on the British Film Institute website.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a12H63J6gC0