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-𝓙𝓮𝓷𝓲𝓮 𝓜𝓪𝓮 𝓒. 𝓜𝓪𝓭𝓻𝓲 ñ𝓪𝓷

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I. "Digital Divide and its Impact to Democracy"

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I. "Digital Divide and its Impact to Democracy"

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“It is dangerously destabilizing to have the world on the cutting edge of technology while the other half struggles on the bare edge of survival.”- William Clinton

Have you ever experienced being outdated? Are you unable to cope with the technology your surroundings have? This is called the digital divide. According to Katie Hanna, the difference in demographics and geographic areas with and without access to contemporary information and communications technology (ICT) is known as the "digital divide." It is when some part of society has the power to utilize technology and others cannot. It shows us that there are some people who are falling behind in the advancement of our community. It creates an invisible line that separates and divides society. Does the digital divide affect the democracy of a country?

The digital divide and democracy are interconnected; when the digital divide continues to spread, it could result in more serious problems with the democracy of a country. Democracy gives freedom to all individuals to choose and control the government. This also provides people with equality and justice. Due to this, we can express ourselves and our feelings towards the government that is leading our country. People can criticize and make comments about the system that has been implemented in the country. In these days, we have the ability to spread our words in a short period of time with the help of media technology. For instance, we can utilize the media to let anyone know what we need, what we want, and our feelings towards the leaders of our country. However, there are some communities or individuals that are not capable enough to have access to the internet. This could be the main reason why they can’t easily call for government help when they are in a state of calamity or disaster, which results in more damage and loss.

In addition, the digital divide also results in different levels of ability to acquire information. According to Katerina Cookson, when a society can have information about their surroundings in a short period of time, they can quickly make decisions about their future actions, and they could administer the uncertain future. On the other hand, people with little to no access to technology cannot have control, and they cannot plan the things they should do because they are not aware of the circumstances that society has. This means that due to the lack of capability to use the technology, an individual or society could experience more serious problems because they are not aware of the events that will happen.

Not anyone could obtain the same amount of information, help, and attention. There are numerous people who suffer and experience obstacles in life that become worse without any support. They can’t ask the government for help; democracy falls and loses its purpose. As an individual who has better access to technology, utilize it and be a helping hand to others who still seek advancement.

References:

Clinton, William J. (2000). Public Papers of the

Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton. Retrieve from: https://www.azquotes.com/quotes/topics/digital-divide.html

Cookson, K. (2020). Why are some people left

out of Digital Democracy. Democracy Blog. Retrieved from: https://blog.ethelo.org/edemocracy-and-the-digital-divide?hs_amp=true

Hanna, K. (2023). What is digital divide?

TechTarget Network. Retrieved from: https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/digital-divide

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- 𝓐𝓷𝓭𝓻𝓮𝓪 𝓡. 𝓟𝓪𝓷𝓰𝓪𝓷𝓲𝓫𝓪𝓷

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II. "The Opportunities, Threats, and Challenges of Media, Information, and Technology Literacy"

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II. "The Opportunities, Threats, and Challenges of Media, Information, and Technology Literacy"

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Media has been playing a vital role in each and everyone's lives. It is a tool we use to express, educate, communicate, share and gather information, and make ends meet. People use different medium to access information such as books, newspapers, and radios, or what we call "traditional media". Nowadays, technology has advanced and is one of the medium most people now use. Due to its capacity to cater everyone's demand, it is widely used resulting to continuous innovations.

We can see how much we can benefit by using the media to access information, specifically, the internet, but in the contrary, there are also consequences we might encounter. Opportunities, challenges, and threats are everywhere since almost everyone is a user of internet.

Opportunities. We, humans, always look for the brighter side of the things we encounter. Similar to how we utilize the internet, some people will use this to enhance their knowledge by making researches, establishing a business, and spread news where everyone should be updated. These opportunities can help us become a better being; therefore, we shouldn't miss any chances to grab these opportunities.

Threats. The threats of the internet are as numerous as how much users it has because everyone can be a threat based on how they use this. Some of these are cyberbullying, data privacy invasion, and increase of vulnerability to misinformation. These threats can be a big hindrance for the users to continue utilizing the internet making them indecisive which lowers the ability to make effective decisions and suspect everything they encounter on the internet.

Challenges. As we all know, technology has a fast-paced progression which makes it difficult for a lot people to catch up. Innovations are made through the challenges that people do encounter and complain about. One of the challenges that people experience is the algorithm of the internet. Algorithm is what makes a feed of a user complete. It easily brings you the content that you prefer even without inputting it. This can cause manipulation since you are only exposed to your existing beliefs and perspective which limits a person to grow and progress as a person. We should be exposed to different viewpoints for us to move forward and lead the innovation of the media.

In conclusion, these opportunities, threats, and challenges are always present when using the media; therefore, we should be wise and vigilant when using internet since we are dealing with different people which can contribute problems affecting not just ourselves, but also a lot of people we interact with.

References:

DepEd Tambayan. (n.d.). "Media and Information Literacy Module: Opportunities, Challenges and Threats in Media and Information". DepEd Tambayan. Retrieved from:

https://depedtambayan.net/opportunities-challenges-and-threats-in-media-and-information/

Oxillo, M. J. (2017). "Opportunities and Challenges of Media and Information - Media and Information Literacy (MIL)". SlideShare. Retrieved from:

https://www.slideshare.net/markjhonoxillo/opportunities-and-challenges-of-media-and-information

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- 𝓜𝓱𝓪𝓻𝓲𝓮𝓵𝓵𝓮 𝓐𝓵𝓮𝔁𝓪 𝓛. 𝓟𝓾𝓷𝔃𝓪𝓵𝓪𝓷

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III. "Boon and Bane of the Information Age"

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III. "Boon and Bane of the Information Age"

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We have an abundance of resources to easily gain information, which can be both a blessing and a curse in our existence. The information age has become a battlefield of struggle- it is a double-edged sword in other words. With advantages come it’s disadvantages, trust easily with what you read and watch online without verifying if they are facts or not will get you cut. You may also be a producer and consumer in this modern era, where your intentions and the authenticity of what you release on the internet will affect many, and whatever you consume shapes your way of living and decisions.

Blessings come in the form of access to modernized technology and vast knowledge. We have almost nothing holding us back when we need to look something up on the internet since it’s only a few taps of our fingers away. But could it be just a curse in disguise? It depends. The curse of the information age is the unrestrained ability of every individual to post online, not that there is anything wrong with the action, but as said earlier, it is the intention and effects that matter the most. Today we lack confidentiality, most people nowadays post and share whatever they want regardless of the consequences. However, we must keep in mind that oversharing can lead to a person’s ruin, be it your own or someone else’s. The internet is vast, when you post or share information, you are allowing multiple eyes to see into your private life and make assumptions about you and what you post.

Though the informational age of today allows us fast access to wide information and means of communication regardless of distance, this just proves how easy it is to get false information across. Knowledge, ever-innovating technology, and media are tools that should be used wisely since they can be both boon and bane of our existence. We need to be mindful of how we react to pieces of information given to us and must be aware of how we should properly handle them. If we address them correctly and utilize the factual information gained, we can achieve the goal and true purpose as to why modern technological advancements were even invented.

Reference:

Rosalina. (2023). 11 Reasons Technology is Both a Blessing and a Curse . . . Allwomenstalk. https://www.google.com/amp/s/lifestyle.allwomenstalk.com/reasons-technology-is-both-a-blessing-and-a-curse/amp.html

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- 𝓖𝓱𝓮𝓻𝓻𝓲𝔃 𝓓𝓪𝓷𝓲𝓮𝓵𝓪 𝓓. 𝓔𝓿𝓪𝓷𝓰𝓮𝓵𝓲𝓼𝓽𝓪 

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IV. "Information vs. Disinformation vs. Misinformation"

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IV. "Information vs. Disinformation vs. Misinformation"

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We often hear the phrase "knowledge is power." It is especially true in this modern era where we are so abundant in information. We are now living in a place where we are constantly faced with a bunch of information that we're having a hard time curating what to believe in. Through the internet alone we can access information on whatever topic we need to get our hands on. To put it simply, we're no longer l being deprived of information. When we talk about information it pertains to a set of factual data or details about someone or something.

Disinformation on the other hand pertains to spreading false narrative intentionally to manipulate a situation, change the narrative, manipulate the situation or take control of the media. It creates polarization as people's confirmation bias comes in, they will disregard all other information even if those are credible to believe on what they want to stand on. People who are victims of disinformation might even justify their beliefs or actions caused by that information just to prove a point. It can destroy reputation and turn people against something. Similar thing to disinformation is called misinformation. Misinformation pertains to spreading false narrative or information regardless of intent to mislead. If disinformation is a form of propaganda to mislead this one might be just our unconscious thing we never really get to think about. It is also about spreading false information but not on a bigger objective that causes harm to people, social groups, organizations or countries like disinformation does.

As information consumers, we should always strive for credibility. We might someday be a victim of disinformation created by someone or misinformation others created unknowingly. As we become aware what information, disinformation and misinformation is, we can not only avoid those ourselves but strive not to be part of spreading false information or misleading other people for our own agenda. Inaccurate information if used against something can lead to complete destruction. As we become more and more exposed online, knowledge is indeed a power as it prevents us from being a victim of false information.

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- 𝓙𝓱𝓪𝓼𝓶𝓲𝓷𝓮 𝓚𝓵𝓪𝓲𝓻𝓮 𝓥. 𝓢𝓪𝓶𝓪𝓻𝓲𝓽𝓪

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The Internet helps us to communicate, learn, access information and entertain. It is an amazing thing and source that provides a lot of information. But the internet has also a part that involves risks as we share information on the internet which sometimes causes the chance of being attacked. Increase hate and fake information which can lead to mental health issues, it also produces cyber bullying, threats and violations.

Anyone is able to say anything on the internet, spread fake information, incomplete or even misrepresentation can spread quickly and widely. Today, we can see that people have become manipulated into believing something nonsense and fake on the internet that are being posted online. As people get used to the amount of false information that is on the new media or internet, they may begin to lose trust in any kind of information that is presented. There are various malicious users and hackers on the internet that can steal your personal information and hack accounts, which can be used for identity theft and can be harmful for you personally. As the internet grows, users who have negative intentions are getting out of control and people who are less familiar with how the internet works are more vulnerable and often target of bad predators on the internet.

The Internet shows that there is a lack of understanding of the potential dangers of their personal data being collected online. This lack of understanding can cause people not taking precautions to necessary protect their personal data, which can lead to them becoming the victims of identity theft and other malicious activities. The internet can be an advantage and can be a disadvantage to anyone. It totally depends on how the person uses it. If the user is using it to gain knowledge or learning, it is an advantage for the user, but if the user uses it for bad intentions, threatening, or hacking, it is a total disadvantage and danger for the internet. Its proper use can improve the user's life and its improper use can be a disaster to someone. Overall, it totally depends on how or who the person uses it.

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- 𝓚𝓪𝓽𝓮 𝓜𝓪𝓻𝓲𝓮𝓵𝓵𝓮 𝓜. 𝓜𝓪𝓬𝓪𝓼𝓪𝓮𝓽

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Social media has transformed how we connect, communicate, and exchange information in the digital age and has become an essential part of our lives. But incredible authority also comes with great responsibility. Maintaining a positive online community and developing deep relationships require using social media responsibly.Using social media responsibly means being careful with the information we share and post. Before clicking the "post" button, it's important to stop and consider how our words and actions may affect other people. On social media platforms, hate speech, misinformation, and cyberbullying have all flourished and done genuine harm. Being responsible entails abstaining from such damaging actions and reporting them when you come across them.An important part of appropriate social media use is privacy. Our privacy settings should be adjusted to restrict access to our profiles, and we should be vigilant about what we share. In order to avoid identity theft, scams, and the exploitation of personal information, it is essential to protect our online identities. Appropriate use entails developing a feeling of community and encouraging constructive relationships. A more inclusive and peaceful online environment can be achieved by taking part in productive conversations, offering assistance to others, and providing insightful content. The urge for dissemination false information must be resisted, and information should always be verified before being shared. Using social media responsibly entails controlling screen time. Social media use too much can be harmful to mental health and increase feelings of isolation, anxiety, and sadness. Setting limits and finding a balance between online and offline activities are essential for overall wellbeing. Social media can be a powerful tool for connection and communication, but its responsible use is paramount. By being mindful of the content we post, protecting our privacy, fostering positive interactions, and managing our screen time, we can ensure that social media remains a force for good in our lives. Responsible use paves the way for a healthier and more meaningful online world.

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- 𝓙𝓪𝔃𝓶𝓲𝓷𝓮 𝓟. 𝓢𝓪𝓷𝓽𝓲𝓪𝓰𝓸

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VII: "Digital (Online) Games: Its Positive and Negative Effects" 

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VII: "Digital (Online) Games: Its Positive and Negative Effects" 

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The world of online gaming has become a popular form of entertainment, especially among teenagers, and it has a significant impact on those who partake in it. Whether it's intense FPS games like VALORANT or simpler puzzles like Candy Crush, these games have the potential to improve critical thinking skills. However, the effects of online gaming on players are complex, encompassing both advantages and disadvantages.

Online gaming acts as a stimulant for players' cognitive abilities. As stated by O'Connor (2023), these games often require strategic thinking, problem-solving, and quick decision-making. Players navigate through complex situations, anticipate outcomes, and adapt rapidly to changing circumstances. These mental challenges contribute to the enhancement of cognitive skills, including memory, critical thinking, and spatial reasoning. Furthermore, the social aspect of online gaming is noteworthy. Multiplayer online games create a space for social interaction and teamwork, making it easy to connect with a diverse range of players with a simple click. Players form connections with others, establishing alliances and friendships with people from different backgrounds. These interactions foster interpersonal skills, improve communication abilities, and cultivate teamwork, which can have practical applications beyond the gaming world and even lead to valuable relationships. Online games can also serve as a temporary escape from the stresses of daily life. Immersive digital worlds provide a brief respite from life's demands and pressures. Achieving in-game goals and overcoming virtual challenges can provide a sense of accomplishment, offering relief from stress and a boost in self-esteem.

However, online gaming also has its downsides. Excessive engagement or addiction is a common concern. The captivating nature of these games can tempt individuals to spend excessive amounts of time in virtual worlds. As a result, responsibilities and relationships may be neglected, and some individuals may develop compulsive gaming habits that disrupt their daily lives. Extended gaming sessions can also have negative health consequences. Players may experience eye strain, musculoskeletal problems, and disrupted sleep patterns. The sedentary lifestyle associated with prolonged gaming can lead to physical health issues such as obesity and heart problems. Maintaining a healthy balance between gaming and other responsibilities is essential to avoid these negative effects.

The world of gaming presents a dilemma. Entering it can expose you to various experiences and perspectives, and the outcome—whether it's positive or negative—depends on how responsibly you use it. As responsible teenagers, it's our duty to exercise self-control when using entertainment to combat boredom. Remember that moderation is key, as everything is beneficial in the right amount.

References:

O’Connor, E. (2023). 10 Advantages of online gaming. Telemedia Online. https://www.telemediaonline.co.uk/10-advantages-of-online-gaming/

Naik, S. (2023). Advantages and Disadvantages of online games. EDUCBA. https://www.educba.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-online-games/

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- 𝓔𝓭𝓮𝓷 𝓢𝓪𝓻𝓪𝔂𝓪𝓱 𝓐. 𝓡𝓸𝓫𝓵𝓮𝓼

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Artificial intelligence, or AI for short, is becoming more and more common in a variety of industries, including education, as technology advances. While there are many advantages to using AI tools, such as automating repetitive work and increasing productivity, certain questions have been raised about its use.

One of the main advantages of using AI tools in education is the automation of time-consuming tasks, such as grading, course creation, and research assistance. For example, chatbots can be used to answer frequently asked questions and grade essays quickly and accurately. This frees up time for instructors to focus on providing personalized feedback to students. Additionally, AI tools can help students organize their course materials, set reminders for deadlines, and even create study plans tailored to their individual needs.

Another benefit of AI tools is their ability to enhance student engagement. For instance, gamification techniques can be used to make learning more entertaining and immersive. AI-powered quizzes and games can help students reinforce their understanding of course content in a fun and interactive way. Additionally, AI tools can provide real-time feedback and personalized recommendations to students, making them more invested in their learning.

However, there are several issues that the broad use of AI tools in education also brings up. The potential for AI to restrict human interaction and emotional connection is one of the key problems. Students can become overly dependent on AI tools and lose their capacity for independent problem-solving and critical thought. Additionally, the reliance on AI tools may result in less contacts between students and teachers, which are crucial for a fulfilling educational experience.

Another concern with using AI tools in education is privacy and security. Student information, including grades, research data, and personal information, may be vulnerable to cyber attacks or data breaches. As such, there is a need for strong data protection policies and systems to ensure the safety of student information.

In conclusion, even though using AI technologies in education can have numerous advantages, such as automating tedious work and increasing student engagement, there are still worries about how they might affect security and interpersonal relationships. In order to ensure the safe and successful use of AI tools in education, it is crucial for educators and policymakers to carefully weigh the dangers and advantages of these tools.