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Vibration Reduction (VR) is an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake.

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Fisheyes are almost always used for underwater photography where there are no straight lines to worry about. They also produce sharper images with brighter colours than a rectilinear lens. Shooting the horizon? Depending on your composition, a fisheye can be used to enhance the curvature of the earth.

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Telephoto photography is a type of photography that brings distant subjects closer with the use of long focal lengths. While shorter focal lengths exaggerate subjects closest to you, telephoto lenses allow you to emphasize and bring faraway subjects closer, from people to wildlife to mountains.

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The term prime has come to mean the opposite of zoom—a fixed-focal-length, or unifocal lens. While a prime lens of a given focal length is less versatile than a zoom lens, it is often of superior optical quality, wider maximum aperture, lighter weight, and smaller size.

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What is a macro lens? A macro lens is a special type of camera lens that has the ability to work with very short focusing distances, taking sharp images of very small subjects. A true macro lens has a magnification ratio of 1:1 (or greater), and a minimum focus distance around 30cm.

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In photography, the golden hour is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the sun is higher in the sky. The golden hour is also sometimes called the "magic hour," especially by cinematographers and photographers.

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So, what exactly is the blue hour? It is that moment just before sunrise or after sunset when the sun dips below the horizon. This whimsical window of time is when a soft blue light fills the sky; creating a cool, peaceful setting that is every bit as beautiful as golden hour.

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A triadic color scheme comprises three colors that are equidistant from each other on the color wheel. If you were to join them with lines, they would form a triangle. The illustration below shows a 12-color wheel and the four different triadic color schemes you can make with it: Red, Yellow and Blue.

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Double exposure is a technique that combines two different exposures or images that are layered on top of each other. The image overlaid is less than full opacity so a bit of both images can be seen producing an almost ghost-like image.

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What is HDR photography? HDR stands for high dynamic range. Put simply, it's the range of light and dark tones in your photos. The human eye has a very high dynamic range — which is why we can see details in both shadows and highlights.

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A clipping path is a closed vector path, or shape, used to cut out a 2D image in image editing software. Anything inside the path will be included after the clipping path is applied; anything outside the path will be omitted from the output. Wikipedia

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Transform in Photoshop is a powerful feature that allows users to modify images or objects within the program to fit their creative needs. This essential tool enables resizing, reshaping, rotating, and moving elements within a document, making it a valuable skill for any Photoshop user.Dec 15, 2023

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In typography, kerning is the process of adjusting the spacing between characters in a proportional font, usually to achieve a visually pleasing result.

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The vertical space between lines of type is called leading. Leading is measured from the baseline of one line of text to the baseline of the line above it.

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Letter spacing, character spacing or tracking is an optically consistent typographical adjustment to the space between letters to change the visual density of a line or block of text.

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Selection tools in Photoshop are generally found on the left side of the Tools panel. If you can't find the selection tools on the left side, go to Edit > Toolbar. A dialogue box with toolbar customization options will appear.Mar 21, 2024

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The Sharpen tool focuses soft edges in a photo to increase clarity or focus. Oversharpening a photo gives it a grainy look. You can avoid oversharpening by setting a lower Strength value in the options bar.Jan 12, 2022

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The Blur tool allows you to paint blur effect on specific areas of an image. Select the Blur tool . Use the Options bar to customize tool settings, like Size, Hardness, and Strength, to get the effect you need. Click and drag over the part of the image you want to blur.May 23, 2023

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The Burn tool darkens areas of an image. The more you paint over an area with the Burn tool, the darker it becomes.May 23, 2023

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Dodging and burning are terms used in photography for a technique used during the printing process to manipulate the exposure of select areas on a photographic print, deviating from the rest of the image's exposure. Wikipedia

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A sponge is a cleaning aid made of soft, porous material. Typically used for cleaning impervious surfaces, sponges are especially good at absorbing water and water-based solutions. Originally made from natural sea sponges, they are most commonly made from synthetic materials today. Wikipedia

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The Smudge tool simulates a brush smearing wet paint. The brush picks up color where the stroke begins and pushes it in the direction you swipe or nudge it. Use the Smudge tool to gently reshape important edges into more appealing and softer lines. In the Photoshop toolbox, the Smudge tool is a pointing-finger icon.

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The Crop tool removes the part of an image surrounding the selection. Crop to remove distractive background elements and create a focus on your desired object in the image. When you crop an image, by default, the resolution remains the same as the original image.Dec 31, 2021

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The Straighten tool is designed for ease of use: You draw it across a line that's supposed to be straight, and then Photoshop will do the actual straightening for you. So find the reference line that I encouraged you to determine in Step 1, then drag the Straighten tool across!

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The Paint Bucket tool Mode setting allows you to create more advanced color fills for interesting effects and a higher degree of control. Choose from toolbar options like Darken, Multiple, Color Dodge, and more to create different effects.

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What is the Gradient tool in Photoshop? The Gradient tool allows you to create gradual changes of color and light across an image with power and precision. You can use different types of gradients to blend with or overlay other images to create stunning backdrops for logo designs, poster art, stylized photos, and more.

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The Horizontal Type tool allows you to add horizontal text to your images. Select the Horizontal Type tool (T) . Use the Options bar to customize tool settings, like Font Style, Font Size, and, Text Color, to get the effect you want. Add point text (to add a few words like a heading or title) or paragraph text.Nov 15, 2022

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1. a tool held in the hand and operated without electricity or other power.

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The zoom tool is used for magnifying a selected part of the image. The first option is called Auto-resize window. By default it's disabled. By enabling it, it will resize the window according to the size of the magnified area. Underneath are two other options, for zooming in or out.

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A brush tool is one of the basic tools found in graphic design and editing applications. It is a part of the painting tool set which may also include pencil tools, pen tools, fill color and many others. It allows the user to paint on a picture or photograph with the selected color.Mar 28, 2020

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- The rectangular marquee tool in Photoshop, of course, enables you to create selections of rectangular shapes, but there is a related tool called the elliptical marquee tool, that enables you to create selections that, of course, have elliptical or even circular shapes.Sep 10, 2018

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The Quick Selection tool allows you to quickly and easily select one area or section of an image.

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Polygonal Lasso Tool: This tool is used to select box shapes or flat edges, etc. This lasso tool creates a straight line in between each mouse click. So, just simply click on any edge of the area that you want to select and release your mouse pointer, this will create a starting point or anchor point.Mar 9, 2023

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What does the Magic Wand tool do? The Magic Wand tool automatically selects an object or area of your image, using machine learning to discern what you might be trying to select. If you click on the sky, it selects the sky; click on a person's face, and you have the entire face selected in just seconds.

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The regular Lasso tool is a freehand selection tool, which means it won't automatically snap to the edge of objects or try to predict what you want to select. Wherever you lay your lasso, that's where it will stay.

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The Healing Brush and Patch tools allow you fix imperfections, like scratches, wrinkles, dust spots, etc., causing them to disappear into the surrounding image. They work very much like the cloning tools. You sample pixels in one are of an image, then paint over another area replacing it with the sampled pixels.

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The Spot Healing Brush tool magically removes unwanted spots, marks, or small objects in your image. Photoshop selects and replaces pixels from another part of your image to blend in seamlessly.

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The Clone Stamp tool copies pixels from one area and applies them to another. Think about it as “copying and pasting,” but you're “pasting” the content by painting. When to use the Clone Stamp tool. The Clone Stamp tool is most effective when you need to copy exact detail from one part of an image to another area.

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What Is the Patch Tool? The Patch Tool is found in Adobe Photoshop and can be used to retouch your photos. It's classified under the Spot Healing Brush group because they have similar functions. But, while the Spot Healing Brush works by brushing on the image, this tool works by selecting a part of the image.May 14, 2021

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The move tool allows you to move objects. You can select layers with it, so if each of your objects is on a separate layer, this tool will move those objects just by clicking on them and dragging.

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the state of being strikingly different from something else in juxtaposition or close association.

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the state of being full of energy and life.

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the attribute of a color by virtue of which it is discernible as red, green, etc., and which is dependent on its dominant wavelength and independent of intensity or lightness.

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n photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors). An important goal of this adjustment is to render specific colors – particularly neutral colors like white or grey – correctly.

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the state or process that occurs when no more of something can be absorbed, combined with, or added.

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(in a theater) a piece of gauze cloth that appears opaque until lit from behind, used as a screen or backdrop.

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a piece of glass, metal, or other material for reflecting light in a required direction, e.g., a red one on the back of a motor vehicle or bicycle.

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Advanced Photo System type-C (APS-C) is an image sensor format approximately equivalent in size to the Advanced Photo System film negative in its C ("Classic") format, of 25.1×16.7 mm, an aspect ratio of 3:2 and Ø 30.15 mm field diameter

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What is full-frame? A full-frame sensor is most simply deﬁned by its sheer size—36 mm by 24 mm—and the distinctive look it makes possible.

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The crop factor is sometimes referred to as "magnification factor", "focal length factor" or "focal length multiplier".

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Layer masking is a nondestructive way to hide parts of an image or layer without erasing them. They're great for making image composites, modifying background colors, removing or cutting out objects, and targeting your edits so they affect only certain areas, rather than the entire layer.

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The term post-processing is used in the video/film business for quality-improvement image processing methods used in video playback devices, such as stand-alone DVD-Video players; video playing software; and transcoding software. It is also commonly used in real-time 3D rendering to add additional effects.

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Thumbnails are reduced-size versions of pictures or videos, used to help in recognizing and organizing them, serving the same role for images as a normal text index does for words.

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1. a set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

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denoting or relating to a camera that combines the optics and mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, rather than photographic film.

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A Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) file is a lossy raster file format that compresses an image to make the file smaller. JPEG files are some of the most popular and widely used image formats in the world.

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A Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) file is a lossy raster file format that compresses an image to make the file smaller. JPEG files are some of the most popular and widely used image formats in the world.

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What is a PNG file? PNG is short for Portable Network Graphic, a type of raster image file. It's particularly popular file type with web designers because it can handle graphics with transparent or semi-transparent backgrounds.

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A camera raw image file contains unprocessed or minimally processed data from the image sensor of either a digital camera, a motion picture film scanner, or other image scanner. Raw files are so named because they are not yet processed, and contain

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A file format is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. It specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium. File formats may be either proprietary or free

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SOOC is a photographer's abbreviation that stands for “Straight Out Of Camera.” It refers to images that are shown exactly as they were captured by the camera, with no post-processing applied whatsoever.Aug 4, 2023

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DPI refers to the number of printed dots contained within one inch of an image printed by a printer. PPI refers to the number of pixels contained within one inch of an image displayed on a computer monitor.Aug 21, 2019

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a firm decision to do or not to do something

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An aspect ratio is a proportional relationship between an image's width and height. Essentially, it describes an image's shape. Aspect ratios are written as a formula of width to height, like this: 3:2

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Cropping is the removal of unwanted outer areas from a photographic or illustrated image. The process usually consists of the removal of some of the peripheral areas of an image to remove extraneous

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Essentially, an Options bar is a horizontal menu at the top of the main Photoshop window that lets you customize a tool. Let's see an Options bar in action. Select the Rectangular (or any other) Marquee tool. At the top of the Photoshop window, you'll see a new row of icons and settings display.

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a horizontal bar, typically located at the top of the screen below the title bar, containing drop-down menus.

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A palette is a rigid, flat surface on which a painter arranges and mixes paints. A palette is usually made of wood, plastic, ceramic, or other hard, inert, nonp

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a strip of icons used to perform certain functions.

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displays a visual representation of your workspaces,

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a camera setting that establishes the true color of white.

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helps you override automatic exposure adjustments your camera makes in situations with uneven light distribution, filters, non-standard processing, or underexposure or overexposure.

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provides useful feedback to the radiographer about exposures delivered to the image receptor

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when you bracket your shots you take exactly the same picture of your subject at several different exposures.

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a specific part of the frame where the camera is able to focus on something

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Abstraction is a conceptual process wherein general rules and concepts are derived from the usage and classification of specific examples, literal signifiers, first principles, or other methods

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a brownish tone imparted to a photograph, esp an early one such as a calotype

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a brief evocative description, account, or episode.

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a stone set up beside a road to mark the distance in miles to a particular place.

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a dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

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By definition 18% gray is the “mid-point between black and white on a logarithmic or exponential curve.

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Evaluative metering is the mostly used automatic metering mode in everyday photography and can be applied in most shooting scenarios.

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In photography, the metering mode refers to the way in which a camera determines exposure. Cameras generally allow the user to select between spot, center-weighted average, or multi-zone metering modes.

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Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder,

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The most precise of the metering modes, spot metering evaluates light around the chosen focus point or centre of the frame.

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Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode, continuous mode, or burst shot, is a shooting mode in still cameras where several photos are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down.

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In cinematography and photography, panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right.

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Light painting, painting with light, light drawing, or light art performance photography are terms that describe photographic techniques of moving a light source while taking a long-exposure photograph,

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Time-lapse photography is a technique in which the frequency at which film frames are captured is much lower than the frequency used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images.

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Monopods are similar to tripods but they have a single leg instead of three.

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Motion blur is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, due to rapid movement or long exposure

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The Bulb setting on camera shutters is a momentary-action mode that holds shutters open for as long as a photographer depresses the shutter-release button.

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Shutter speed is exactly what it sounds like: It's the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes.

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In this camera mode, the photographer selects an aperture, and the camera chooses an appropriate shutter speed based on the available light.

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when a photographer manually designates a shutter speed for a given exposure, and the camera automatically chooses an appropriate aperture and ISO setting to go with that shutter speed.

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Manual mode means you're in charge of adjusting aperture — one of photography's most important elements.

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the camera still sets the exposure for you.

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It gives your camera complete control over its various settings, including the ISO, the aperture, the shutter speed, the autofocus mode, and even the flash