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A abrasion is a type of wound caused when the skin is scrapped or rubbed off by friction against a rough surface. Initial care: Clean the wound with water, remove dirt, and cover with a sterile bandage. Post care: keep the wound clean and covered, seek medical help if the wound is large, wont heal or infected

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A laceration is a deep cut or tear in the skin caused by a sharp object or impact. Initial care: Control bleeding, clean the wound, and cover with a sterile dressing. Post care: May need stitches or medical attention if deep, keep clean and monitor for infection.

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A Incision is a clean straight cut in the skin, usually caused by a sharp object like a surgical tool. Initial care: Control bleeding, clean the wound and cover with sterile dressing. Post care: may require sutures, keep clean, monitor for infection, and follow medical instructions if from surgery.

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A puncture is a deep narrow wound caused by a pointed object like a nail or needle. Initial care: stop the bleeding clean gently and cover with sterile bandage. Post care: See a doctor for possible tetanus shot, watch for infection and avoid closing the wound too soon.

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A avulsion is a wound where skin or tissue is torn away from the body. Initial care: Control bleeding, cover with sterile dressing, and save torn tissue if possible. Post care: Requires immediate medical care, many need surgery or stitches.

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A contusion is a bruise caused by blunt impact that damages blood vessels under the skin. Initial care: Apply ice and elevate the area to reduce swelling. Post care: Rest and monitor for increased pain or swelling, seek medical care if severe.

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Supplies: Gloves, sterile gauze, clean water/saline, antiseptic, bandage.

Steps: Wash hands and put on gloves, stop bleeding, rinse wound with water, apply antiseptic, cover with sterile dressing,

secure bandage, Wash hands.

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Signs: Redness, swelling, warmth, pus, bad odor, pain, fever.

Treatment: Clean, cover, and see a doctor; may need antibiotics.

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Pinch outside of one glove and peel off, Hold removed glove in the other gloved hand, Slide fingers under the wrist of the remaining glove and peel off

Dispose of gloves safely, Wash hands.

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Treat all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious. Wear gloves, wash hands, and use protective barriers when caring for a wound.

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A burn is injury to the skin caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation. Initial care: cool the burn with running water, cover with a sterile, non stick dressing, and avoid breaking the blisters. Post care: Seek medical care for severe burns, keep the area clean, watch for infection, and follow wound care instructions.

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A hematoma is a collection of blood under the skin caused by damaged blood vessels after an injury. Initial care: Apply ice and elevate the area to reduce swelling. Post care: Rest and monitor for pain or increased size, seek medical care if large or painful.

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Throw gloves, gauze, and bandages in a biohazard or sealed plastic bag.

Why: Prevents spread of infection.

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Protects from infection and keeps it moist for healing. Dressing changes: At least daily or if wet, dirty depends on wound type and doctor’s instructions.

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Before: Prevent germs from entering wound.

After: Remove germs picked up during care.

Steps: Wet, soap, scrub 20 seconds, rinse, dry.

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Signs: Blood spurting, soaking through bandages, dizziness. Immediate steps: Apply direct pressure, elevate wound, call for help if severe.