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What Is the Cause of Graduates’ Unemployment

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GRADUATES’ CHARACTERISTICS AND UNEMPLOYMENT A STUDY AMONG MALAYSIAN GRADUATES

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Unemployment among Malaysia Graduates_ Graduates’Attributes, Lecturers’ Competency and Quality of Education

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Main point:
The job fields with high intensity of labor market are accountancy, business management, human resources, and art.

Supporting detail:
In 2018, the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) conducted a survey regarding graduates' unemployment. Surprisingly, accounting programs are one of the top 5 courses with unemployed graduates. This is due to oversupply of accounting degree levels while the market is demanding for chartered accounting graduates.

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Main point :
Getting employment will be difficult during economic recessions.

Supporting Details :

When the economy's regular activity is interrupted, economic uncertainty exists. Instability erodes interest, resulting in lower investment, lower consumption, lower productivity, and higher unemployment.

At the same time, commodity price swings, interest rate fluctuations, confidence levels, stock market crashes and black swan events such as the Covid19 pandemic may contribute to economic uncertainty.

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Main point:
Gap between student’s developed skills and ability on campus and practical job requirements.

Supporting details:

The skills and experiences gained during college are not always sufficient for entry-level positions.

Vocational colleges provide students with a broader curriculum that allows them to improve their developed skills. Because vocational school focuses on practical skills

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Robots Will Take Our Jobs And We Need A Plan 4 Scenarios For The Future

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Syed Saddiq Wants Probe For Language Specific Job Ads In Industries That Don t Need It

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Panelist:

1st panel:
Dr. Amira - Lecturer Faculty of Accountancy from Universiti Teknologi Mara

2nd panel:
Puan Farah - Economics and Planning Manager from Sunway Group

3rd panel:
Puan Iffa - Human Resources Manager from MUI Group

4th panel:
Dr. Hayu - Lecturer Faculty of Education from Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI)

5th panel:
Miss Ayu - Manager and owner of Paradise Cafe

6th panel:
Miss Husna - Fresh graduates from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Moderator: Syameem Binti Mohd Rizal

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Main point:

Lack the necessary skills and qualifications to meet the needs of the industry. Besides, poor work performance and lack in technical and employability skills.

Supporting detail:

The majority of graduates struggle to apply what they learned in educational institutions to their jobs and they struggle with employability skills such as communication skills, particularly in English, as well as self-disciplined and leadership abilities.

Example:

Employers cite a lack of soft skills such as a positive work ethic, communication skills, teamwork, decision-making ability, and leadership as a key factor affecting Malaysian graduates' employability.

How to overcome this situation:

Graduates should acquire employability and technical skills because these two skills are very important to help them get jobs. Technical skills are important because they are the foundation that allows graduates to get jobs. While employability skill refers to a graduate's level of quality and personal insight. These two skills will increase the graduate's marketability and assist them in becoming a competent and competitive worker. Therefore, it is crucial for students to incorporate technical and employability skills during their study so that they can have better employment opportunities in the future.

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Main point : Lack of skills leading to job mismatch

Supporting details :

Graduates should join various programmes to develop skills to avoid job mismatch.

Job mismatch can decrease the work productivity, so it can lead graduates to getting fired due to not having the required skills.

Graduates do not have many choices of works in this competitive market, so, they have no option but to accept any opportunity given.

Graduates have to develop skills for the work which is different from the course chosen or what have been learned in university.

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Main point:
English proficiency among Malaysian graduates.

Supporting details:
Bahasa Malaysia is Malaysia's official language and almost all subjects in primary and secondary schools, as well as public universities, are taught in Bahasa Malaysia, local graduates may find it difficult to communicate in this language when they enter the "real world."

Example:

Bahasa Malaysia, is essential for securing good employment in Malaysia. However, it was discovered that 50% of Malaysian graduates performed poorly in terms of English language competency, communication and writing skills, and work attitudes.

To compete with graduates from around the world and increase their chances of finding decent employment, students must be well-equipped with excellent English communication skills.

How to overcome it:
Speaking in English in their daily lives and being brave whenever speaking in English.

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Main point:
Graduates who are empowered other than their mother tongue have bigger job opportunities compared to graduates who don't.

Supporting details:
With the heavy influence of Chinese businesses, the option to learn a language like Mandarin has created several job opportunities as Chinese companies look for translators to ensure that the right message reaches its millions of clients across the country.

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HIGH RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG GRADUATES IN MALAYSIA

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Factors Influencing Unemployment among Fresh Graduates

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Main point:

The quality of education, particularly at higher education institutions, also has an impact on the unemployment rate of Malaysian graduates. The primary contributor to the graduate unemployment problem is the failure to ensure educational syllabus or curriculum consistency with matters required in the job market.

Supporting detail:

The majority of university graduates were less knowledgeable, less skilled and were not incompetent in dealing with industry demands because their knowledge did not meet the needs of employers and their skills are not in line with the industry.

Example:

Some universities' courses may be overly theoretical, with insufficient industry collaboration or internships for students to gain hands-on experience.

Accounting students usually fresh graduates who just joined the auditing firm will go through a struggling period to learn the audit software because it is not taught in university and it will be hard to familiarize with the auditing procedures in order to carry out their daily work.

How to overcome this situation:

What educational institutions must do is provide curriculum and educational field components that are aligned with the required workplace skills so that graduates can find jobs that match their skills and qualifications. Employers also suggested that the curriculum at higher education institutions be revised because many of the graduates produced by the institutions did not meet a satisfactory level of job competencies

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Main Point :
Lack of work experience

Supporting details :

Anyone seeking a job must have prior work experience as many companies, especially in the private sector, are more likely to give experience-based candidates the edge over highly qualified graduates with only academic experience.

Many employers claim they do not want to suffer any loss because of the lack of experience of their employees, thus they do not provide the fresh graduates the chance to try out.

Trained staff do not require training or courses because they already possess the required skills which reduce the expenses borne by the employer.

Conclusion :

Many graduates are unemployed because of employer attitudes that favor work experience.

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Main point:
Demanding attitude among graduates

Supporting details:

Some of them are being too picky about the position or job offered to them as they are unable to accept the position which is said not to meet their expectations as compared to their level of education.

Some of them are being too demanding about wages. They make an unrealistic request for a high income for their first job despite the fact that the industry's standard is lower.

Some of them are even looking at the compensation package offered, such as allowances and non-monetary benefits as well.

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1) Amira Noor Faryzza Binti Kamarulfaris (2022923967)

2) Ayu Khaidirah Binti Adnan (2022912947)

3) Farah Dhania Huda Binti Mohamad Shafawi Bong (2022919913)

4) Iffa Alisya Binti Alias (2022981827)

5) Nuruhayu Atirah Binti Osmera (2022987771)

6) Nur Nazatul Husna Binti Abdul Rahman (2022970809)

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Main point :
Employers prefer fresh graduates who have the necessary knowledge, skills, attitudes and experiences.

Supporting details :

Employers are always hiring unemployed graduates based  on  their  CGPA  marks,  gender,  age,  culture,  and  race. For example, the manager hired the best employee, such as a topper at university with a high CGPA.

Employers'  market  demand  expects  job candidates'  eager  graduates  and  highly  motivated, confident, try  to  develop  their  careers  and improve productivity.

Mncayi, (2016) study stated that unemployment happens because employers are more willing to hire workers with experience.

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Main Point :
Location and Work Mobility

Supporting details :

Compared to youth in cities, youngsters in rural areas face challenges such as fewer work options, financial inequality, and difficulty in  hiring women.

Generally, the B40 group (those earning less than RM4,850) makes up most of the population in rural areas, which they find difficult to enter the workforce due to lack of information about job opportunities, lack of close contact for jobs, and lower pay.

Rural poverty and a lack of employment possibilities cause productive youngsters to migrate to larger cities or engage in work mobility.

Conclusion :

As migration has grown, there has been more rivalry, which has raised the unemployment rate among Malaysian graduates.

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Writer, G. (2022, June 7). 7 Ways to Quickly Improve Your English Language Skills. Top Universities. https://www.topuniversities.com/student-info/studying-abroad/7-ways-quickly-improve-your-english-language-skills

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References:

1. Hanapi, Z., & Nordin, M. S. (2013). UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG MALAYSIA GRADUATES:GRADUATES’ATTRIBUTES,LECTURERS’ COMPETENCY AND QUALITY OF EDUCATION. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042814012865/pdf?md5=6b321141ab8fd7cfa8e7ea0af76deb0c&pid=1-s2.0-S1877042814012865-main.pdf

2. Lee, T. H., Ling, C. C., Lim, Y. M., & Cham, T. H. (2019, September). University Education and Employment Challenges: An Evaluation of Fresh Accounting Graduates in Malaysia. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tat-Huei-Cham-2/publication/340451099_University_Education_and_Employment_Challenges_An_Evaluation_of_Fresh_Accounting_Graduates_in_Malaysia/links/5faae0ea92851cf7dd0ca3bc/University-Education-and-Employment-Challenges-

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Determining Unemployment Factors Among Job Seeking Youth in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

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UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG GRADUATES IN MALAYSIA