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David Solis
Period:3
Disease:Alzheimer's

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Alzheimer's Disease is a disease that causes memory loss.

Not just memory loss it can affect basic functions like language reasoning and social behavior.

(source 1 and 2)

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It does this by first destroying neuron's connections involved with memory.

After it affects many systems in the body.

For example the cerebral cortex(A part of the hippocampal memory system).

The hippocampal memory system is a gateway for many other systems.

(source:3)

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The Apolipoprotein E gene is the gene that is the most common to carry Alzheimer's disease. (source 4 and 5)

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Out of the 23 pairs of chromosomes, APOE ɛ4 can be located in chromosome 19. Most people usually have 2 pairs of this chromosome. (source 6, 7, and 8)

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Amyloid Plaque is the protein involved with Alzheimer's disease.

Protein is misfolded.

Protein forms in the spaces between nerve cells.

(source 9, 10, and 11)

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Inability to learn new things.

Difficulty with language and problems with reading, writing, and working with numbers.

Memory lost.

Lost in basic functions.

Change in behavior.
(sources 12, and 13)

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1:nia.nih.gov.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-happens-brain-alzheimers-disease#:~:text=At%20first%2C%20Alzheimer's%20disease%20typically,%2C%20reasoning%2C%20and%20social%20behavior.

2:nia.nih.gov. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Life-and-Death-Neuron#:~:text=Neurons%20are%20information%20messengers.,rest%20of%20the%20nervous%20system.

3:scholarpeadia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Entorhinal_cortex#:~:text=The%20entorhinal%20cortex%20is%20part,hippocampal%20formation%20and%20the%20neocortex.

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4:nia.nih.gov.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-disease-genetics-fact-sheet#:~:text=Late%2DOnset%20Alzheimer's%20Disease&text=However%2C%20having%20a%20genetic%20variant,of%20fat%20in%20the%20bloodstream.

5:wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_19#:~:text=Chromosome%2019%20is%20one%20of,the%20building%20material%20of%20DNA.

6:nia.nih.gov.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-disease-genetics-fact-sheet#:~:text=APOE%20%CE%B54%20increases%20risk%20for,3%20percent%20carry%20two%20copies.

7:nature.com. https://www.nature.com/articles/mp201090#:~:text=The%20Apolipoprotein%20E%20(APOE)%20%C9%9B4,middle%2Daged%20and%20elderly%20subjects.

8:nia.nih.gov.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-happens-brain-alzheimers-disease#:~:text=Amyloid%20Plaques,thought%20to%20be%20especially%20toxic.

9:wikipedia.org.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid_beta

10:wikipeadia.org.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid-beta_precursor_protein

11:news-medical.net.

https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Amyloid-Plaques.aspx#:~:text=Amyloid%20plaques%20are%20aggregates%20of,memory%20and%20other%20cognitive%20functions.

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12:nia.nih.gov.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-happens-brain-alzheimers-disease#:~:text=Alzheimer's%20disrupts%20processes%20vital%20to,the%20entorhinal%20cortex%20and%20hippocampus.

13:nia.nih.gov.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-are-signs-alzheimers-disease

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14: alz.org
https://www.alz.org/blog/alz/february_2016/why_does_alzheimer_s_disease_affect_more_women_tha#:~:text=Women%20are%20disproportionately%20affected%20by,with%20Alzheimer's%20disease%20are%20women.

15: cdc.gov.
https://www.cdc.gov/aging/publications/features/Alz-Greater-Risk.html#:~:text=Alzheimer's%20disease%20is%20the%20most,65%20with%20younger%2Donset%20Alzheimer's.

16:alz.org

https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#:~:text=Dementia%20is%20a%20general%20term,help%20those%20affected%20by%20Alzheimer's.

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What is the amount of people that have Alzheimer's disease in the United States?

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What is the amount of people that have Alzheimer's disease in the United States?

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More than 5.8 Million people have Alzheimer's disease in the United states of America. (Source 14)

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The age its most common is 65 or older. 5.6 Million people have Alzheimer's Disease in the United States. (Source 15)

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Women are more prone to Alzheimer's Disease than men.

It's almost a two times difference.

This is because they have a chromosome that is more likely to have the gene discussed earlier.

There are less than 200,000 younger than 65 that have Alzheimer's Disease.

(source 16)

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17:psychiatry.org.
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients

18:mountsinai.org.
https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/neurocognitive-disorder

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Alzheimer's Disease is a neurocognitive disorder.

A neurocognitive disorder is a disorder that makes you to have a decreased mental function.

(source 17 and 18)

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19nibib.nih.gov.
https://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-education/science-topics/computed-tomography-ct#:~:text=The%20term%20%E2%80%9Ccomputed%20tomography%E2%80%9D%2C,slices%E2%80%9D%E2%80%94of%20the%20body.

20:nia nih.gov.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/how-alzheimers-disease-diagnosed#:~:text=Perform%20brain%20scans%2C%20such%20as,other%20possible%20causes%20for%20symptoms.

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There is many computed tomographies that goes into. For example,

(CT), magnetic resonance imaging

(MRI), or positron emission tomography

(PET). All of these mostly check the brain.

(source 19)

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It's a narrow beam of x-rays.

Check for specific parts of the body.

For example the brain.

(Source 20)

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It is a drug that travels to the brain to remove amyloid-beta. This is the only medication to help treat Alzheimer’s. (source 21)

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Its a therapy mainly used for cancer but it can also be used for  Alzheimer's Disease. It boost your key immune cells. (source 21)

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21:nia.nih.gov.
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/how-alzheimers-disease-treated#:~:text=Aducanumab%20is%20the%20only%20disease,brain%20lesions%20associated%20with%20Alzheimer's.

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The Alzheimer’s family care.

non-profit organization.

located in Huntington Beach, CA.

Phone-number: (714) 593-9630.

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22:Ealthline.com.

https://www.healthline.com/health/alzheimers-disease/charities-making-a-difference

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How long have we known about Alzheimer’s?

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How long have we known about Alzheimer’s?

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We have known this since 1906.

It was discovered by Dr. Alzheimer.

Advanced therapy and medication.

(source 22)

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23:healthline.
https://www.healthline.com/health/alzheimers-disease/charities-making-a-difference

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organizations that help with alzheimer's

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organizations that help with alzheimer's

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Alzheimer's Association.

founded by Jerome H. Stone.

incorporated on April 10, 1980.

(source 23)

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24:verywellhealth.com.
https://www.verywellhealth.com/famous-people-with-alzheimers-98082

25:.alz.org.

https://www.alz.org/media/documents/about-the-alzheimers-association-b.pdf

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Mabel Albertson, actor.

Dana Andrews, actor.

Charles Bronson, actor, film director.

James Doohan, actor.

Arlene Francis, actor.

Mike Frankovich, film producer.

Rita Hayworth, actress.
(source 24)

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Walk to End Alzheimer's.

Held by more than 600 communities.

Raise awareness.

Raises funds.

(source 25)