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enzyme cofactor is a molecule/ion that isnt a protein, but it is required for the activity of an enzyme

Enzymes cofactors are helpers for enzymes.

They are metal ions or small organic molecules.

These help speed up the chemical process.

A cofactor is a non-protein molecule that supports a biochemical reaction. Cofactors can take the form of metal ions, organic substances or other molecules with beneficial characteristics not typically present in amino acids.

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As the temperature increases the speed of reaction will also increases. When the temperature decreases so does the speed of reaction.

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This diagram shows how temperature increases the rate of reaction in enzymes but then slows down the rate of reaction before killing the reaction away when the temperature gets too hot.

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Enzymes are like workers in a factory, and substrates are the materials they work on. The more materials (substrates) you have, the more work (reactions) the workers (enzymes) can do. So, when there's a lot of substrate around, enzymes are busy and work faster. But if there's not much substrate, enzymes have less to work with, so they work slower. In summary, as substrate concentration increases, the rate of enzyme activity also increases until a point where all the enzymes are working at their maximum capacity, and after that, adding more substrate won't make the enzymes work any faster.

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When the pH changes, it alters the shape of the enzyme.

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For every enzyme, there is an ideal pH value, at which the specific enzymes functions best. When the pH changes, this messes with the structures of those enzymes.

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pH has a significant affect on a enzyme as when the pH changes outside of its range the enzyme will slow down.

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The impact of substrate concentration on enzymes is often described by the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Initially, as substrate concentration increases, so does the rate of enzyme activity, as more substrate molecules are available to bind with enzymes. This relationship is linear. However, as substrate concentration continues to increase, the rate of enzyme activity reaches a maximum, known as Vmax, where all enzyme active sites are saturated with substrate. Further increases in substrate concentration beyond this point do not increase the rate of reaction, as the enzyme is already working at its maximum capacity.

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Temperature affects enzymes by changing their activity and shape

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How does increasing enzyme concentration affect enzyme activity?

The higher the enzyme concentration, the more enzymes there are to form enzyme-substrate complexes, leading to an increase in enzyme activity.

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Inhibitors are substances that affect the enzyme's catalytic function, causing it to slow down or cease catalysts.

The presence of inhibitors can impact enzyme function by either reducing or completely halting the enzyme's activity. This occurs through various mechanisms such as competitive inhibition, where the inhibitor competes with the substrate for the enzyme's active site, or non-competitive inhibition, where the inhibitor binds to a site other than the active site, altering the enzyme's shape and thus its function. Overall, inhibitors can slow down or prevent enzymatic reactions, affecting the rate at which substrates are converted to products.

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Tempreture can effect Substrate concentration in reaction rate, denaturation, optimal temperature and thermal stability.

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Ah, got it! Basically, as you add more substrate to the mix, the rate of enzyme activity goes up. But eventually, the enzyme gets maxed out, and adding more substrate won't make it work any faster.

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Increasing temperature can increase the rate of chemical reaction

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enzyme concentration affects enzyme function because the higher the enzyme concentration, the more enzymes they are to form enzyme- substrate complexes, which lead to an increase in enzyme activity.

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1. Enzymes are protein molecules.

2. They have a specific active site.

3. Substrates bind to the active site.

4. Enzyme-substrate complex forms.

5. Enzymes lower activation energy.

6. Products are released.

7. Enzymes remain unchanged.

8. Work optimally under specific conditions.