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Zachary Taylor is elected, last ever Whig to be elected

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Columbus arrives in San Salvador Island

-Marks the start of the Columbian Exchange

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Spain sets up encomiendas, forced labor of Natives

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Spain sends conquistadors & Armada

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Founding of Roanoke Island by Sir Walter Raleigh

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The Spanish Armada is defeated by England

-Colonization of America begins soon after

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Dissaperence of Roanoke, the "Lost Colony"

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Jamestown is founded

-Joint Stock Company, investor-backed

-backer company is the Virginia Company

-Led by Captain John Smith

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Martial Law is enacted in Jamestown,

-Powhatan Confederacy aides Jamestown

-tobacco and cash crops save Jamestown from extinction

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The Headright System

-50 Acres of land given to a plantation over that sponsors people to America's. They became indentured servants, VERY POPULAR at this time period.

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House of Burgesses created, This is the first Government in the colonies

-white property-owning males could vote

-slavery also begins in the English colonies at this time

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The separatists known as the Pilgrims, leave England.

-Arrived at Massachusetts Bay in the Mayflower

-Founding of Plymouth

-Creation of the Mayflower Compact

-Settlers received aid from Indians to further their settlement

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The first Congregational church organized in the Massachusetts Bay

-"City on the hill" idea with puritans

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Roger Williams is banished from Massachusetts

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Roger Williams founds the colony of Rhode Island

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Maryland Act Of Toleration

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Connecticut receives a royal charter to be a colony

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New York becomes a colony

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Bacon's rebellion begins

-Settlers V Indians issue

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Pennsylvania is founded by William Penn, Quakers

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In 1691, the Proprietors appointed a governor for all of Carolina and a deputy governor for its northern half, and this arrangement provided better administration. In 1712, North and South Carolina were officially divided.

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The Great Awakening Starts

-Jonathan Edwards  was a Congregationalist , “sinners in hands of angry God” ,fire & brimstone

-message was about Hell and predestination

-George Whitefield , Methodist  , Christianity  ,emotionalism and spirituality

-seen in southern evangelism

Enlightenment  =  rationalism

emotionalism & spirituality

-Ben Franklin  ex of enlightenment man

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Albany Plan

-Not accepted

Start of the Seven Year's War

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End of Seven Year's War, Treaty of Paris

-Britain wins and leads to anti-British sentiment

Proclamation of 1763

-forbids colonial settlement past the Appalachian Mountains

-angered colonists

-end of salutary neglect

-turning point of British-Colonial relations

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Sugar Act-"No Taxation without Representation"

Currency Act-Colonists could not print their own money

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Stamp Act

-tax for revenue

-broad tax covered legal documents too

-affected almost everyone, especially literate and lawyers

-taxed goods made in the colonies

“No taxation without representation”

British response, virtual representation in britian

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Stamp Act repealed

Declaratory Act passed-Parliament can tax and legislate in all cases anywhere in the colonies

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Townshend Act

-taxed goods imported from Britain

-paid for government officials’ salaries

-more vice-admiralty courts created

-suspended NY legislation

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Townshend Duties repealed

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Boston Massacre

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Boston Tea Party

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Coercive Acts (“Intolerable Acts”)

-closed Boston port; except for essentials

-colonists had to house soldiers

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First Continental Congress  =  all but Georgia

goals  -determine grievances

-address actions to grievances such as boycotts

-Parameters which were considered Parliamentary interference

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Battles of Lexington (first battle) and Concord (American colonists held off British “shot heard ‘round the world”)

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The battles of Lexington and Concord were fought on April 19, 1775. British troops marched from Boston to Concord to confiscate some colonial arms in this battle. Paul Revere and other midnight riders sounded an alarm and rounded the minutemen. The minutemen then intercepted the British in Lexington. The colonists had won this battle. A significant fact was that the “shot heard ‘round the world” was fired here.

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2nd Continental Congress

-established continental army

-printing $

-established government offices for policies

-George Washington is the leader of the army

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The Battle of Bunker Hill occurred on June 17, 1775. The British were planning to occupy the hills around Boston, in the Seige of Boston. Some 1000 colonists built fortifications out of dirt on top of Breed’s hill to stop the British from occupying the hills. The inexperienced colonists had lost this battle but had inflicted a good amount of casualties. This resulted in them getting a confidence boost

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Olive Branch Petition

-America wants reconciliation with Britain

-last attempt to avoid armed conflict

-King George III ignored it

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Thomas Paine publishes his 'Common Sense', VERY IMPORTANT!

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Thomas Jefferson commissioned to write Declaration of Independence

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The Deceleration of Independence is signed

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December 26, 1776, the Battle of Trenton occurred. 1,400 Hessian troops were stationed under the command of Colonel Johann Rall. His men were very exhausted, and possibly drunk, from the Christmas celebrations. Washington commanded the Colonial army and won this battle. Trenton was important because Americans took prisoners, arms, and supplies for the fight for Freedom. The famous crossing of the Delaware River also happened in this Battle.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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Saratoga happened in the months of September and October 1777. It included the battle of Freeman’s Farm and Bemis Heights. The battle of Saratoga gave a major morale boost, and convinced the French, Spanish, and Dutch to fight against their common enemy. The Continental Army won the Battle of Saratoga.

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Articles of Confederation

-1st central government

-lacked ability to tax, declare war, form a military

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Franco-American Alliance

-negotiated by Ben Franklin

-brings French into war on the colonists side

-because of battle of Saratoga

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On January 17, 1781, the Battle of Cowpens was fought. As Tarleton’s men fought the colonists, Morgan had told to the military to engage with the British. But to leave the front lines after two rounds were shot. The British misinterpreted this and ran into an unexpected volley of concentrated rifle fire accompanied by a charge of the returning militia. The colonists had won and provided an important morale boost.

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The final battle in the American revolution, the Battle of Yorktown, occurred on October 19, 1781. The colonial army had begun a siege on Yorktown and forced a surrender of General Cornwallis. After the surrender a resolution was passed in March 1782, to end the war. The treaty of Paris was signed on September 3, 1783, which marked the official end of the war.

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Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the war and giving America their independence

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Constitutional Convention

-NJ plan,modifications

-Virginia plan, checks & balances

-Great Compromise, bicameral

-House of Representatives is according to population

-Senate, 2 per state

-3/5ths Compromise

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The US Constitution is ratified

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Constitution is in effect

Election of Washington

-cabinet Jefferson (Secretary of State), Hamilton (Treasury)

events

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-Hamilton’s financial plan to reduce debt

Start of the 2nd Great Awakening

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Creation of the 1st National Bank, a charter for 20 years.

Bill of Rights is added to the US Constitution

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Democratic-Republican Party Formed

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Proclamation of neutrality by George Washington, to the war between France and Britian

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Pinckney’s treaty

-Treaty between the U.S. and Spain which gave the U.S. the right to transport goods on the Mississippi river and to store goods in the Spanish port of New Orleans.

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Washington's Famous Farewell address

John Adams is inaugurated as the 2nd President

XYZ AFFAIR

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Alien and Sedition Acts

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Virginia and Kentucky Resolution, deemed alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional

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Midnight Judges Appoitments, leads to Marbury v. Madison

Thomas Jefferson is elected

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Marbury v. Madison

-Established Judicial Review within the Supreme Court

Louisiana Purchase

-Lewis & Clark

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Jefferson is re-elected as president

-British impressment of sailors

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Embargo Act of 1807, Hurt US Economy

-closed U.S. ports to all exports and restricted imports from Britain

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Non-Intercourse act of 1809, Replaced Embargo act of 1807

-It allowed the resumption of world trade with the exclusion of trade with England and France, thus barring French and British vessels from American ports.

James Madison takes Office

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The US declared war on Britain, known as the War of 1812,

War was declared because of...

-British impressment of sailors

-Trade interference

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Hartford convention

-Resulted in the start of the downfall of the Federalist party

Treaty of Ghent created in Belgium

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Battle of New Orleans, Under General Andrew Jackson, the US won this battle.

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End of the War of 1812, Treaty of Ghent.

Treaty of Ghent ratified in the US

-British relinquished their claims in North America

-'Inflated' American egos

Start of the 'Era of good feelings'

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Henry Clay proposes his American System

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Henry Clay's American System was in place

-Federally Funded internal improvements

-Federal Tariffs

-2nd Bank of the US

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James Monroe gets inaugurated into office

War of 1817

-People who lived in Florida crossed the border and raided Us territory.

-Andrew Jackson was sent and this was known as his Florida Campaign

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Units

Exam Weighting

Period 1: 1491-1607

4-6%

Period 2: 1607-1754

6-8%

Period 3: 1754-1800

10-17%

Period 4: 1800-1848

10-17%

Period 5: 1844-1877

10-17%

Period 6: 1865-1898

10-17%

Period 7: 1890-1945

10-17%

Period 8: 1945-1980

10-17%

Period 9: 1980-Present

4-6%

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You will have 3 question choices from 3 different time periods. You will choose 1 to respond to.

Option 1 focuses on topics between 1491-1800(Period 1-3)

Option 2 focuses on topics between 1800-1898

Option 3 focuses on topics between 1890-2001

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McCulloch V. Maryland

Declared:

-A state cannot tax a federal bank

-National law trumps state laws whenever they contradict

Panic of 1819

-Unemployment mounted, banks failed, mortgages were foreclosed, and agricultural prices fell by half. Investment in western lands collapsed.

Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819

-US Gains Spanish Florida

-Defined western border of the Louisiana purchace

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Missouri Compromise/Compromise of 1820

-Missouri would be admitted as a slave state

-Maine would become a free state

-36*, 30 Parallel

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Monroe Doctrine established

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Corrupt Bargain

-Henry Clay puts his support behind John Quincy Adams and becomes secretary of state

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End of the 'Era of Good Feelings'

John Quincy Adams is elected

Start of the Temperance Movement

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Tariff of 1828 aka 'Tariff of Abominations'

-The tariff of 1828 raised taxes on imported manufactures so as to reduce foreign competition with American manufacturing. Southerners, arguing that the tariff enhanced the interests of the Northern manufacturing industry at their expense, referred to it as the Tariff of Abominations.

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Andrew Jackson's presidency starts, "Era of The Common Man"

-Universal white man sufferage

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Indian removal act is passed

-Trail of tears

Rough start of the abolition movement

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Alot of the topics in Period 5 overlapped to period 6, so they are in the OVERLAP section instead. Make sure to remember that period 5 was about, Focuses on the social and political effects of the antebellum period, the Civil War, and Reconstruction

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Nat Turner's Rebellion, Failed

-Resulted in stricter Black Codes on African-Americans

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Tariff of 1832 and nullification issues

-In November 1832, the Nullification Convention met. The convention declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 unconstitutional and unenforceable within the state of South Carolina after February 1, 1833. It was asserted that attempts to use force to collect the taxes would lead to the state's secession.

2nd Bank of the US Charter Vetoed by Jackson

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Founding of the Whig Party

-Anti democratic party

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Martin Van Buren becomes President

Panic of 1837

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End of the 2nd Great Awakening

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John Taylor becomes president

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End of the Temperance Movement

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Rough end of the abolition movement

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Texas is annexed to the United States

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Period 1, 2, 3, and 4

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Polk becomes president and is credited with annexation of Texas

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The Oregon Treaty with Britain

-Establishes the Northern Border of the US

-US acquires, OR, WA, parts of ID, WY, MT

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Start of Mexican-American War, Reasons:

-Disputed boundaries

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End of the Mexican-American War

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexican Cession

-15 million dollars for California,Arizona,Nevada,Colorado,Utah, NewMexico