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The majority of oat milk consumers are European and North American, therefore these units have the greatest access and volume of oat milks. Due to this, many European products are transported by train/lorry due to no need for boats or aviation. Due to the packaging and processing, the storage of products for transport doesn't necessarily require chilling.

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In 2020, Oatly lost a major trademark infringement against a small, family-owned oat milk brand

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The leading oat milk brand, Oatly, was boycotted by members of the public in 2020 after it sold shares to a private equity firm, which have ties to Donald Trump supporters.

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Due to its simple ingredients list, relatively high retail price and simple production method, many consumers have began making their own oat milk using processed oats. This introduces more competition to the market which drives down prices. It is even more sustainable than buying the milk as it reduces food miles etc.

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as most oat milk packaging is cardboard and hard plastic, it is normally fully recyclable. This is encouraging for consumers, and often cheaper for manufacturers.

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oat milk packaging is rarely designed to appear similar to dairy milk, and instead is sold in cartons. This is to allow consumers to easily distinguish between them, but also means a smaller volume of milk can be sold at a higher price.

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-oat milk can be sold in gable top and brick cartons, which have different processing which affects their storage temperature and shelf life, often affecting product pricing
-oat milk is rarely stored in glass or cans as it has to be further processed

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-competition with dairy milks
-with other dairy alternatives such as soy, almond, hazelnut, cashew, rice and hemp milk
-widely popular due to mild taste, creamier consistency and lowest environmental impacts

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Rises in demand for variety, and more dairy-alternatives of loved products, has led to more processing. Competition with the dairy market to provide the same nutrients (e.g. calcium) has also led to more processing.

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In 2020, the EU expanded on laws that prevent dairy alternative products using descriptive phrases on packaging. One such change is a ban on the use of "milk" on non-dairy products. They claim it is to prevent misleading information and introduce clarity for consumers, but it comes from pressure from dairy farms lobbying to reduce market competition.

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relatively, competition is focussed within nations, rather than between corporate giants. While brands like Oatly and Alpro are globally popular, smaller and local brands are continuing to grow and occupy the market. Supermarkets also produce their own branded oat milks, often making them much more affordable.

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compared to soy and almond milk, the growth for oat milk has been slow. However, it is very steady, with soy and almond now seeing declines, oat milk continues to grow in popularity.

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-many consumers prefer oat milk to other alternatives due to the perceived lower environmental impact
-as 'scottish oats' are a staple item in British food culture, oat milk may be perceived as 'local' so consumers think it is travelling a shorter distance to reach supermarkets
-oat milk has a lower water demand than almond, hazelnut and rice milks. It is threatened by hemp milk, which uses even less water.
-the dairy industry is increasingly being exposed as unsustainable due to animal welfare, land use, greenhouse gases, disease incidence, water demand

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Oat milk is often a substitute for dairy milk as it is suitable for lactose-intolerant consumers.

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-low in calories, cholesterol, saturated fat
-higher protein and fiber than cows milk

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Due to location of oat crops, many of the largest oat milk producers are the same as that of oats. However, there are a number of European and North American corporations who are well-known for oat milk (such as Oatly and Alpro).

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-Russia accounts for over 20% of global oat production
-Canada, Poland, Finland and Australia are also major producers
UK is in top 10 of producers

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Extensive range of uses for oats, including beer, oatmeal, oat milk, livestock feed, pasture, skincare etc.

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often packaged in cartons, with different packaging having different processing needs

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- other additives, such as chocolate/sweetener/calcium/vitamins
- heat treated to extend shelf life
- homogenised to make smooth

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- oats mixed with water
- milled
- enzymes added to break down starches
- separated to remove oat husks

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-Oats planted in early spring/summer
-Phosphate and Urea fertilisers often used
-Very disease-resistant
-Kernels harvested when turn green to cream
-Harvested by swathing

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Oatly has a patent on their process for manufacturing oat milk, which is unique because it preserves the beta-glucans from the oats.

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Raw materials = oats, water, salt*, sweetener*, additives*