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It has been estimated that eight million horses and one million dogs died during the First World War.

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Over the years a range of animals have made an invaluable contribution to Australia’s military history.

The Australian War Memorial in Canberra also has a monument acknowledging the contribution of animals in war.

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Canaries were used to detect poisonous gas and pigeons were also helpful to send messages.

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It has been estimated that eight million horses and one million dogs died during the First World War.

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Australian soldiers adopted a variety of animals and birds as mascots and pets. They served as morale boosters and provided a familiar and welcome source of comfort and consolation. They included wallabies, kangaroos, rabbits, possums, parrots, cockatoos and kookaburras.

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When waging war against each other, human armies often enlist the aid of the animal kingdom. In past conflicts, horses, elephants, and camels hauled men and supplies; pigeons carried messages; dogs tracked enemies and protected troops

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Ambulance horses carried wounded soldiers and artillery horses carried weapons, ammunition and other heavy loads. They had to be strong. Here allied cavalry troops' horses are lowered down in a sling onto the quayside as they arrive in Salonica, Greece.

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Scout dogs led troops through enemy territory, exposing ambushes and saving the lives of platoons of men. In the throes of combat, war dogs proved their intelligence, courage, and steadfast loyalty time and time again.

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Marine war dog cemetery, Guam

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Donkeys, camels, mules and even elephants were used to transport soldiers, weapons, ammunition and food. Homing pigeons were employed to convey messages, and dogs to track the enemy and locate injured soldiers. Even European glow worms made a contribution to the war effort; soldiers in trenches would keep a jar of glow worms to read with by night.

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This is casualty dog - they were trained to find wounded or dying soldiers on the battlefield. They carried medical equipment so an injured soldier could treat himself and they would also stay beside a dying soldier to keep them company.

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Sentry dogs stayed with one soldier or guard and were taught to give a warning sign such as growling or barking when when they sensed danger near camp.

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Over the years a range of animals have made an invaluable contribution to Australia’s military history.