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Exploring the Law: Have students group up and research a specific law and/or set of laws. Have them present on the law itself, its applications, challenges to the law in court, and its effect on society.

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Exploring the Law: Have students group up and research a specific law and/or set of laws. Have them present on the law itself, its applications, challenges to the law in court, and its effect on society.

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Arising out of what is sometimes referred to as the Skokie Affair, is a United States Supreme Court case dealing with freedom of speech of assembly

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Under common law, to constitute defamation, a claim must generally be false and must have been made to someone other than the person defamed.

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Some common law jurisdictions also distinguish between spoken defamation, called slander, and defamation in other media such as printed ords or images, called Libel

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All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the States wherein they reside

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Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. The amendment is meant to safeguard Americans against excessive punishments

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In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States

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A direct at the overthrow of government. It includes speech attacking basic institutions of government, including particular governmental leaders. It criminalization dates back to at least as far as the Alien and Sedition Act.

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In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and direct wherein the crime shall have been committed, which direct shall have been previously ascertained by law

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The United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into interment camps during World War 2 regardless of citizenship

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No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, exept in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia

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Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happened "by fact" rather than by legal requirement

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The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable serches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particualry describing the place to be serched, and the persons or things to be seized

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A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedome of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redess of grievances

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The Supreme Court had to decide if states could give money to religious schools to hire teachers even if it was specified that the teachers couldnt teach religion. The very first amendment in the consitution deals eith freedome of religion

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Judicial suppression of material thatwould be published or broadcast, on the grounds that it is libious or harmful. In US law, the 1st Amendment serverly limits the ability of the government to do this

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Refers to the section of the 1st amendment italicized her: Congress shall make no law repecting an establishment of religion

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RAtional Basis review is a tst courts may ise to determain the constitutionality of a statute or odinance. To pass rational basis review, the challenged law must be rationally telated to a legitimate government intrest

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The 6th Amendment right to consel is a fundemental right applied yto the states via the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution's due process clause, and requires that indigent crminal defendants be provided consel at trail. Supreme Court of Florida reversed

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U.S. Supreme Court case from 1896 that upheld the rights of state to pass laws allowing or even requiring racial segregation in public and private insitutions such as schools, public transportsation, restrooms, and restaurants

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A controversial ruiling made by the Supreme Court in 1857, shortly before the outbreak of the Civil War. Dred Scott, a slave sought to be declared a free man on the basis that he had lived for a time in a "free " territory with his master

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A landmark decision issued in 1973 by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of the consitutionality of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions

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A landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

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The former practice of segregating black people in the US

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an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in realation to employment or education; positive discrimination

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Determines the qualification of a voter based on his/her his ability to read and write or ability to read and understand any section of the State or Federal Constitution

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A landmark case in criminal procedure, in which the United States Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable serches and seizures," may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state court

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A phrase in the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution requiring that states guarantee the same rights, privliges, and protection to all citizens

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The 5th amendment right against self-incrimination requires law enforcment officials to advise a suspect interrogated in custody of his or her rights to remain silent and to obtain an attorney

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a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing seperate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional

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a landmark United States Supreme Court case that ruled it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encorage its recitation in public schools

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COnstitutional doctrine through which the first 10 amendments of the United States Constitution (known as the Bill of Rights) are made applicable to the states through the Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

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A legal term in United States law used to describe actions that purposfully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it

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Bakke contended that he was a victim of a racial discrimination. The COurt ruled that Bakke had been illegally denied adminission to the medical school, but also that medical schools were entitled to consider race as a factoe in administrations.

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Resonable grounds (For making a search, pressing a charge, ect

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Seperation enforced by law, while de facto segregation occurs widespread individual prefrences, sometimes backed up with private pressure, lead to separaation

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A class of individuals that have been historically subject to discrimination

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Pure Speech in United States law is the communication of ideas through spoken or written words through conduct limited in formn to that necessary to convoy the idea. it is distinguishing from symbolic speech or "Speech Plus," which involves convoying an idea or message through behavior

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The prosecutiion of a person twice for the same offense

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Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement

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The clause in the First amendment of the US Constitution that prohibits the establishgment of religion by congress

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A law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial