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summary of brainstorming ;
possible situation

all the possible situations mentioned above are environmental concerns and problems that are extremely important and relevant in the world today as they are all becoming more of a rising phenomenon each day

possible solution

the possible solutions are all regarding what materials to use where they are all environmentally friendly and safe, meaning that they are all recyclable/

possible audience

the main audience in this case are young adults who are all connected to the environment somehow. either they are working in the environment sector such as organisations and ministries, or they are just environmentally sensitive people.

possible product

there are many possible products mentioned above in the brainstorming image which are all related to a more sustainable and eco-friendly environment and living.

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bibliography of brainstorming;

https://recycle.ab.ca/newsletterarticle/edible-biodegradable-packaging/

http://lucidenergy.com/how-it-works/

http://cks.in/our-approach/

http://www.designindaba.com/?page=4

https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/top-25-environmental-concerns.php

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goal

creating a product with the use of environmentally safe materials that helps solve the problem of scarcity of pure water and water pollution in a country like india where pollution of water is a very big problem.

role

my role will be as a design student working towards making the environment a better and more safer place to live in

my role is also as a manufacturer working towards creating a sustainable product

audience

the audience in this case would be environmentally sensitive organisations or NGO's

situation

currently, India is a country where water pollution is a very big crisis, all the water bodies that we have here are filled with a number of harmful chemicals and due to this another issue has risen and that is the scarcity of pure water. with more and more rivers and oceans being polluted, less and less pure water is available especially in rural areas and villages. the higher class citizens at least get the privilege of pure water but the lower class citizens in small villages don’t and this is why they require a product that helps them purify water on their own.

product

a solar water disinfection tool or machine is a product wherein it is a type of portable water purification that uses solar energy to make biologically-contaminated water safe to drink.

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in todays day and age, water is a necessity but mankind is taking this necessity for granted and due to this countries like India are suffering from scarcity of pure water. our oceans, rivers and other water bodies are filled with harmful chemicals that have completely contaminated them. this not only affects the marine life but it also affects us people, especially the people from rural parts of the country who don’t have any mechanisms to purify water. is there a product that can help these people in these villages purify water on their own? can sustainable materials or renewable energy related products help in the purification of water?

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Dr. Aditya Dev Sood is a social entrepreneur with a background in Design and Social Sciences. He is the CEO of the Center of Knowledge Societies, an innovation firm which focuses on user research, user experience design, design strategy and systems innovation. The interview with him really helped me get more clarity on what the environmental sector of the country looks like, what are organizations aiming for, what are some good environmentally friendly products and what are some environmental concerns that need a lot of focus at the moment. In addition, not only did I gain factual and conceptual knowledge but, the interview also gave me more reasons behind why I should design a solution towards helping the environment by purifying and saving water in the first place.

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factual questions

what are some sustainable materials that can be used to purify water?

which parts of India require water purification the most?

how is water purification done by solar energy?

can plastic be used to create a solar water purifier?

what are some risk-factors involved with solar energy?

what are some limitations to this product?

how will the product appear?

what features and functions does the product need?

conceptual questions

does a solar water disinfection tool solve thr problem of water scarcity?

will customers use this as a means to solve water purification in their own homes?

debatable questions

will water purification occur through the use of solar energy?

will people in small towns and villages be able to use solar energy as a way to purify water?

will plastic be a good material to use in this scenario?

has solar energy worked in the past?

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primary research

interviews

surveys

secondary research

video recordings

voice recordings

books or textbooks

websites

magazines

newspapers

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primary resources

interviews -

strengths - many people can be tested quickly. It is easy to generate quantitative data and easy to analyse.
weakness - people may not tell the truth, especially on sensitive issues, for example, sexual behaviour.

surveys

strengths - detailed information can be obtained and avoids oversimplifying complex issues.
weakness - difficult to analyse if unstructured and qualitative in nature

secondary resources

video recordings

voice recordings

books or textbooks

websites

magazines

newspapers

strengths -

It saves efforts and expenses.

It helps to make primary data collection more specific since with the help of secondary data, we are able to make out what are the gaps and deficiencies and what additional information needs to be collected

It helps to improve the understanding of the problem.

It provides a basis for comparison for the data that is collected by the researcher.

weaknesses -

Official statistics may reflect the biases of those in power – limiting what you can find out.

Official statistics – the way things are measured may change over time, making historical comparisons difficult (As with crime statistics, the definition of crime keeps changing.)

Documents may lack authenticity– parts of the document might be missing because of age, and we might not even be to verify who actually wrote the document, meaning we cannot check whether its biased or not.

Representativeness – documents may not be representative of the wider population –especially a problem with older documents. Many documents do not survive because they are not stored, and others deteriorate with age and become unusable. Other documents are deliberately withheld from researchers and the public gaze, and therefore do not become available.

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primary research

interviews with people in that particular field

interviews with the client

survey of the target audience, which are environmentally sensitive organisations or NGO’s, or, young adults who are environmentally sensitive.

secondary research

analysing exciting products

looking at organisations regarding the topic

researching on the situation and problem

analysing different materials

analysing exciting methods and techniques

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title ; the importance of innovation
key concept ; development
related concept ; ergonomics
global context ; scientific and technical innovation
statement of inquiry ; applying scientific information when designing and adapting products can help to improve a user’s experience.
link ; https://padlet.com/sumit_chopra087/cn401s4fvv4h

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interview with Patty Johnson

Patty Johnson is a designer and educator who is interested in the interchange between research, design, commerce and culture. based in the US and Canada, she collaborates with start-ups, manufacturers, governments, and other designers to create unique design programs and product collections. After my interview with her, I gained a lot more knowledge about what kind of materials I should be using, examples of existing products and projects and what the impact of the product will be.

survey (i) - https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/7WWKZ8K

this first survey is all about the issue of water scarcity and the purity of water. the survey will contain questions related to what kind of methods can be used to purify water, what kind of tools and machines it will require. why it is such a big problem in our country and what can we change through do something about it.

survey (ii) - https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/7WWKZ8Y

this second survey is all about what the target audience feels about the product. this survey will contain all the questions related to water scarcity and the product which is a solar water disinfection tool.

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what are some methods to purify contaminated water?
what are some organisations that help in water purification?
applicability of solar water disinfection
what are some benefits and limitations to this product?
analysing products

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summary
After conducting both my primary and secondary research, I was able to extract a lot of knowledge and understanding about how I should create my solution towards conserving and purifying water. All these inquiries led me to a greater depth of clarity and understanding about the features, the audience, the product, the goal and the situation as a whole. Together, all the research has helped me immensely and allowing me to focus on what I actually want to create, how I will create it and what is the outcome that I want.

bibliography
- http://all-about-water-filters.com/great-ways-how-to-purify-water-for-drinking/

- https://www.cdc.gov/safewater/solardisinfection.html

- https://www.osborneindustries.com/news/the-difference-between-thermoplastic-and-thermosetting-plastic/

- https://www.nobelprize.org/educational/chemistry/plastics/readmore.html

- http://time.com/4229503/plastic-in-microwave-is-it-safe/

- https://www.sswm.info/sswm-university-course/module-6-disaster-situations-planning-and-preparedness/further-resources-0/sodis

- https://www.goodnet.org/articles/1000

- https://water.org/about-us/our-work/

- http://water.columbia.edu

- https://waterislife.com

- http://www.puremadi.org/PureMadi/Welcome.html

- https://www.charitywater.org

- http://www.miya-water.com/en/

- https://www.threeavocados.org

- https://www.goodnet.org/articles/5-amazing-inventions-that-deliver-clean-water-videos

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In this project, I will be designing and making a product, specifically a solar water disinfection tool or machine wherein it is a type of portable water purification tool that uses solar energy to make biologically-contaminated water safe to drink. This product will be made in order to help conserve water and purify water several parts of the country, but more specifically in rural areas of the country through the use of ergonomics.

The solar disinfection tool will contain transparent water bottles made out of Polyethylene terephthalate

such as the plastic bottles in which soft drink beverages are soldthat are filled with water from any contaminated sources. The bottles will be placed on a stand that will be created accordingly to its exposure to the sun as that is how the solar energy will be used to purify the water. The treatment efficiency will be better if the plastic bottles are placed on sunlight reflecting surfaces, such as corrugated aluminum or zinc roofs. This can increase the water temperature by about 5°C and allow the purification process to happen a lot faster.

If the water bottles are not exposed to sunlight for the proper length of time, the water may not be safe to drink and could cause illness. After treatment, the water can be consumed. Apart from the practicality, the product will also be aesthetically pleasing and appealing to the consumers as it will incorporate minimalist features and a mix of colours that go together. The materials used would be plastic for sure and in addition to that, either wood or bamboo could be used for the stand of the product. My designed devices may need human intervention such as regular maintenance. If specific designs need human intervention, I will make sure to make the product user friendly and if the use of the product is complex, I will also design and create a manual for the solution to ensure it being used correctly. While they will accompany many design features, I will make sure to minimise the production cost that will be spent while manufacturing of the device. I will try to limit the production cost to about Rs. 500 and if it exceeds, I will explain and justify cheaper alternatives that will be able to replace the existing mechanism which I used and reduce the total fixed cost of the product.Furthermore, there has been some concern over the question whether plastic drinking containers can release chemicals or toxic components into water, a process possibly accelerated by heat. Although, recent research studies have examined different types of plastic in the water during solar exposure. The levels of concentrations found in the water after a solar exposure of 17 hours in 60°C water were far below the guidelines for drinking water and in the same magnitude as the concentrations of phthalate and adipate generally found in high quality tap water. Hence, the plastic bottles and materials are safe to be used.

In conclusion, the product is a part of sustaining the environment against a man- made calamity; hence it is also important that the product promotes, campaigns or advertises water conservation and environmental sustainment.

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connection to global context
The scarcity of pure water is already one of the biggest phenomenon’s the world is facing today, especially under-developed and developing countries such as India for instance, and if this issue is not addressed with the growing population, it will only lead to more problems regarding water in the future. Through this design project, I plan to design and create a ‘scientific and technical innovation’ where in I will use solar energy to purify water in order to help the environment sustain from this problem. As seen in the globalized world of today, innovations are extremely important for the growth and development of a country and the entire purpose of innovating is to increase the efficiency of existing products in the world. Through this mind set and way of thinking, I as an individual would want to improve the current status of water scarcity and water pollution in India with different, yet unique product.