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The Romans had 3 branches of government in their republic. The executive branch of the government consisted of 2 consuls, who were elected annually. The legislative branch of the government was the Senate. The Senate had consisted of 300 patricians. The judicial branch was made of 6 judges who were elected every two years.
CItes:
https://www.penfield.edu/webpages/jgiotto/onlinetextbook.cfm?subpage=1666288
http://www.world-history-education-resources.com/ancient-rome/rome-judicial-ancient-branch.html
https://qph.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-bb28da0b6256841151d68b0c2060e0bc-c

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The Romans had created written laws. These written laws were called the Twelve Tables. These laws were made in 450 B.C to attempt to make a code of law. These laws protected citizens under the Roman Republic and made treatment among citizens equal.
Cites:
https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.timetoast.com/public/uploads/photos/9561891/di-QXTAMM.jpeg?
1486897382
https://www.ancient.eu/Twelve_Tables/
http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/12tables.html

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One of the most fundamental ideas of all of the Roman Empire's history was there republic. A republic is a system in which citizens vote for leaders. Men were the only people who were able to vote. The two classes of Rome were the plebians (lower-class) and the patricians.
CItes:
http://www.ushistory.org/civ/6a.asp
https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/politicsandwar/images/c/ce/Roman_Republic_Flag.png/revision/latest?cb=20170518002825

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Wealthy Romans usually had filled their homes with bright paintings. Some Romans even had artists paint directly on the walls, and without a canvas. Many Roman paintings were destroyed over time. Some of the Roman paintings were saved in Pompeii.
Cites:
https://www.ducksters.com/history/art/ancient_roman_art.php

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Busts were also very common. Busts are sculptures of just a head.  Busts could be used to show lineage. Busts could show lineage by having busts of ancestors.
Cites:
https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1551/9675/files/augustus-roman-emperor-bust.jpg?11511570474728835379
https://www.ducksters.com/history/art/ancient_roman_art.php

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The Romans were heavily inspired by the Greeks, especially in art. The Roman wanted to make their art very realistic. One of their most common pieces of artwork were sculptures. Sculptures were found in many places such as public parks, public buildings, and gardens and even private homes.
Cites:
https://www.ducksters.com/history/art/ancient_roman_art.php
"Medieval to Early Modern Times" (7th Grade World History Textbook)
https://www.statuesandsculptures.co.uk/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/r/o/roman-gladiator--goddess-stone-sculpture--large-garden-statue_2.jpg

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Rome is known as the city of domes. The first dome of Rome was the St. Peter's  Dome. The St. Peter dome is found on the image posted above. The dome had a diameter of 42 meters and was 130 meters high. Many monuments of Rome had domes, like the Pantheon.
Cites:
https://www.walksinsiderome.com/upload/CONF36/20160128/xSt._Peter_s_Dome.jpg.pagespeed.ic.z4GRZUwKTt.jpg
https://www.walksinsiderome.com/en/blog/about-rome/rome-the-city-of-domes.html

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One of the most common pieces in architecture in Rome was the column. There were four types of columns in Rome. These were the Corinthian, Ionic, Tuscan, and Doric. The Doric and the Tuscan columns were very plain. The Corinthian columns were very fancy, and the Ionic columns were famous for their scrolls and how tall they were.
Cites:
http://www.empirerome.com/wordpress/?page_id=273

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Architecture was very big in Rome. One of the most influential innovations the Romans made was the arch. The Roman Arch was made of a special type of concrete, produced by mixing lime and volcanic sand. The Roman arch was made to hold up incredible amounts of weight.
Cites:
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR-pw_2Kf7WjABQ0EpIw3R-fOZ-VgLQdBLq3OAMTM4r_Q6EPrhl
https://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/ca/books/bkf3/writing/06_romarch.pdf

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The Romans had connected to "cities, ports, mines and neighboring civilizations" through bridges. The first Roman bridges were made out of logs and stone. Soon, this massive update reached Greece, where " builders and mathematicians discovered new ways of molding the weight of bridge material into structures that could remain strong enough to carry incredible weights."
Cites:
http://www.historyofbridges.com/bridges-history/ancient-bridges/

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The Romans had conquered many lands in their time. Permanent roads were so vital to Rome as roads were ways to move armies and trade. The Romans had covered over 400,000 km with roads.
Cites:
http://www.crystalinks.com/romeroads.html/

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The Romans were innovators, and had minds that contributed to their economy. One of the Romans greatest developments were aqueducts. An aqueduct is a channel that moves water from fresh water supply to a city. The fresh water supply that Rome used was a spring located 16.4 km away from the city.
Cites:
http://www.crystalinks.com/romeaqueducts.html