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June 28th
Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated

July 28th
Austria declared war on Serbia

August 1st
Germany declared war on Russia

August 3rd
Germany declared war on France and started invading Belgium.

August 4th
Britain declared war on Germany

August 23rd
Germany invaded France.

September 6th
TheBattle of the Marne started

October 18th
First Battle of Ypres

October 29th
Turkey entered the war on Germany’s side. Trench warfare started to rule the  Western Front.

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January 19th
The first Zeppelin raid on Britain took place

April 25th
ANZAC troops landed in Gallipoli

May 23rd
Italy declared war on Germany and Austria

September 25th
Start of the Battle of Loos

December 19th
The allies started the evacuation of Italy

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January 27th
Conscription introduced in Britain

February 21st
Start of the Battle of Verdun

July 1st
Start of the Battle of the Somme

September 15th
First use en masse of tanks at the Somme

December 7th
Lloyd George becomes British Prime Minister

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February 1st
Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare campaign started

April 6th
USA declared war on Germany

April 16th
France launched an unsuccessful offensive on the Western Front

July 31st
Start of the Third Battle at Ypres (Passchendaele)

November 6th
Britain launched a major offensive on the Western Front

December 9th
Britain captured Jerusalem from the Turks

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March 3rd
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed between Russia and Germany.

July 15th
Second Battle of the Marne started. The start of the collapse of the German army.

September 19th
Turkish forces were defeated at Megiddo

October 4th
Germany asked the Allies for an armistice

October 30th
Turkey made peace

November 3rd
Austria made peace

November  11th
Germany signed an armistice with the Allies – the official date of the end of World War One.

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The battle of Passchendaele was a battle fought on Belgian land. The battle was fought between the allies and the Germans. The aim of the battle was to push the Germans back to the sea and then destroy U-Boat bases on the Belgian coast. What started off as a campaign finished as what’s known as the battle of mud, the tiny town of Passchendaele in the middle of the fight. The soldiers fought in the hardest conditions that any soldier experienced on the western front. The battle started on the 31.07.1917 and finished on the 10.11.1917. On the 18.07.1917 is when the battle really started to get intense. For ten days the allies shot three thousand artillery guns and fired of four million shells at the German lines. The battle finished with a British and Canadian victory finally pushing the German army back.

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The battle of Verdun was a battle that lasted nearly ten months. The battle was between the Germans and the French. The Germans wanted to capture a place called Meuse Heights. If they Germans were able to capture this position then they would have a an extremely strong defensive position. The battle resulted in a French victory holding back the Germans from Meuse Heights. This battle cost the Germans over 340,000 casulties and the French 380,000 casulties.

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The Battle of Marne was a swift battle fought from the sixth to the twelfth September of 1914. The battle was fought east of Paris near the Marne River where the battle gets its name. France and England were allied and were fighting the German Troops. The seven day battle left the French with 85,000 casualties the Germans with 67,700 and the British with 1,700 casulties. The Germans won the battle and this let them start there advance into France.

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The Battle of the Somme. Considered one of the bloodiest battle of all time. Three million men put themselves in the battle and one million never came back home. The French and British were fighting the Germans north of Paris in the Somme region were the battle gets its name. When the battle stated the British had thirteen divisions, the French had eleven divisions and the Germans had ten and a half divisions. During the battle both sides called for reinforcements. And when the battle ended the British had fifty divisions, the French had fourty-eight divisions and the Germans had fifty divisions.For these three reasons The Battle of the Somme is considered that largest battle on the Western Front.  The battle started on the 01.07.1916 and finished on the 18.11.1916 ending when the French and British allies  pushed the Germans back about eleven kilometres when the battle ended. This means that for every kilometre 91,000 troops died.

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GERMANS

The perspective on the war from the Germans is interesting because they can give you a first hand account of what happened when fighting the French and why they saw them as an enemy. They saw them as an enemy because when the Germans wanted to attack Russia they knew that they would stand up for their allies so they attacked France instead. Here is an extract from a German soldiers diary entry.

‘Wake up call at Noon followed by Sauerkraut for lunch. In the evening it’s cleaning rifles followed by an inspection. After that we are ordered to Courcy to dig trenches there. I stay behind because I have problems with my feet. On Sunday there are no duties except muster in full gear and church service. ‘

THE FRENCH

The perspective of the war from a French soldier gives you a view of the Germans attacking France and the French attacking the Germans. Also, they can show you why they saw Germany as an enemy. They saw them as one because Germany had plans to attack Russia first but they changed and said that they will try to attack France instead because the size of Russia meant it would take about 8 weeks to mobilise its troops. That was their window to attack France. Here is an extract from a French soldiers diary entry in ww1.

‘We leave Montrouge [a suburb of Paris] at 9 o’clock in the morning, and arrive at the Gare de Lyon* at noon. The crowd of Parisians is generous and friendly. The knapsack seems heavy to begin with, holding two days’ worth of food. We do not know where we are going. The train travels relatively rapidly until Laroche, where we drink a bowl of hot soup.’

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At the start of WWI the french wore the standard Képi cap which provided no protection at all. When trench warfere started to rule the western front the french soldiers were provided with this helmet (bellow) which gave them ability to poke their heads out of the trenches and fire shots at the enemy

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This box was what all soldiers used to carry their food around. The Eating kit was made of copper and was designed like this to keep food slightly warm.

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The dog tag was a way of knowing who a person was and what country you served. All of your identity was on it. It was a vital thing in the war so when soldiers died they could identify them instantly.

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Must of the troops in WWI used bolt action rifles (first image) as their primary weapon. Only some troops worked on the automatic artilery guns (second image)

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https://yesterday.uktv.co.uk/warzone/world-war-one/article/western-front-key-wwi-battles/https://yesterday.uktv.co.uk/warzone/world-war-one/article/western-front-key-wwi-battles/

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Marne

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/world-war-one/battles-of-world-war-one/the-battle-of-passchendaele/

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Somme

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Verdun

http://www.abc.net.au/ww1-anzac/passchendaele/story-of-the-day

https://notevenpast.org/