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Definition: The feeling of anxiety and uncertainty experienced by the reader about the outcome of events or the protagonist's destiny.

Example: "Never Stop on the Motorway" - The entire story was full of suspense especially after Diana had run over the cat. After she ran over the cat the readers knew that there was something else bound to happen; they just aren't sure what to expect.

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Definition: Gives a hint of what is to happen later in the story. It prepares the reader for the climax, the resolution, and for changes, or lack of, in character's attitudes.

Example: "The Happiness Machine" - "It was the most incredible apparatus ever built. But not even the inventor knew the amazing things it could do..."

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Definition: A plot device which shifts the story from the present to the past, usually done in order to illustrate an important point or to reveal a change in character.

Example: "The Painted Door" - "Once she had danced with Steven six or seven times in the evening, and they had talked about it as many months."

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Definition: Characters, objects, events, and settings that are all symbolic represent something beyond themselves.

Example: "The Painted Door" - When Ann takes off John's glove and revealed the paint on his hand that symbolizes that the fresh paint on the door was ruined, just like his relationship with Ann.

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Definition: The fictional persons who carry out the action of the story. (Dynamic, static, round, and flat.)

Example:
Dynamic: "The Happiness Machine" - Leo Auffmann: Protagonist/undergoes change of idea of what happiness actually is.
Static: "The Landlady" - Billy Weaver: He was young and oblivious to his surroundings which resulted in unfortunate events.
Round: "Never Stop on the Motorway" - Diana: She was a working, divorced, single mom who was willing to do anything tot save her own life.
Flat: "The Painted Door" - Stephen: The neighbor that had an affair with Ann.

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Definition: Usually sets up the reader's expectations about the ending or about the plot.

Example: "Happiness" - " A feeling of anguish and fear seized me at the thought of those fifty years passed in this dark hole, so far from towns where people live. An old sheepdog wandered in, and we sat down to eat the only dinner dish, a thick soup of potatoes, lard, and cabbage."

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Definition: A direct or indirect reference to a familiar figure, place, or event from history, literature, mythology, or from the Bible.

Example: "Never Stop on the Motorway" - When Diana ran over the black cat. When a black cat crosses your path it is said to be bad luck, so killing one may be even worse than just "bad luck."

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Definition: Perspective from which the story is told. (First person, third person.)

Example:
First Person: "Happiness"  - "Five years ago, I took a trip to Corsica."
Third Person: "The Painted Door" - "And when at last she turned from the window there was a brooding stillness in her face as if she had recognized this mastery of snow and cold."

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Definition: Storyline or organization of incidents in a story. (Rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.)

Example: "Never Stop on the Motorway" - A woman, Diana, on her way to her friend's farm, ran over a cat and pulled to the side of the road to move it. Shortly after getting back in her car, she noticed a young man following her. Diana suspected it was the 🤬 she had heard of on the news. She was followed by the young man all the way to the farm. When they arrived at the farm the young man yelled, "Not me! Not me!" He then explained how he had seen a man get into her car while pulled over on the side of the road. They then opened the car door to reveal the man with a serrated knife crouched in the back seats.

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Definition: The time, place, social environment, and values shared by the society in the story.

Example: "The Landlady" - "Billy Weaver had travelled down from London on a slow afternoon train, with a change at Swindon on the way, and by the time he got to Bath it was about nine o'clock in the evening and the moon was coming up out of a clear starry sky over the houses opposite the station entrance."

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Verbal Irony Definition: When a contrast is evident between what a character says and what that character actually means.

Example: "The Landlady" - "After all, she was not only harmless - there was no question about that - but she was also quite obviously a kind and generous soul."

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Situational Irony Definition:  When a set of circumstances turn out differently from what was expected or considered appropriate.

Example: "Never Stop on the Motorway" - The readers believed that from the time the "car chase" began, that the man in the van had bad intentions. Where in reality, he was trying to save Diana's life

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Definition: What causes a character to do what he/she does.

Example: "The Happiness Machine" - "Invent something that will make the future brighter, well-rounded, infinitely joyus... Invent us a happiness machine... I'll do it!"

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Definition: The representation through language of sense of experience. The image most often suggests a mental picture, but an image may also represent a sound, smell, taste, or tactical experience.

Example: "Happiness" - "Above the sea, at the edge of the horizon, an enormous, indistinct gray mass was emerging."

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Definition: Language used in such a way as to force words out the literal meaning and, by emphasizing their connotations, to bring new insight and feeling to the subject.

Example: "The Happiness Machine" - "... expecting some wood, a curl of wire, a hammer or wrench to leap up crying, 'Start here!'"

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Definition: The central idea of a story, usually implied rather than directly stated.

Example: "The Happiness Machine" - The theme that I found in this story was that happiness is a state of mind and can not be manufactured.