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Limited Goverment- government is restricted in what it does and the government can’t take people’s rights away

Representative Government- government should serve the will of the people and people should have a say in the government.

Individual Rights- the belief that government should protect individual and property rights.

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A slogan of the Revolutionary War and the years before. The colonists were not allowed to choose representatives to parliament in London, which passed the laws under which they were taxed.

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Manga carta- was significant move from the “rule of man” to the “rule of law”

Petition of Right-  is a major English constitutional document that sets out specific liberties of the subject that the king is prohibited from infringing. Passed on 7 June 1628, the Petition contains restrictions on non-Parliamentary taxation, forced billeting of soldiers, imprisonment without cause, and the use of martial law.

English Bill of Rights- was a British Law, passed by the Parliament of Great Britain in 1689 that declared the rights and liberties of the people and settling the succession in William III and Mary II following the Glorious Revolutionof 1688 when James II was deposed.

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- a framework of laws agreed to by settlers of Connecticut colonies that puts limits on the power of government and gave all free men the right to choose judges

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A proprietary colony was based on a grant of LANG by the English monarch to a proprietary, an individual or a group who financed the start of the colony. The proprietor represented the Crown and could appoint all officials and make laws for the colony.

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On June 11, 1776, Congress appointed a "committee of Five", including John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, Robert R. Livingston of New York, and Roger Sherman of Connecticut, to draft a declaration.

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Who wrote most of the document and where did he get his inspiration?

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Who wrote most of the document and where did he get his inspiration?

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Thomas Jefferson

The Virginia Declaration of Rights which was inspired by John Locke

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In June 1776, on the eve of independence, the Second Continental Congress turned its attention to creating a national government.

The committee appointed to the task consisted of one delegate from each former colony.

The United States was to be a confederation.

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According to Article ll of the document, each state would retain “every power, jurisdiction, and right which is not by this confederation expressly delegates to the United States in Congress assembled.”

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The laws of state responsibility are the principles governing when and how a state is held responsible for a breach of an international obligation. Rather than set forth any particular obligations, the rules of state responsibility determine, in general, when an obligation has been breached and the legal consequences of that violation.

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Without a separate executive branch, the national government lacked the means to carry out Congress’s laws

Without a national court system, Congress had to rely on the state courts to apply national laws.

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In September 1876, a small band of Massachusetts farmers rebelled at the prospect of losing their land. Led by former Revolutionary War captain Daniel Shays.

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The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 required the establishment of three to five states north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River. This allowed for the US to admit the Western population as equal members of the political system instead of ruling over them.

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Virginia plan advocated two legislative houses of which membership would be based on population. New Jersey plan advocated one legislative house, membership in which would be equal for all states.

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Also known as the "Connecticut Compromise" or "Sherman's Compromise," the Great Compromise was reached during the U.S. Constitutional Convention in the 1787. Like the previous proposals, the agreement allowed for the creation of the two houses of the U.S. Congress

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The Three-Fifths Compromise was a compromise reached between delegates from southern states and those from northern states during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention. The debate was over whether, and if so, how, slaves would be counted when determining a state's total population for legislative representation and taxing purposes.

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The compromise mandated that tariffs were only to be allowed on imports from foreign countries and not exports from the U.S. This compromise also dictated that interstate commerce would be regulated by the federal government.

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The royal colonies were directly controlled by the king through an appointed governor. By the mid 1770s, Delaware Georgia, Massachusetts,  New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North and South Carolina, and Virginia were under the direct control of the Crown.

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Charter colonies operated under charters agreed to by the colony and the King. Connecticut and Rhode Island were under the charter colony.

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Met in Philadelphia, representatives from 12 of the 13 colonies attended

Many delegates no longer expected better treatment by the crown

One of the first actions was to organize the ragtag militia around Boston into an official Continental Army.

On August 23, George Washington proclaimed the American colonists to be in a full state of rebellion.

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The Federalists versus the Anti-Federalists

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Four essential features: Population, Territory, Sovereignty, and Government. 2) The nature of a state's population affects its stability. 3) States where the population shares a general political and social consensus, or agreement about basic beliefs, have the most stable governments.

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Image of the Declaration of Independence

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Image of the Declaration of Independence

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In U.S. history, anti-federalists were those who opposed the development of a strong federal government and the ratification of the Constitution in 1788, preferring instead for power to remain in the hands of state and local governments. Federalists wanted a stronger national government and the ratification of the Constitution to help properly manage the debt and tensions following the American Revolution.  Formed by Alexander Hamilton, the Federalist Party, which existed from 1792 to 1824, was the culmination of American federalism and the first political party in the United States. John Adams, the second president of the United States, was the first and only Federalist president.