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truss, in architecture and engineering, a supporting structure or framework composed of beams, girders, or rods commonly of steel or wood lying in a single plane. A truss usually takes the form of a triangle or combination of triangles, since this design ensures the greatest rigidity.

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Tread in Construction. The term tread is used to describe the horizontal portion of a stair assembly. The vertical surface is known as the riser and the horizontal surface, the tread.

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describe the materials and workmanship required for a development. ... Typically, performance specifications are written on projects that are straight-forward and are well-known building types. For more information, see Performance specification.

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A site plan is a landscape architectural plan, and a detailed engineering drawing of proposed improvements to a given lot. ... A site plan is a "set of construction drawings that a builder or contractor uses to make improvements to a property.

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A sill plate or sole plate in construction and architecture is the bottom horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached. The word plate is typically omitted in America and carpenters speak simply of the "sill". ... Sill plates are usually composed of lumber but can be any material.

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the term section typically describes a cut through the body of a building, perpendicular to the horizon line. A section drawing is one that shows a vertical cut transecting, typically along a primary axis, an object or building.

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A schedule is an organized arrangement of notes or information usually lettered within a ruled enclosure, conveniently placed, and coordinated with other drawings.

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he amount of such extension. upward slope, as of ground or a road. a piece of rising or high ground: a house built upon a gentle rise. the distance between the crotch and the waist of a pair of trousers: Pants with a high rise are now in style.

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engineering, and/or landscape architecture plan drawing—diagram which shows the buildings, utility runs, and equipment layout, the position of roads, and other constructions of an existing or proposed project site at a defined scale.

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the most common framing method for residential construction where each floor of a pole barn or conventional building is framed independently by nailing the horizontal framing member to the top of the wall studs.

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In the field of architecture an architectural plan is a design and planning for a building, and can contain architectural drawings, specifications of the design, calculations, time planning of the building process, and other documentation.

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a projecting edge, as the part of the tread of a step extending beyond the riser or a projecting part of a buttress.

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An architectural model is a type of scale model - a physical representation of a structure - built to study aspects of an architectural design or to communicate design ideas. Depending on the purpose, models can be made from a variety of materials, including blocks, paper, and wood, and at a variety of scales.

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A joist is a structural member that spans horizontally between the foundations of a building, or between walls or structural beams. In combination with other joists it provides support for a ceiling and/or floor.

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The header spans an opening for a window or door, or a cut-out in the roof or floor for a skylight, chimney, or staircase. Typically at least twice the size of surrounding framing members, a header is often built up from two studs, joists, or rafters.

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The foundation plan is a plan view drawing, in section, showing the location and size of footings, piers, columns, foundation walls, and supporting beams.

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In architecture and building engineering, a floor plan is a drawing to scale, showing a view from above, of the relationships between rooms, spaces, traffic patterns, and other physical features at one level of a structure. Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall lengths.

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In architectural drawing terms, house elevations are two dimensional pictures of the façade of a house or interior features that have faces projecting from a flat, solid background, like cabinetry, fireplaces, niches and elaborate wall designs.

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An architectural Detail is a small piece of the whole, yet it has the power to characterize and define the entire building.

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a map illustrated with contour lines, for example a topographic map, which thus shows valleys and hills, and the steepness or gentleness of slopes. The contour interval of a contour map is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines.

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a type of authorization that must be granted by a government or other regulatory body before the construction of a new or existing building can legally occur.

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s an intelligent 3D model-based process that gives architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals the insight and tools to more efficiently plan, design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure.

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The main purpose of building codes are to protect public health, safety and general welfare as they relate to the construction and occupancy of buildings and structures.

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The framing system is the structure of the building holding up the walls, floors, and roof. Framing systems use structural elements and dimensional lumber to support the wall and sheathing materials to cover them. The benefit of this method is that it requires less material to create structures.

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An architect's scale is a specialized ruler designed to facilitate the drafting and measuring of architectural drawings, such as floor plans and orthographic projections.

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Adaptive reuse, or adaptive re-use architecture, is the process of repurposing buildings — old buildings that have outlived their original purposes — for different uses or functions while at the same time retaining their historic features. ... A historic electric building can become apartments.

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a horizontal, continuous lintel on a classical building supported by columns or a wall, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

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spiral, scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order, found in the capital of the Ionic column. ... The ornamentcan be seen in Renaissance and Baroque architecture and is a common decoration in furniture design, silverware and ceramics.

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a square space between triglyphs in a Doric frieze.

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generally any horizontal decorative molding that crowns a building or furniture element – the cornice over a door or window, for instance, or the cornice around the top edge of a pedestal or along the top of an interior wall.

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A vertical structure usually consisting of a base, a cylindrical shaft, and a capital, used as a support or standing alone as a monument. b. Any slender vertical support, as of steel or reinforced concrete.

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an underground vertical or inclined passageway. Shafts are constructed for a number of reasons including: For the construction of a tunnel. For ventilation of a tunnel or underground structure. As a drop shaft for a sewerage or water tunnel.

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ertical element, usually a rounded shaft with a capital and a base, which in most cases serves as a support. ... In ancient Egypt and the Middle East, columns, usually large and circular, were used with great effect to decorate and support massive structures, especially in the absence of arches.

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from the Latin caput, or "head") or chapiter forms the topmost member of a column (or a pilaster). It mediates between the column and the load thrusting down upon it, broadening the area of the column's supporting surface.

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long narrow band of sculpture that runs along the architrave of a Greek temple or another building.

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element found particularly in classical, neoclassical and baroque architecture, and its derivatives, consisting of a gable, usually of a triangular shape, placed above the horizontal structure of the turntable, typically supported by columns.