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they have a lot of practical power - can make arrests

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they have a lot of practical power - can make arrests

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Maximum of manner, clear and straight forward.

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Maximum of manner, clear and straight forward.

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Police officers often have other people take notes for them during interrogations - trying to take sufficient notes and interviewing at the same time makes it difficult to retain important facts and engage with the suspect

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ACG- anti cyber crime group

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GNOC

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Brown and Levinson - politeness principle, if they're interviewing a witness they have to make feel listened to in attempt for comfort.

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Brown and Levinson - politeness principle, if they're interviewing a witness they have to make feel listened to in attempt for comfort.

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ABH- actual bodily harm

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DUI - Driving under the influence
DWI - Driving while intoxicated

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Umbrella Terms - e.g ‘motor vehicle’ ‘intoxicated’ links to Drew & Heritage - The job has a set language

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Umbrella Terms

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They use tag questions in hopes to pressure the suspect/witness to confess or give more information. (Leading questions

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They use tag questions in hopes to pressure the suspect/witness to confess or give more information. (Leading questions

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WH-questions allow officers to use  open questions (what/why/when/who etc)

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certain rules which need to be followed when being questioned by the police - Instrumental power 

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certain rules which need to be followed when being questioned by the police - Instrumental power 

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Designed to avoid ambiguity - links to Grices maxim of manner - which is how clear information is given

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mostly use open questions because these are most useful in the interviews to give the interrogate a chance to explain

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mostly use open questions because these are most useful in the interviews to give the interrogate a chance to explain

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In interviews police officers interrupt- they need knowledge on specific information and may do this so that the person they are interviewing doesn't trail off into irrelevant information. 

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In interviews police officers interrupt- they need knowledge on specific information and may do this so that the person they are interviewing doesn't trail off into irrelevant information. 

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Swales - discourse community, shared goal to fight crime

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Swales - discourse community, shared goal to fight crime

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Have to use umbrella terms to make meaning sufficiently broad, e.g. "motor vehicle" can be a car, van, truck, etc.

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Knowledge and ideas power- keep statements broad "green vegetable matter"= marijuana

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Kloesters - use phatic talk when interviewing witnesses (hi) to make them feel comfortable to open up

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Kloesters - use phatic talk when interviewing witnesses (hi) to make them feel comfortable to open up

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Legalese- language of the law
Requires maxim of manner

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Use of leading questions highly controlled- psychology reasons

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The passive voice de-personalises the entire investigation and gives it a legal voice. This is very important as it legitimises the authority of the investigating officer who is doing the job not on his/her own behalf but on behalf of the laws of the land and the governing authorities.

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The police use downward convergence to allow criminals (possibly intoxicated) to understand what is happening and what may happen to them. They would also use it to help family members understand

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Neutral terms, for example, 'assisting with investigations', are deliberately used because people are deemed innocent until proven guilty by a competent court of law.

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Neutral terms, for example, 'assisting with investigations', are deliberately used because people are deemed innocent until proven guilty by a competent court of law.

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neutral terms, for example, 'assisting with investigations', are deliberately used because people are deemed innocent until proven guilty by a competent court of law.

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Third, neutral terms, for example, 'assisting with investigations', are deliberately used because people are deemed innocent until proven guilty by a competent court of law.

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Police-speak is designed to avoid ambiguity; that is, it seeks to minimise confusion and chances of multiple interpretations.

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In police interviews it is crucial to not ask leading questions, which means that the officer has to be careful to actually get the truth from the witness or suspect and not to imply things that didn’t actually happen.

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Police speak is designed to avoid ambuguity, minimise confusion and reduce the chances of multiple interpretation

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Closed questions are those that give the witness only a limited choice of answers.

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Open questions are those that leave the witness (or suspect) the opportunity to explain and describe.

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"Green vegetable matter" - Weed

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power difference between the interviewer and interviewee, especially in a court scene. This is because there are certain rules that have to be adhered to in what you say.

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Police use a lot of interrogatives in order to establish exactly what happened in the situation