# data[].attributes.body
meaning: statements/pictures used to persuade people to believe things that may or may not be true

example: The Nazis used propaganda to convince people to elect Hitler

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: lack of care or sympathy

example: A man who doesn't care about engaging in a movement is apathetic towards it.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a person hired by a special interest group to persuade lawmakers to benefit their cause

example: Someone may try to persuade a legislator to lower taxes because they were paid to convince him to lower taxes.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a group of people who share an idea or belief on a specific issue

example: AARP, NAACP

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the candidate running to keep their job

example: In the election of 2012, Barack Obama was the incumbent

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: Where each state holds an election and gets a certain number of votes based on their population and the candidate with 270 votes wins

example: North Carolina gets 15 electoral votes where they hold an election to see who the votes go to.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the party candidates are announced, and a party platform is made

example: Trump and H. Clinton's platforms were introduced here

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the election that determines who the party candidates will be

example: The primary election had to happen for Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton to run for president.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: an election held to remove elected officials before their term is over

example: recall elections may be held to remove Donald Trump from office if people don't like what he's done so far

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: voting for candidates from different parties

example: Someone could vote for a republican president and democratic vice president

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: voting for all candidates in one party

example: Someone could vote for a republican president and a republican vice president

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a system where candidates all across the political spectrum run

example: Italy, Germany, France

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a system where there are two major political parties, candidates represent the two main ideologies, and the winner has the majority of votes

example: Canada, United States, England

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: there is one party with one winner and one candidate for each position

example: Cuba, China, North Korea

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a candidate’s or party’s stance on all issues

example: The republicans don't want too much government involvement on any issue.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a candidate’s or party’s stance on one issue

example: Generally, the democratic party supports same-sex marriage and adoption.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: someone who tends to want less government involvement

example: If someone wants education variety and options without the federal government's involvement, they have a conservative idea.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: someone who tends to want more government involvement

example: Someone who wants the government involved in health care has a liberal idea.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a group of people who share similar beliefs about the government and try to win elections

example: Democrat and Republican two major parties.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: when a candidate receives more than half the votes

example: If candidate one receives 62% of the votes and candidate two receives 38% of the votes, candidate one has majority vote.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: when a candidate receives the most votes

example: If Donald Trump earns more votes than Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump has

# data[].attributes.body
meaning; the ability to accept and respect others and their differences

example: If one man is a Buddhist and the other is a Catholic and they get along, they are tolerant.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: variety

example: If there is a republican, democrat, libertarian, a person from the green party, and a person from the American independent party in one room, it's a diverse mix.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: an infringement of (a) right(s) leading to civil legal responsibility

example: assault

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: laws made through judges' opinions

example: separate but equal

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: law created by legislative branch

example: Voting Rights Act

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a previous legal case that affects or links to the current case

example: If a man had two speeding tickets before getting a DWI, these cases would likely be linked to the case of the DWI and used as a precedent.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the power to make a legal decision

example: An example is making decisions for a particular area or group.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the system of law for those who commit a crime

example: If a woman robs a bank, it is dealt with in the criminal law system.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: laws set down by the Constitution

example: The right for women to vote (19th Amendment)is a constitutional law.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the laws about relations between members of a community

example: Family, property, and tort are all under civil law.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the laws regulating how government agencies operate

example: Administrative law affects social security and licence agencies.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the rate at which criminals are relapsing to their previous illegal behavior after being released from prison

example: The faster criminals commit crimes after being released from prison, that higher the recidivism rate will be.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the steps taken in a court system to administrate justice

example: If someone reports something, it goes through a process to ensure that justice is served properly and fairly.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a higher court reviewing the decisions of a lower court

example: If a woman went to jail for abusing her wife after going to the county court, the state court can review that case to see if it was the proper decision.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the court hearing a case first

example: If a man is doing 🤬 and goes to his county court, that court gets original jurisdiction.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the rejection of a decision

example: The President can veto a bill if he doesn't like it.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: regular legislative panels

example: Bills go through the standing committee before going to the floor, and it is a permanent establishment in the legislative branch

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a group that is organized to  promote their ideas

example: Feminists are an example of an interest group because they all come together in an organized manner to promote their shared idea that women should be equal to men.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the veto of a bill by leaving it unsigned until it's to late

example: The President can ignore a bill until it's too late for him to deal with it, and this situation would be defined as a pocket veto.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: representatives of groups that contact law makers with a goal to influence

example: A lobbyist may provide information about an issue to Congress in an attempt to persuade Congress to make a certain decision.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the citizens represented by a Congressman

example: a governor's constituents are the citizens of the state they represent

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a committee in the Congress appointed by both the Senate and house of Representatives to handle disagreements about a bill

example: When Congress can't make a decision on a particular bill due to disagreements, the conference committee is put in charge of resolving the conflict.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a long speech used to slow down the process of the legislative assembly

example: Ted Cruz read "Green Eggs and Ham" in a filibuster to waste time and extend the process of legislation

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the way debates are ended; how filibusters are ended

example: When enough senators sign a petition for the cloture of a filibuster, the filibuster is ended.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the power of the court to decide whether or not the government is abiding by the laws of the Constitution

Examples:
- the Supreme Court reviews laws on marijuana
- the Supreme Court reviews laws on breastfeeding in public

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: powers shared by both the federal and state governments

Examples:
- Both the federal government and state government can build roads.
- Both the federal government and state government can establish bankruptcy laws

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a political power reserved for a specific political authority as specified by a constitution

Examples:
- The states reserve the power to establish schools
- The federal government can declare war.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: powers the U.S. government has that are not expressed in the Constitution

Examples:
- Since Congress coins money, it is implied that they can establish banks
- Since the President can appoint Cabinet members, it is implied that he can dismiss them

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: the restriction of abused power by specific established laws

Examples:
- Checks and balances
- Separation of powers

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a government where a constitution splits power between national government and smaller government

Examples:
- The national government can coin money
- State governments can establish schools

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a system where three branches of government have a certain amount of power to check on the other branches to prevent corruption

Examples:
-the President can veto a law passed by Congress
- Congress can override the veto

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: where the power of the government is divided among equal independent branches of government

Examples:
-The U.S. government has three branches
- The U.S. government's separation of powers was inspired by Great Britain's separation of powers

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: where the authority of government is controlled by the people

Examples:
- Electing representatives
-representatives voting on bills being turned into laws

# data[].attributes.body
what was it?: a group of farmers whose land was seized by the government shut down the government buildings to stop notices of repossession from being sent out

- Before the Constitution was made, the Articles of Confederation was the Constitution, but this left the United States with a weak federal government. State governments began imposing high taxes on their citizens to pay off war debt, but when the taxes couldn't be paid, their land was repossessed by the state. Somewhere around 1786 and 1787, Daniel Shay, who had his land taken away, and a group of farmers occupied the government buildings, shutting them down. The government could not stop the farmers, and other citizens had to shut down the rebellion. With this, the states realized how vulnerable they were without a strong federal government, and that's what pushed them to hold the Constitutional Convention.

# data[].attributes.body
what was it?: the biggest compromise made at the Constitutional convention was to  determine how the states would be represented int Congress, and it was called the Great Compromise (also known as the Connecticut Compromise)

- At the Constitutional Convention, the delegates needed to decide how the states would be represented in Congress because having a direct democracy wasn't feasible. Large states wanted proportional representation, and the smaller states wanted equal representation. The Great Compromise was the solution to this dispute. A bicameral Congress was created where there are two parts: the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives had the number of representatives per state based on population, and the Senate had an equal number of representatives per state. This Congress is still in use today.

# data[].attributes.body
what was it?: a secret meeting where 55 delegates where the Great Compromise and 3/5 Compromise were made

- The Constitutional Convention was originally called to revise the Articles of Confederation, but they ended up throwing it out and creating a new Constitution. There were many disagreements, so many compromises had to be made. These disagreements nearly brought an end to the convention, but they worked together to come up with the new Constitution. The Constitution that was created is still in use today.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a political party that wanted stronger state governments and a weaker federal government

- This political party formed when the original 13 states held special conventions to decide whether or not they should approve the ratification of the Constitution. Nine out of the 13 states had to approve, and Anti-Federalists would not approve without a Bill of Rights because they feared the president would become a tyrant and the government would have too much power.

- Some known Anti-Federalists were George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and John Adams.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: a political party that wanted a stronger federal government and weaker state governments

- This political party formed when all the 13 states had special conventions to decide whether or not they should approve the ratification of the Constitution.Federalists were people who supported the Constitution. They  didn't think the United States needed a Bill of Rights.

- A known Federalists was Thomas Jefferson

# data[].attributes.body
what was it?: a compilation of 85 essays and articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison.

- "The Federalist Papers" was written to encourage the ratification of the Constitution.

# data[].attributes.body
what is it?: The Bill of Rights is a document that lists a United States citizen's freedoms, rights, and protections and gives rights and powers to the States.

- The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the Constitution, and Anti-Federalists required that this document be created if the Constitution was ratified.

# data[].attributes.body
who was he?: Baron de Montesquieu was a French Enlightenment thinker.

- Montesquieu believes that one person having all the power would be dangerous for the people and that separation of powers was the best solution to prevent tyranny. He inspired the writings of the Constitution.

# data[].attributes.body
who was he?: John Locke was an English philosopher who had great influence on early political thought in the United States.

- John Locke believed in natural rights and social contract. He also believed that if the government does not protect people's natural rights, the people should and can change the government. John Locke also inspired Thomas Jefferson in the creation of the Declaration of Independence with natural rights being referred to as "inalienable rights".

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: social contract is the idea that people give up some freedoms to the government for the protection on their natural rights in return

- Social contract was an idea both John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed in. Both of these two men were Enlightenment thinkers who influenced the colonies.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: unwritten rights that are defined by natural law — life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

- John Locke, an English philosopher who had great influence on early political thought in the United States, believed in natural rights

# data[].attributes.body
what was it?: written by Thomas Paine, the pamphlet was written to explain why it was time for the colonies to break away from Great Britain

- The pamphlet was supposed to convince colonists that the colonies needed to break away from Great Britain. The main points made were that the colonies were too far away to be ruled by Great Britain and that the colonies would be better off that way anyways. The pamphlet was a success.

# data[].attributes.body
what was it?: the first constitution of the United States, ratified in 1781

- The Articles of Confederation named the country, gave Congress power to form an army and make treaties, created a Congress, created an army, and created a federal government. This document, however, left the United States vulnerable because it did not create a strong enough federal government.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: taxing someone without giving them a say in the matter

- "No taxation without representation," was a Colonial statement that was coined when Great Britain put a special tax on all paper goods in the Colonies. The colonists did boycott the taxed goods to make their point.

# data[].attributes.body
meaning: when the government does not enforce its laws

- One of the long-term causes of the American Revolution was salutary neglect. Great Britain left the colonists to flourish on their own instead of initially enforcing laws. Even so, this helped the colonists grow into their own identity and thrive as a separate entity from Great Britain.