# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Why a black man hugged a neo-Nazi skinhead

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A white supremacist walked into the middle of an anti-fascist rally - this is what happened next.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Nearly 18 months after Charlottesville, mass movement, membership-based neo-Nazism is on the decline. In 2018, neo-Nazis were driven to further corners of the internet by activists and journalists via doxing and deplatforming. The movement is also divided over which organizational structure, mass-movement or cell-based, best facilitates their goals. Groups like Atomwaffen Division (AWD) have embraced the primarily underground cell structure favored by groups more openly terroristic. Mass movement groups like the National Socialist Movement continue to present themselves to the public via rallies and quasi-political platforms.

In January, Samuel Woodward, who had connections to AWD, was arrested and charged in Orange County, California, with murdering Blaze Bernstein. ProPublica reported that AWD members praised Woodward for the murder on their Discord chat. One user called Woodward a "one man gay Jew wrecking crew." In May, reports surfaced that Vasillios Pistolis, who participated in the Charlottesville violence and was also associated with AWD, was an active duty Marine. Traditionalist Worker Party, once an active and influential neo-Nazi hate group, disbanded after a bizarre love triangle among top leadership was revealed. The League of the South dropped out of the Nationalist Front in August, leaving that coalition dead in the water. In October, Robert Bowers, who was inspired by ideology popular among neo-Nazis, killed 11 at a Pittsburg synagogue. Also in November, a pair of Washington, D.C.-area brothers with ties to Vanguard America, Richard Spencer and others made headlines after one brother killed himself and the other was arrested following a tirade about Bowers' victims.

Neo-Nazi hate groups and their members will continue to seek out more private, even anonymous interaction across multiple platforms and networks. As racists continue to feel the squeeze online and in real life, violence at public rallies may remain low. But that will not deter lone wolf violence, with incubators like Gab and Discord relatively wide open to white supremacists.

While some neo-Nazi groups emphasize simple hatred, others are more focused on the revolutionary creation of a fascist political state. Nazism, of course, has roots in Europe, and links between American and European neo-Nazis are strong and growing stronger. American neo-Nazi groups, protected by the First Amendment, often publish material and host Internet sites that are aimed at European audiences -- materials that would be illegal under European anti-racism laws. Similarly, many European groups put up their Internet sites on American servers to avoid prosecution under the laws of their native countries.

The most visible neo-Nazi group in the U.S. is the National Alliance. Until his death, it was led by William Pierce, the infamous author of the futuristic race-war novel The Turner Diaries, a book believed by some to have served as the blueprint for the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing.

New Order (Milwaukee, Wisconsin)

The Daily Stormer (Statewide, Alaska)

The Daily Stormer (Statewide, Maine)

The Daily Stormer (Statewide, Nevada)

The Daily Stormer (Statewide, Oregon)

The Daily Stormer (Statewide, Texas)

The Daily Stormer (Statewide, Utah)

The Daily Stormer (Worthington, Ohio)

Vanguard America (Statewide, Texas)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Nearly 18 months after Charlottesville, mass movement, membership-based neo-Nazism is on the decline. In 2018, neo-Nazis were driven to further corners of the internet by activists and journalists via doxing and deplatforming. The movement is also divided over which organizational structure, mass-movement or cell-based, best facilitates their goals.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Kahn Key (1)essay-quarter3-workcited (1) (1)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The number of dads staying at home with their children has nearly doubled in the past two decades, and the diversity among them defies the stereotype of the highly educated young father who stays home to let his wife focus on her career.

A new study from the Pew Research Center finds that almost 2 million fathers are at home, up from 1.1 million in 1989. Nearly half of those men live in poverty.

"The largest share of stay-at-home dads are actually home because they're ill or disabled," says Gretchen Livingston, a senior researcher at Pew. "So that could be contributing to their low income, obviously."

Another chunk of men say they're at home because they can't find a job.

"About 22 percent don't have a high school diploma," says Livingston, "and 36 percent have just a high school diploma but no college experience."

Still, the fastest-growing group among stay-at-home fathers is men who say they are home specifically to provide child care. Five percent said that in 1989, and 21 percent say it today.

Just half of stay-at-home fathers are white, and black dads are twice as likely as white men to be home with their children.

Mark Portis, who lives near St. Louis, is African-American and dropped out of high school in his junior year (he later got his GED). He has two young children with his wife, but he also has three older daughters he never lived with, he says. He never married their mothers.

When he finally did marry, he says he wanted things to be different.

"I've been a stay-at-home dad for ... six years," he says. His 6-year-old son is at camp, and his 3-year-old daughter is being fussy about lunch. "She wants candy," he says, laughing.

Portis used to be a manager in an auto parts shops, but his wife earned a lot more as an accountant. When they decided someone should stay home with the children, it made sense that it was him, he says.

"I love it," he says. "It's fun. I can be 110 percent involved in the kids and what they have going on."

Portis says his support group of full-time fathers is almost all white. But it doesn't surprise him that many stay-at-home dads are black.

"[For] a lot of African-Americans, that's how they were raised," he says. "Everybody has to work; everybody has to contribute. If you can't afford child care, one works nights, one works days and you're just kind of passing the kids back and forth."

"We have a long-standing tradition in African-American families of fathers doing a lot with their kids," says Scott Coltrane, the provost at the University of Oregon, who has studied fathers for three decades. Coltrane says black dads who live with their kids have always helped out more at home. And in today's labor market, they're also more likely to be out of a job.

"What's different is culturally now, most parents do a little bit of both," he says. "We expect women to work. We expect men to do more at home."

That, he says, is the biggest shift in the past few decades, and it's true for everyone, regardless of race.

Two million stay-at-home fathers is a much bigger number than the Census Bureau's number of 214,000. But the bureau's definition is extremely narrow, including only primarily married men who say they are home for the entire year specifically to care for family.

By contrast, Pew's latest report counts all fathers, married or not, who live with a young child and did not work at all in the past year.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Stay-At-Home Dads On The Rise, And Many Of Them Are Poor

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The number of fathers at home in the U.S. has nearly doubled since 1989. A desire among more men to stay home with the kids has a lot to do with that, but so does the inability to find a job.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Definitions: Children under age 18 who live with their own single parent either in a family or subfamily.

In this definition, single-parent families may include cohabiting couples and do not include children living with married stepparents. Children who live in group quarters (for example, institutions, dormitories, or group homes) are not included in this calculation.

Data Source: Population Reference Bureau, analysis of data from the U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 Supplementary Survey, 2001 Supplementary Survey, 2002 through 2016 American Community Survey.

The data for this measure come from the 2005 through 2016 American Community Survey (ACS). The ACS, fully implemented, is designed to provide annually updated social, economic, and housing data for states and communities. (Such local-area data have traditionally been collected once every ten years in the long form of the decennial census.) Race/ethnic groups represented in this table are not mutually exclusive. The category of white includes only non-Hispanic white. The categories Black or African American, American Indian, and Asian and Pacific Islander include both Hispanic and non-Hispanic. Those in the Hispanic or Latino category include those identified as being in one of the non-White race groups.

Footnotes: Updated January 2018.
S - Estimates suppressed when the confidence interval around the percentage is greater than or equal to 10 percentage points.
N.A. - Data not available.
A 90 percent confidence interval for each estimate can be found at Children in single-parent families by race.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Children in single-parent families by race | KIDS COUNT Data Center

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Definitions: Children under age 18 who live with their own single parent either in a family or subfamily. In this definition, single-parent families may include cohabiting couples and do not include children living with married stepparents. Children who live in group quarters (for example, institutions, dormitories, or group homes) are not included in this calculation.