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Location, Place , Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, and Region.

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Globes and Maps

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Place describes the human and physical characteristics of a location and Region divides the world into manageable units for geographic study.

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Absolute Location is longitude and latitude and Relative Location are the directions of North, South , East, and South.

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Latitude goes up or down like the y-axis and Longitude goes to the right or left like the x-axis.

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gives the coordinates of a place on the world with straight, right angles, and perpendicular lines.

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The four major subsystem: land, water, living things, and air.

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Rotation is the Earth spining on its axis and Revoltion is the Earth going around the Sun.

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Weather is a change in the invironment that is affected for short period of time and Climate is a change in the invironment for a long period of time.

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El Nino is the warm phase of the ocean temperature and La Nina is the cold phase of the ocean temperature.

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Direct are areas of
Earth that are warmer than indirect rays and Indirect Rays are light rays that hit Earth from an angle.

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Are height levels, especially sea levels.

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a large community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat, forest or tandru

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Convergent is when two tectonic plates collide usually being forming trenches. Divergent is when two tectonic plates cause sea-floor spreading and cracks in the ocean floor are being filled with magma that rises. Transform is when two plates slide past one another and forms a transform fault.

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Erosion is being eroded by wind, water, and other natural agents. Weathering is wear away or change in appearance of texture by long exposure to the air. Deposition is when something is deposited or dropped in a another location.

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A major area in the basin in the Pacific Ocean where earthquake and volcanic eruptions occur.

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The lithosphere of the Earth divided into small number of plates which float and travel independently over the mantle.

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A crack in the Earths crust

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The sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the Earths crust into the mantle beneath another plate.

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Renewable Resources are resources that can be replaced naturally such as air, water, solar energy and biomass. Non Renewable Resources are resources such as oil, coal, or gas that can't be replaced.

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Adaptation is how humans or animals can adapt to an environment.

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avoidance of depletion of natural resources in order to maintain an ecological balance.

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A threat of a natural occurring event will have a negative effect on humans.

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Seismograph is an instrument that measures and records details of earthquakes. Richter Scale is a numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of a seismograph oscillations

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Is the spread of an idea or invention

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Democracy, Monarchy, Communism, Dictatorship

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The focal point of an idea, belief, or innovation.

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Gestures, values, language, norms, sanctions, folkways, and mores

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Developed vs. Developing Nation vs. Newly Industrialize 

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Developed vs. Developing Nation vs. Newly Industrialize 

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Developed are less mortality and birth rates and a lot of per ca-pita per citizen or nation. Developing is more mortality and birth rates and less per ca-pita per citizen or nation. Newly Industrialize is ranked in the middle of developing and first world classifications.

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Both is what brings people and make them go away and also determines immigration or migration from one land to another

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statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it.

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It is calculated by dividing the population by the area.

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It gives us information on birth and death rates as well as life expectancy.

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A degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community

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Cottage Industry vs. Commercial Industry

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Cottage Industry vs. Commercial Industry

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Cottage Industry is home based and Commercial Industry is based on larger scale (factory).

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Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary

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emigration is the act of leaving one's own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad and immigration is the act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country

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1.a policy of favoring native inhabitants as opposed to immigrants. 2. the revival or perpetuation of an indigenous culture especially in opposition to acculturation.

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Urban is in, relating to, or characteristic of a city or town. Rural is in, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town. Suburb is an outlying district of a city, especially a residential one.

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a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.

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an official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals.

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Is an area of land where vegetation has been lost and soil reduced to dust and eroded, especially as a consequence of drought or unsuitable farming practice.

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The failure mechanism for the industrial canal was over-topping of levees and flood walls by the storm surge.

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Opened up settlement in the western United States, Allowing any American, including freed slaves, to put in a claim for up to 160 free acres of federal land.

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In 1869, the presidents of the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads meet in Promontory, Utah, and drive a ceremonial last spike into a rail line that connects their railroads.

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The immigrants at Ellis Island were treated more equally than those at Angel Island. ... immigrants at Angel Island were not treated fairly. They were detained for long periods of time in filthy living conditions

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The crop failure was caused by late blight, a disease that destroys leaves, edible roots or tubers, of the potato plant.

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Rust Belt is a nickname that was earned during the 1970's when there was a decline in factory works that left many factories abandoned and desolate, causing an increase in rust from exposure to the elements. Sun Belt is a region of the US generally considered to stretch across the Southeast and Southwest.

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A general pardon for offenses, especially political offenses, against a government, often granted before any trial or conviction.

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A very large, heavily populated city or urban complex

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A member of a largely self-contained communities in the bayou areas of southern Louisiana formed by descendants of French Canadians , speaking an archaic form of French

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A person of mixed European and black descent, especially in the Caribbean. 2 A mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage

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Is the process of moving a herd of cattle from one place to another, usually moved and herded by cowboys on horses

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An agricultural area that provides large amounts of food, especially grain, to other areas.

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Relating to manual work or workers, particularly in industry.

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Connected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity.

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Is the exchange of goods between two nations promoting trade and investment. The two countries will reduce or eliminate tariffs, import quotas, export restraints, and other trade barriers to encourage trade and investment.

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The North American Free Trade Agreement is an agreement among the US, Canada, and Mexico designed to remove tariff barriers between the three countries.

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Also called the Peru current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north along the western coast of South America. An Eastern Boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator.

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(Especially for a country) almost or entirely surrounded by land; having no coastline or seaport

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A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape

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Refers to the pattern of weather in a region whose growth patterns are primarily affected by elevation.

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Nahuatl is a member of a group of peoples native to the southern Mexico and Central America, including the Aztecs or an Uto-Aztec language of the Nahuatl. Quechua is a member of an American Indian people of Peru and parts of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador or the language or group of languages of the Quechua.

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Aztec is a member of the American Indian people dominant in Mexico before the Spanish conquest of the 16th century. Incas is a member of the Quechuan peoples in Peru maintaining an empire until the Spanish conquest. Mayan is a large family of American Indian languages spoken in Central America and Mexico. Arawak is a member of a people originally of the Greater Antilles and Adjacent South America, now living mainly in Guiana. They were forced out of the Antilles by the more warlike Caribs shortly before Spanish expansion in the Caribbean.

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Mestizo(in Latin America) a man of mixed race, especially the offspring of a Spaniard and an American Indian. Mulatto is a person of mixed white and black ancestry, especially a person with one white and one black parent.

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Hacienda (in Spanish-speaking regions) a large estate or plantation with a dwelling house. Plantations is an estate on which crops such as coffee, sugar, and tobacco are cultivated by resident labor.

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A factory in Mexico run by a foreign company and exporting its products to the country of that company.

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Before the 1910 Mexican Revolution that overthrew Porfirio Diaz, most of the land was owned by a single elite ruling class.

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PRI is the standard for telecommunication services to enterprises and offices. PAN is all-inclusive, especially in relation to the whole of a continent, racial group, religion, etc.

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Was the capital city of the Aztec Empire from the middle of the 1300's to the 1500's.

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Right wing is the conservative or reactionary section of a political party or system. Left wing is the liberal, socialist, or radical section of a political party or system

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An ancient Inca fortress city in the Andes northwest of Cuzco,

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A cowboy of the South America

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A ballroom dance originating in Buenos Aires, characterized by marked rhythms and postures and abrupt pauses.

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Signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setubal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Crown of Castile, along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands, off the west coast of Africa.

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In Brazil, a Slum or shantytown located within or on the outskirts of the country's large cities, especially Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo.

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The Carnival in Rio de Janeiro is a festival held every year before Lent and considered the biggest carnival in the world with two million people per day on the streets.

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Capoeira is an Afro-Brazilian martial art that combines elements of dance, acrobatics, and music.

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Samba is a Brazilian musical genre and dance style, with its roots in Africa via the West African slave trade and African religious traditions, particularly of Angola and the Congo, through the samba de roda genre of the northeastern Brazilian state of Bahia, from which it derived.

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Petroleos Mexicanos, which translates to Mexican state-owned petroleum company, created in 1938, by nationalization or expropriation of all private, foreign, and domestic oil companies at that time.

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FARC is the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia Peoples army was a guerrilla movement involved in the continuing Colombian armed conflict from 1964 to 2017. Paramilitary is (of an unofficial force) organized similarly to a military force.

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Is a Venezuelan politician who has served as the 63rd President of Venezuela since 2013 and previously served under President Hugo Chavez as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2013 and as Vice President of Venezuela from 2012 to 2013.

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A member of a small independent group taking part in irregular fighting, typically against larger regular forces.

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Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz was a Cuban communist revolutionary and politician who governed the Republic of Cuba as Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976 and then as President from 1976 to 2008.

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Relating to or denoting a method of agriculture in which existing vegetation is cut down and burned off before new seeds are sown, typically used as a method for cleaning forest land of farming.

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Sandinista is a member of a left-wing Nicaraguan political organization, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), which came to power in 1979 after overthrowing the dictator Anastasio Somoza. Contra is a member of a guerrilla force in Nicaragua that opposed the left-wing Sandinista government 1979-90, and was supported by the US for much of that time.

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The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

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Is a gap in income between one group and another.

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Is a powerful warm western boundary current within the Atlantic Ocean that extends the Gulf Stream northeastward.

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A long, narrow , deep inlet of the sea between high cliffs, as in Norway and Iceland, typically formed by submergence of a glaciated valley.

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A polder is a low-lying tract of land enclosed by dikes that from an artificial hydrological entity, meaning it has no connection with outside water other than through manually operated devices.

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The major branches of Christianity are Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican, and Protestant.

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The legacy of Ancient Rome is still felt today in western culture in areas such as government, law, language, architecture, engineering, and religion.

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During the height of the Greek civilization , Greek culture spread throughout the Mediterranean. It was then imitated by the Ancient Romes

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Russian, German, and French

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Britain led the way in this transformation. By the 1780's the British Industrial Revolution, which had been developing for several decades, began to further accelerate. Manufacturing, business, and the number of wage laborers skyrocketed, starting a trend that would continue into the first half of the 19th century.

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The Agricultural Revolution of the 18th century paved the way for the Industrial Revolution in Britain. New farming techniques and improved livestock breeding led to amplified food production. This allowed a spike in population and increased health. The new farming techniques also led to an enclosure movement.

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Iron Curtain is the notional barrier separating the former Soviet bloc and the West prior to the decline of communism that followed the political events in eastern Europe in 1989. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. As Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to victory in the Second World War.