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Asthma is a lung condition in which the airways (bronchi) in the lungs become swollen and inflamed all the time.

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The source of having Asthma is a combination of both genetic and environmental factors. Asthma can be caused by irritants that trigger allergies, respiratory infections, cold air, strong emotions stress, outdoor activities, etc.

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Respiratory Structures Involved in Asthma

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Respiratory Structures Involved in Asthma

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The small airways (bronchioles) that carry air in and out of the lungs

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Gas exchange occurs between the alveoli and the capillaries, and is when oxygen is delivered to the bloodstream from the lungs and carbon dioxide is eliminated from the carbon dioxide to the bloodstream.

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As asthma affects the bronchi through swelling and inflammation, the amount of air entering the lungs in reduced. Therefore, decreasing the flow of air into the lungs also reduces the amount of oxygen coming in. The inflamed tissues tend to produce excess mucus, clogging the airways. Bronchospasms cause the muscles in the airways to constrict and the airways become narrower. This process results in gas exchange to be affected because less oxygen is received.