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19th Century Reforms: Crash Course US History #15

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The reformers were often nourished by Anabaptist roots-especially Baptist or Quaker-or by a form of faith that was essentially a moralizing Puritanism stood on its head, which is to say, Unitarianism, whose forebears were strict Puritans, but who had concluded to reform its doctrine of "endless misery," into an optimistic one of a progressively more joyful heaven on earth.

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Transcendentalism and the Second Great Awakening inspired American writers and artists to really express what America truly was. People like Washington Irving (Writer of Rip Van Winkle), Herman Melville (Writer of Moby Dick), and Gilbert Stuart (Painted portraits for the founding fathers), were all part of this artsy movement.

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After the Second Great Awakening, people were exposed to the idea of transcendentalism. Transcendentalism basically said that humans were a part of nature and could therefore change the things around them. A leader of transcendentalism was Henry David Thoreau. He pretty much started civil disobedience, not obeying laws that they seemed unjust.

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The foundations for all of the later reform movement started with the Second Great Awakening. The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement that swept across the nation and emphasized the importance of individuals and the role they played in their society. The Second Great Awakening made people realize that they were an important member in their community and that they wanted to make a difference in their country.

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Political Cartoon about the temperance movement

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Political Cartoon about the temperance movement

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Temperance movement | Definition, Leaders, Facts, & Significance

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Temperance movement, movement dedicated to promoting moderation and, more often, complete abstinence in the use of intoxicating liquor. The earliest temperance organizations seem to have been those founded at Saratoga, New York, in 1808 and in Massachusetts in 1813.

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The temperance didn't really have a lot of know leaders but it did have the WCTU, or Woman's Christian Temperance Union. The WCTU formed in 1874 and elected Annie Wittenmyer to be their president. The president then moved onto Frances Willard who did lots of things with the WCTU that didn't even involve alcohol like women's rights.

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The temperance movement was a movement that tried to ban alcohol. Back then, alcohol abuse was everywhere throughout the country. The reformers who started the temperance movement link alcohol abuse with crimes, the breakup of families, and mental illnesses. in 1850, Maine banned the sale of alcohol and soon the other states followed in Maine's footsteps. The laws that banned alcohol was obviously later repealed but the movement gained strength again in the late 1800s.