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Uncle Tom's Cabin was published in 1852 by Harriet Beecher Stowe. It is about a slave named Tom who saves the life of a girl named Eva. The father of Eva purchases Tom, and treats him well. Eva's health started to decline and her dying wish was for her father to free their slaves. He tried to go through with it but was killed. Tom was transported to a new owner, who used brutal treatments. Tom ended up being whipped to death. It showed the reality of slaves lives to people who didn't know. Over 300,000 copies were printed and bought. Many peoples opinions about slavery were changed.
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Britannica

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Stephen Douglas wanted to organize the territories from the Louisiana Purchase. The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed the people to choose whether there were slaves allowed or not, which is called popular sovereignty. This caused a lot of violence, as it violated what the Missouri Compromise said. Many Northerners didn’t like it, and it was something that started the republican party.

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Sound Smart: The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 (Youtube)

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The slavery disagreements shifted from Congress to the Supreme Court in 1857. There was a case concerning a Missouri slave named Dred Scott during this time. Scott had traveled with his owner to Wisconsin a few years back, where slavery was banned. Once he returned to Missouri, Scott went to court to win his freedom. Ruled on March 6, 1857 in a 7-2 vote, Scott was not a free man. They also said that African Americans were not, and would never be citizens.

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Britannica

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During the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the republic party grew, and they nominated Abraham Lincoln to run for Senate. His opponent was Stephen Douglas, who Abe knew, and almost allied with. Douglass was already an Illinois senator. The main topic was slavery. There was 21 hours of debating. Lincoln was anti-slavery, while Douglas didn’t see the problem. Lincoln ended up with more votes, but because of redistricting issues he ended up losing the debate.

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History.com

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John Brown was an abolitionist who used violence to help free slaves. He was praised by many Northerners, as he died for the cause. During the Raid at Harpers Ferry John lead a small group in hopes to start an armed revolt of slaves. He wanted to destroy the institution of slavery. He was born in Ohio with an anti-slavery family. John wasn't financially stable at all. When he was 42 he declared bankruptcy. Still, he fought against slavery until he wound up in jail. On the evening of October 16 1859, they John's group started to head over to Harpers Ferry. John and his men captured important citizens and took the federal armory and arsenal. People soon heard about the raid, and by the morning John and his men were surrounded. In the late afternoon, US Marines led by Colonel Robert E. Lee arrived and stormed John. There was no escape and he was soon tried for murder. He was found guilty, and sentenced to death.
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Battlefields.org

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The Election of 1860 is one of the most crucial elections in American history. Abraham Lincoln (republican) went against Stephen Douglas (democrat). At the time, Lincoln was a little known Illinois senator. The main issues addressed was slavery and states rights. Lincoln ended up winning, and this made him very famous. He went from pretty much a nobody to a national superstar. This was the election leading up to the Civil War, and one of the last major events before it happened.
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