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William and Landy
Average wavelength 100-400nm
Uses:

Killing bacteria

Creating fluorescent effects

Curing inks and resins

Phototherapy

Suntanning

creation of Vitamin D

study the formation of stars in ultraviolet

Benefits and limitation

Benefits

Beneficial effects of UV radiation include the production of vitamin D

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 5 to 15 minutes of sun exposure 2 to 3 times a week.

Limitations

Sunburn is a sign of short-term overexposure, while premature aging and skin cancer are side effects of prolonged UV exposure.

UV exposure increases the risk of potentially blinding eye diseases, if eye protection is not used.

/Overexposure to UV radiation can lead to serious health issues, including cancer, and mental illness.

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Infrared waves range from 1 x 10^-3 to 7.0 x 10^-5m. At the smaller end, they are at the red edge of the visible light spectrum.

Infrared waves are essentially heatwaves.

Applications (Besides being Heat):
- Thermal Imaging
- Astronomy- examining objects in space
- Earth Science- examining changes to global surface temperature

Benefits of thermal imaging technology:
- Changes to emission of heat from the earth can help scientists track climate data and wildfires

- Objects in space such as stars can be seen through imaging and scientists can  estimate the age or size of stars

- The temperatures of people can be checked at places such as international borders to detect potentially ill / feverish people as well as smuggled animals

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Radio waves are the longest waves in the electromagnetic spectrum. They range from 1mm at 300 GHz to 10,000 kilometres at 30 Hz.

Radio waves are generated by charged particles undergoing acceleration, such as time-varying electric currents.

Naturally occurring radio waves are emitted by lightning and astronomical objects, and are part of the blackbody radiation emitted by all warm objects.

Radio waves can be artificially generated by the use of a transmitter connected to an antenna to radiate the waves. They are then received by another antenna with a radio receiver to process the signal.

Typically radio waves are used in radio communication, broadcasting, radar and radio navigation systems, communications satellites, and wireless computer networks.

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X-Rays are mostly used to examine the body.  They're mainly used to examine bones and joints. Sometimes they're used to detect problems affecting soft tissue, such as internal organs. X-rays helps to show problems like bone fractures or breaks.

X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation similar to radio waves, microwaves, visible light and gamma rays. X-ray photons are highly energetic and have enough energy to break up molecules and hence damage living cells. When X-rays hit a material some are absorbed and others pass through. Generally, the higher the energy the more X-rays will pass through. The penetrating power that allows us to take internal images of the human body or objects.

X-rays are electromagnetic radiations of short wavelength and high frequency, with wavelengths ranging from 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻¹² metres and frequencies of 10¹⁶ to 10²⁰ hertz. X-rays use ionizing radiation to take photos. X-rays have enough energy to pass through the body, and they continue passing through until it hits a detector on the other side of the body.

Pros:
-X-rays may be quicker and less expensive than MRIs
-noninvasively and painlessly help to diagnose disease and monitor therapy
-support medical and surgical treatment planning
-guide medical personnel as they insert catheters, stents, or other devices inside the body, treat tumors, or remove blood clots or other blockages

Cons:
-possible long-term risks from radiation exposure, particularly in children and those who get frequent X-rays
-lack of detailed images, as an X-ray is a single, flat image rather than multiple images at different angles

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wavelength of 0.1 m - 1 m

Uses:

bluetooth - uses 2.4 GHz microwaves

microwave oven - emits microwaves which bounce around and gets absorbed by the food, causing the molecules to vibrate and the food to heart up

Pros:

doesn't require combustion to heat up food

heats food quickly

Cons:

communication limited to 48-64 km

exposure to radiation can be a health risk

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Visible light is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is perceived by the human eye. It ranges from approximately 400 to 700 nanometer in wavelength, corresponding to frequencies between 400 and 800 terahertz. Visible light is emitted by various sources, including the Sun, stars, and artificial light sources such as light bulbs and LEDs

Applications: Imaging and visualization, Visible light is extensively used in various imaging technologies, including photography, video cameras, and optical microscopes

Pro- different colors, allowing for the capture of images in full color, providing rich and detailed visual information.

Cons- Visible light cannot penetrate through opaque objects or tissues, which limits its application in certain imaging scenarios, such as deep-tissue imaging.

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Gamma rays have wavelengths shorter than 10^-11 meters and frequencies above 30 x 10^18 hertz
Applications : Sterilization and Disinfection
Radiotherapy - killing cancer
Sterilize food
Pros - No electrical or water supply needed, smaller equipment, can kill living cells
Cons - can cause ionizations that damage tissue and DNA