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Blakemore (2019)

Ethnic in Myanmar who received sustained discrimination by the government.

In 2017, the crisis peaked, and the massive fleeing of Rohingya from Myanmar happened.

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Some portray them as victims in humanitarian aspects, while others portray them as threats to national security (Irom et al., 2022; Kironska & Peng, 2021)

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Previous studies have been limited to news media outlets in Western, Asia, and home countries.

This study aims to find the contrast between news media outlets in Indonesia as the host country of Rohingya refugees and Middle Eastern as the shared religion country in covering the issue, focusing on the securitisation frame.

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RQ1: How did Indonesia and Middle-East media frame Rohingya refugees in 2017-2023?

RQ2: How often does the securitisation frame occur in Indonesia and Middle-East media frame Rohingya refugees in 2017-2023?

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Quantitative content analysis as the method

56 news articles from LKBN Antara (Indonesia) and 216 news articles from Al Jazeera (Qatar) as the sample

Securitisation, victim, administrative, humanitarian, and diversity frame (Dimitrova et al., 2018; Ehmer & Kothari, 2020; Irom et al., 2022; Lawlor & Tolley, 2017; Rana & Riaz, 2023) as the category in examining news article

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As the host country, Indonesian news outlet, LKBN Antara, tends to report Rohingya refugees in the administrative frame. Exemplified by several articles regarding how the Indonesian government formulated regulations and raised the crisis to the high-level meeting.

As a representative of Middle-East news media outlets, Al Jazeera shows similar results as other international media in previous studies that view the Rohingya as a victim in humanitarian issue.

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Blakemore, E. (2019). Who are the Rohingya people? Retrieved March 21, 2024, from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/rohingya-people

Dimitrova, D. V., Ozdora-Aksak, E., & Colleen, C.-A. (2018). On the Border of the Syrian Refugee Crisis: Views From Two Different Cultural Perspectives. American Behavioral Scientist, 62, 532-546. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764218756920

Ehmer, E., & Kothari, A. (2020). Malaysia and the Rohingya: Media, Migration, and Politics. Journal of immigrant & Refugee Studies, 19(4), 378-392. https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2020.1821274

Irom, B., Borah, P., Vishnevskaya, A., & Gibbons, S. (2022). News Framing of the Rohingya Crisis: Content Analysis of Newspaper Coverage from Four Countries. Journal of immigrant & Refugee Studies, 20(1), 109-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2021.1906472

Kironska, K., & Peng, N.-N. (2021). How state-run media shape perceptions: an analysis of the projection of the Rohingya in the Global New Light of Myanmar. South East Asia Research, 29, 16-31.

Rana, M. S., & Riaz, A. (2023). Securitization of the Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 58(7), 1274-1290.

Lawlor, A., & Tolley, E. (2017). Deciding Who’s Legitimate: News Media Framing of Immigrants and Refugees. International Journal of Communication, 11.