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¿Qué aprendieron?

El tema del que vamos hablar nos enseña sobre las técnicas de la memorización activa.

Aprendimos que cuando debemos estudiar algo, no es necesario sabérselo de memoria o grabárselo en la mente, ya que enseñándole o explicarle lo que estudias a otras personas también te ayuda a desarrollarte mejor al momento de hablar, o cuando te toque dar un examen saber las respuestas y terminar más rápido.

Existen varios ejemplos para aplicarla:

Hacer resúmenes sin mirar el texto.

Enseñar a alguien lo que aprendiste.

Crear imágenes mentales o historias con lo que estudias.

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Nos organizamos de la siguiente manera:

Hablamos en el grupo de WhatsApp, visualizamos la guía y luego nos dividimos los deberes para que cada uno trabajara y así terminar nuestro deber rápido y bien hecho.

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Luego nos reunimos en zoom para verificar que nuestro trabajo hecho por cada integrante este bien realizado para así poder presentarla con seguridad.

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La memorización activa es un método de aprendizaje que permite ponernos a prueba continuamente extrayendo información de la memoria en lugar de leer apuntes pasivamente. Ayuda a transferir la información a la memoria a largo plazo, lo que la convierte en uno de los mejores métodos de repaso y aprendizaje.

https://www.bcu.ac.uk/exams-and-revision/best-ways-to-revise/active-recall

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What is active recall? The best study method explained (and how to use it)

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What is active recall, and how does it work? Learn how this powerful revision technique can boost your memory and improve your exam results.

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El estudio de la memorización activa es mucho más eficaz que el reconocimiento o el repaso pasivo para consolidar la información en la memoria a largo plazo. Es la forma más rápida y eficaz de estudiar, ya sea para exámenes fácticos o de resolución de problemas.

https://www.brainscape.com/academy/active-recall-definition-studying/

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There isn't a student under the sun who hasn't faced down an exam like a sweaty cowboy in a gunfight, hand hovering over the holstered weapon, fierce and ready to draw, only to discover in the trembling heat of the moment that *click* the chambers are empty and you're in deep doo-doo.

We've all been there. While you may have studied, and studied hard, something happened in that exam to leave your high caliber intellectual weaponry devoid of bullets. You've spent hours studying for your exam but the big day finally arrived, and your mind failed you.

We all want to use our time to learn as efficiently as possible (and not blank on the big day). If rereading, summarizing, and highlighting isn't enough, then what should we be doing?

Allow me to introduce a simple hack that will improve your learning process: active recall.

What is active recall?

Active recall is when you actively stimulate your memory for a piece of information.

Imagine reviewing medical facts for your Physiology test. You have all the terms written on flashcards, and now you're going through them. As you turn over a new card, you see the question, and you know that on the other side is the answer.

That moment-when you try to remember the answer before checking it-is active recall. It's retrieval practice; it's when your brain goes into its vast scaffolded storehouse of information and looks for that one specific piece of data.

What active recall is not

Active recall vs. recognition

Contrast this with doing a multiple-choice test (which doesn't work well for studying). Because all the answers are in front of you, you don't get that moment of blank-faced concentration while you find the data in your brain; there's no retrieval practice. You simply look at the answers and choose the one which seems right. This isn't active recall, it's recognition.

Active recall vs. passive review

Active recall is also not the same as re-reading or highlighting. Re-reading is when you go back through your notes. Maybe you skim them or maybe you go back through them in depth. But you're not reaching back into that bank of knowledge you have stuffed in your brain to retrieve the information, so it's not active recall. Re-reading and highlighting are forms of passive review.

Why does retrieval practice matter? Active learning gets As

Active recall matters to you because it's the key to real learning and getting incredible grades.

Active recall is much more effective than either recognition or passive review at consolidating information in your long-term memory. It's the quickest and most effective way to study-either for factual or problem-solving tests. It's also more effective than other forms of more active review, like note-taking and concept mapping (although these can also be useful study techniques).

The cognitive science behind active recall

Why is active recall so effective? Basically, the more we practice retrieving information from our memory, the better we get at it. In fact, it's the retrieval practice that actually helps us learn the information.

Karpicke and Roediger did the classic research on this. Their famous study is a bit complex, but they basically found that what matters for recalling information is how much you test yourself on it using active recall. It also demonstrates that you should use active recall on everything you're trying to remember, not just the stuff you think you haven't mastered yet.

In a follow-up study, researchers found that retrieval (active recall) was more effective than concept mapping or elaborative study for remembering information. Further research has continued to support these findings.

The take away is this: retrieving information using active recall helps you remember it. It's much better than simply recognizing an answer, re-reading information, note-taking, or concept mapping.

How do I use active recall?

Great, active recall will help you avoid getting to the test and completely blanking. But how exactly do you use it to study?

There are a few ways, but here are 3 that work.

1. SQ3R method

The SQ3R method is used to remember what you read in a piece of text: maybe a chapter of your history textbook. The method has five steps, in order: survey, question, read, retrieve, and review.

Survey: survey or skim the material to get an idea of what it is about.

Question: create some questions that you have and that you think the text might answer.

Read: Then actively read the text, trying to answer the questions you created.

Retrieve: This is the active recall part. Recall from memory the information you learned. Use your own words to formulate the material. Do it either orally or in writing.

Review: Once you finish that, repeat back to yourself what the point of the material was, and summarize what you learned.

Research finds that this is an effective way to learn material.

2. Feynman technique

We love the Feynman technique so much that we've written a whole post on it. The principle is very simple: the best way to learn something is to teach it.

You don't actually have to teach other people, you can even simply explain the material to your coffee cup or the wall. What's important is that you try to break down the material and use your own words to explain it.

3. Flashcards

This is our favorite way to use active recall: flashcards. Flashcards are extremely effective study tools. You've known this since you were in Grade 9 when you saw Lucy using her color-coded flashcards to get an A in every class. But now you know why they're so great: active recall.

At Brainscape, we've married active recall with spaced-repetition and metacognition. Together, these three form a perfect trifecta of using cognitive science to optimize learning.

Brainscape pairs active recall with spaced repetition and metacognition to make the most effective study tool ever.

Brainscape's mobile and online flashcards use active recall because you have to remember the answer rather than just recognizing it or reading it. Then, you have to rate yourself on how well you knew the answer; this is metacognition. Finally, our algorithm uses spaced repetition to repeat the cards that you don't know very well often, so you can master them. It'll also repeat the ones you think you do know-just not as often. This bases the frequency of repetition on how well you know it. That way, your ability to recall is reinforced over and over again.

Brainscape flashcards get you to use active recall. Then you rate how well you knew the answer. If you know it well, it'll repeat less frequently than if you didn't know it.

It's elegantly simple and it works. The result is the fastest way to learn all your materials.

Active recall just means reaching back into your brain for information. It's not complicated.

But this simple tool is powerful: it's the most effective way to learn and remember. If you're looking to be a top student, pass an important exam, master a foreign language, or you're doing any other kind of learning, you need to use active recall.

What will you get? Quicker, more effective studying, better knowledge retention, and the ability to remember the information learned. It'll translate into you knocking your exam flat on its back and walking away into the bloodshot sunset.

Check out our huge guide to effective studying for more great tips on getting that A ... and avoid these common mistakes students make.

Sources

Butler, A. C. (2010). Repeated testing produces superior transfer of learning relative to repeated studying. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(5), 1118. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019902

Karpicke, J. D., & Blunt, J. R. (2011). Retrieval practice produces more learning than elaborative studying with concept mapping. Science, 331(6018), 772-775. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199327

Karpicke, J. D., & Roediger, H. L. (2008). The critical importance of retrieval for learning. Science, 319(5865), 966-968. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1152408

McDaniel, M. A., Howard, D. C., & Einstein, G. O. (2009). The read-recite-review study strategy: Effective and portable. Psychological Science, 20(4), 516-522. https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9280.2009.02325.x

Nilson, L.(2010). Teaching at its best: A research-based resource for college instructors. Jossey-Bass.

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What is Active Recall? How to use it to ace your exams

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There isn't a student under the sun who hasn't faced down an exam like a sweaty cowboy in a gunfight, hand hovering over the holstered weapon, fierce and ready to draw, only to discover in the trembling heat of the moment that *click* the chambers are empty and you're in deep doo-doo.

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Memorización pasiva:

La memoria pasiva consiste en revisar el aprendizaje de forma pasiva, lo que suele hacerse leyendo la misma información una y otra vez, sin retener nada.

Memorización activa:

La memoria activa es la técnica de aprendizaje más eficaz y eficiente de las dos. El proceso implica estimular activamente el cerebro durante el aprendizaje, lo que implica una mayor concentración al traer a la memoria la información almacenada en la memoria a largo plazo.

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Memorización activa utilizada en el estudio

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Memorización activa utilizada en el estudio

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La memoria en la adquisición de la lengua inglesa.

Los resultados avalan una alta confianza del alumnado en la memorización como estrategia de aprendizaje en la lengua inglesa como lengua extranjera. Un 34% casi siempre la emplea y un 24’5%, siempre. En cuanto a la correlación con las distintas subtareas, la memorización influye positivamente en reconocer la palabra adecuada según el contexto.

https://publicaciones.unirioja.es/ojs/index.php/contextos/article/view/594

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Autores/as María Dolores Corpas Arellano Universidad de Granada

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Estrategias de aprendizaje : la memoria en la adquisición de la lengua inglesa | Contextos Educativos. Revista de Educación

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Esta investigación empírica pretende estudiar la memoria y el proceso de memorización como estrategia de aprendizaje en la adquisición de la lengua inglesa. Así pretendemos conocer si el alumnado de cuarto de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria utiliza esta estrategia de aprendizaje, en qué medida lo hace y qué repercusión tiene en el aprendizaje de la lengua inglesa. Los resultados avalan una alta confianza del alumnado en la memorización como estrategia de aprendizaje en la lengua inglesa como lengua extranjera. Un 34% casi siempre la emplea y un 24’5%, siempre. En cuanto a la correlación con las distintas sub-tareas, la memorización influye positivamente en reconocer la palabra adecuada según el contexto.

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Memorización pasiva utilizada en el estudio.

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Memorización pasiva utilizada en el estudio.

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En el siguiente artículo presenta una fuerte crítica hacia la enseñanza basada en la memorización pasiva (mecánica), que se centra en copiar, calcar y repetir datos sin retener nada de información, proponiendo una enseñanza basada en el pensamiento crítico y en la reflexión.

https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/652/65201004.pdf

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Consiste en asociar la información que deseas memorizar con algo que ya conoces o que te resulte familiar. Por ejemplo, puedes asociar un número de teléfono con una fecha importante o un nombre con una característica física.

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Las flashcards, que también se llaman “tarjetas de estudio” o “fichas de estudio”, son pequeñas tarjetas diseñadas para ayudar a memorizar información de forma rápida. En un lado se escribe una pregunta, palabra clave o concepto, y en el otro la respuesta o definición.

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Consiste en crear imágenes mentales que te ayuden a recordar la información. Por ejemplo, puedes crear una imagen mental de un mapa para recordar la ubicación de un lugar o crear una imagen mental de un objeto para recordar su forma y características.

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Consiste en crear una frase o palabra que te ayude a recordar información. Cada letra de la frase o palabra corresponde a la primera letra de la información que deseas memorizar. Por ejemplo, puedes crear un acróstico para recordar los colores del arcoíris: "ROJO, NARANJA, AMARILLO, VERDE, AZUL, ÍNDIGO, VIOLETA" se convierte en "Rey Nacho Ama Ver Azules Insectos Vivos".

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Cómo memorizar | Técnicas de memorización

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Una de las más útiles fue la técnica de repetición, ya que consiste en repetir la información que deseas memorizar varias veces, ya sea en voz alta o mentalmente. La repetición ayuda a consolidar la información en la memoria a largo plazo y así cuando nos pregunten por algo ya nos lo hemos aprendido, ya que de tanto repetir y repetir se nos queda en la mente, como por ejemplo, cuando aprendemos una canción, nos la aprendemos de tanto reproducir la canción .

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Check out this Trifold Brochure (EU) designed by Aadrian Samuel Mero Delgado.

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Historia, Lengua, Ciencias Naturales

Porque en estas materias se relacionan datos con cosas conocidas, como fechas, palabras o procesos.

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Ciencias Naturales, Historia, Matemáticas, Arte, Idiomas

Al ser versátil se adapta a cualquier materia que conlleva memorizar datos, conceptos o definiciones.

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Geografía, Arte, Literatura

Porque estas materias requieren imaginar mapas, imágenes o escenas para entender mejor.

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Química, Física, Música

Para recordar listas, fórmulas o secuencias como elementos, unidades o notas musicales.

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BRITANY ANAHY BAILON MERO (si participó)
LESLIE TAHINA GARCIA VELEZ (si participó)
ADRIAN SAMUEL MERO DELGADO (si participó)
MARIA BELEN MERO SUAREZ (si participó)
LEONEL ARTURO MOREIRA SANCHEZ (si participó)
JORGE ENRIQUE NAVARRETE MENDOZA (si participó)
ERWIN DERECK PARRALES GARCIA (si participó)
OSCAR FABRICIO ZAMBRANO FLECHER (no participó)