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Counterclaims- Technology allows teachers to build on students interests

Counterclaims- Technology also makes it easier for students to join virtually if they can't come in person by using google classroom and Voom.

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Kids between 8-18 spend 4 thousand hours a year on digital media.(Source 3)

Video games can stunt the development of complex skills. (Source 4)

Counterclaim to video games- video games are good at building spatial skills which will help in future careers in stem (Source 4)

Counterclaim to video games- Video games also can develop skills of inductive reasoning. (Source 4)

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10 Benefits of Using Technology in the Classroom

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We might not completely recognize them yet, but the benefits of using technology in education are exponential. Since we live in a fast-moving world, incorporating technology in the classroom is not just an option, but a necessity. Students have grown up in an environment dominated by innovation and apps. Because of thi

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Top 5 Benefits of Technology in the Classroom

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Technology has transformed life as we know it, and the classroom looks much different than it did 50—or even 10—years ago.

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Too much tech? An argument for keeping schools low-tech

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https://news.stanford.edu/report/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2022/11/antero-garcia-edited.mp3
Listen to the essay, as read by Antero Garcia, associate professor in the Graduate School of Education.
As a professor of education and a former public school teacher, I've seen digital tools change lives in schools.

I've documented the ways mobile technology like phones can transform student engagement in my own classroom.

I've explored how digital tools might network powerful civic learning and dialogue for classrooms across the country - elements of education that are crucial for sustaining our democracy today.

And, like everyone, I've witnessed digital technologies make schooling safer in the midst of a global pandemic. Zoom and Google Classroom, for instance, allowed many students to attend classrooms virtually during a period when it was not feasible to meet in person.

So I want to tell you that I think technologies are changing education for the better and that we need to invest more in them - but I just can't.

Given the substantial amount of scholarly time I've invested in documenting the life-changing possibilities of digital technologies, it gives me no pleasure to suggest that these tools might be slowly poisoning us. Despite their purported and transformational value, I've been wondering if our investment in educational technology might in fact be making our schools worse.

Let me explain.

When I was a classroom teacher, I loved relying on the latest tools to create impressive and immersive experiences for my students. We would utilize technology to create class films, produce social media profiles for the Janie Crawfords, the Holden Caulfields, and other literary characters we studied, and find playful ways to digitally share our understanding of the ideas we studied in our classrooms.

As a teacher, technology was a way to build on students' interests in pop culture and the world around them. This was exciting to me.

But I've continued to understand that the aspects of technology I loved weren't actually about technology at all - they were about creating authentic learning experiences with young people. At the heart of these digital explorations were my relationships with students and the trust we built together.

"Part of why I've grown so skeptical about this current digital revolution is because of how these tools reshape students' bodies and their relation to the world around them."

I do see promise in the suite of digital tools that are available in classrooms today. But my research focus on platforms - digital spaces like Amazon, Netflix, and Google that reshape how users interact in online environments - suggests that when we focus on the trees of individual tools, we ignore the larger forest of social and cognitive challenges.

Most people encounter platforms every day in their online social lives. From the few online retail stores where we buy groceries to the small handful of sites that stream our favorite shows and media content, platforms have narrowed how we use the internet today to a small collection of Silicon Valley behemoths. Our social media activities, too, are limited to one or two sites where we check on the updates, photos, and looped videos of friends and loved ones.

These platforms restrict our online and offline lives to a relatively small number of companies and spaces - we communicate with a finite set of tools and consume a set of media that is often algorithmically suggested. This centralization of internet - a trend decades in the making - makes me very uneasy.

From willfully hiding the negative effects of social media use for vulnerable populations to creating tools that reinforce racial bias, today's platforms are causing harm and sowing disinformation for young people and adults alike. The deluge of difficult ethical and pedagogical questions around these tools are not being broached in any meaningful way in schools - even adults aren't sure how to manage their online lives.

You might ask, "What does this have to do with education?" Platforms are also a large part of how modern schools operate. From classroom management software to attendance tracking to the online tools that allowed students to meet safely during the pandemic, platforms guide nearly every student interaction in schools today. But districts are utilizing these tools without considering the wider spectrum of changes that they have incurred alongside them.

For example, it might seem helpful for a school to use a management tool like Classroom Dojo (a digital platform that can offer parents ways to interact with and receive updates from their family's teacher) or software that tracks student reading and development like Accelerated Reader for day-to-day needs. However, these tools limit what assessment looks like and penalize students based on flawed interpretations of learning.

Another problem with platforms is that they, by necessity, amass large swaths of data. Myriad forms of educational technology exist - from virtual reality headsets to e-readers to the small sensors on student ID cards that can track when students enter schools. And all of this student data is being funneled out of schools and into the virtual black boxes of company databases.

Part of why I've grown so skeptical about this current digital revolution is because of how these tools reshape students' bodies and their relation to the world around them. Young people are not viewed as complete human beings but as boxes checked for attendance, for meeting academic progress metrics, or for confirming their location within a school building. Nearly every action that students perform in schools - whether it's logging onto devices, accessing buildings, or sharing content through their private online lives - is noticed and recorded. Children in schools have become disembodied from their minds and their hearts. Thus, one of the greatest and implicit lessons that kids learn in schools today is that they must sacrifice their privacy in order to participate in conventional, civic society.

The pandemic has only made the situation worse. At its beginnings, some schools relied on software to track students' eye movements, ostensibly ensuring that kids were paying attention to the tasks at hand. Similarly, many schools required students to keep their cameras on during class time for similar purposes. These might be seen as in the best interests of students and their academic growth, but such practices are part of a larger (and usually more invisible) process of normalizing surveillance in the lives of youth today.

I am not suggesting that we completely reject all of the tools at our disposal - but I am urging for more caution. Even the seemingly benign resources we might use in our classrooms today come with tradeoffs. Every Wi-Fi-connected, "smart" device utilized in schools is an investment in time, money, and expertise in technology over teachers and the teaching profession.

Our focus on fixing or saving schools via digital tools assumes that the benefits and convenience that these invisible platforms offer are worth it.

But my ongoing exploration of how platforms reduce students to quantifiable data suggests that we are removing the innovation and imagination of students and teachers in the process.

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Technology might be making education worse

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Listen to the essay, as read by Antero Garcia, associate professor in the Graduate School of Education.

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Technology has done wonders in our lives. It has provided us with so many fascinating things and opportunities that one would never have thought about. It has made our lives so easy and comfortable and has become part of our life. As much as we want, we can not live without it. As big as a computer and as small as the chip in the same computer. It is a boon to us. But does this always benefits us? Is it effective in all phases of life? Well, I was of the view that it does. And in the pandemic, I observed how important it is to be tech-savvy. Being an online teacher for two years made me realize that even education is so dependent upon technology and is in need of the teaching-learning environment as well.

Being a part of 'The Great EdTech Debate' under my EC&I830 course, I got the chance to listen to some of the great points made by my peers. Initially, I was of the view that Technology enhances learning as it has been a part of my teaching currier throughout. Being able to use technology in my class has boosted my teaching abilities. I had ample resources online to look at when I have to refer about anything in particular to my students. The endless ocean of information allowed me to look for resources that can benefit my students and enhance their learning. It helped me to make them more engaged in the classroom. And so when during the initial voting, my vote has to go to the agree side only, just like many others. But will I be on the same page at the end also? Well.... who knows?

The agree side made some very crucial points such as:

1. Access to Information & Resources: Technology has transformed the way information is accessed and transferred. For personal communications, there are blogs, Wikipedia, and instant messaging to communicate. New software, like Blackboard and podcasting, impacts the way instructors interact with classes. The ample amount of resources to teach with and Information to share has changed and enhanced the whole process of teaching and learning.

2. Increased Engagement: Technology helps in keeping the kids more engaged and enhanced their learning as well. The learning has been gamified to make it more interesting and fun. Watching videos that are not just enjoyable but teach values as well. Personalized activities, online quizzes, online meets, and whatnot. They all increase the engagement of kids and thereby make them more involved.

3. Skills for success: With the help of technology, a variety of skills can be learned. Providing students with opportunities to work on challenging tools and applications, leads to the development of critical thinking. Online platforms can help them develop creative skills that they may pursue in the future, such as music, videos, art, etc.

4. Promotes Collaboration and Communication: Technology has led to collaborative learning as students learn to interact with each other more through online platforms, share and comment on each other's work and analyze it, thereby increasing their critical thinking.

5. Restructures Teacher's Time: It helps in restructuring teachers' time as one can communicate effectively with parents through calls or e-mails. Also, to provide any information like a sudden holiday or change in class time, one can just send a text message. Making a worksheet online can be used in different classes again and again thus saving time to rewrite everything on blackboards. Having access to various teaching-learning materials online could also save our time and enhance our learning as well.

6. Adaptation/Accommodation: One of the best points that were discussed by the agree team was that technology has led to more adaptive learning. Students with any sort of learning difficulty can adapt themselves to normal classroom learning by using technology like hearing aids, Google speech, and so on.

Those were some of the major points discussed which I highly agree with. But will I have the same view after we get to know what the opposition has to say?

So the other team had to oppose the thought that technology enhances learning. Well, not many would disagree with that. Even so, the points made by the opponents were valid, making me wonder: does this gift I talked about really help? Following were the points that were highlighted in the counter debate.

1. Distraction: No one can deny the fact that technology has led to a huge amount of distraction among children. Staying on their phones all the time and relying on them has made them away from valuable things in their life. Technology has been a distraction for them not just at home but in their studies as well. It is commonly observed that students have a habit of constantly checking their phones and it can be said that they are addicted to it. They are distracted by an abundance of notifications, so they are unable to focus.

2. No real connections: Technology has made students hide behind the screen and hence they feel more comfortable only when they have technological devices with them. This has made them lose real connections and they have started feeling socially awkward. The only thing that is keeping them connected is social media. No real friendship- as there's a competition of constantly proving themselves and being able to adapt to this fake, artificial world. and thereby leading them to a negative environment.

3. Feeling of Isolation: With the increasing technological advancement and a never-ending need for technical knowledge have made everyone shift themselves to an artificial world, leading us to a place where everyone is constantly on their phones or computers. In this technological world, children have started feeling alone and isolated. Because of the busy schedule, parents also don't have enough time to spend with their kids which is ultimately leading them to become more dependent on the online world.

4. Health Issues: There's no solid proof that using technology, the learning of children has shown any drastic uplift, but it is surely observed that it has led to major health issues amongst children. Reduced physical activities, increased risk of depression, lower wellbeing, weaker eyesight, obesity, tension, and anxiety. At the age where children should be enjoying their lives and learning new things, they are all flanked by all these mental, physical and social problems.

5. Inequity: The society has always been partial and inequitable. Different people in different places, in different countries have different priorities. Technology has increased this gap. On one side there are fortunate one's who have access to all the resources and they can use them for their own advancement while others strive for basic necessities-like food, shelter and basic education.

There will probably never be a conclusion to such debates. In the end, we blame the government for not providing the students with technology that can enhance their learning, as we continue to get points, one after another. When we adapt things, there will always be hazards, but we must guide our students to use the material effectively and refine it for them. While I agree that using technology in the classroom will have some disadvantages, we cannot live without it either. As for Britney, I agree with her. I mean, who wants to write the same thing 26 times when you can photocopy it?

Technology is inevitable and so is inequality. But is this the Technology that is creating inequality in society? Or is it making our society more equitable? Well, that was what the second topic of our debate was. Has technology led to a more equitable society? The arguments of the teams goes like this.
Agree Team
The agree team gave certain facts that has helped students with disabilities to have more equitable education. Assistive tech has enhanced the learning environment of such students and has made them more self dependent.

Equitable education: There is no denying the fact that technology has led to more equality in education. By the invention of assistive technology, it has surely become easier and convenient for children with disability to help them with their educational needs and have further more made the education system more inclusive.

Access to Education: With the advancement in technology, more students have got access to education. students can learn from the comfort of their homes and at their own pace. With a wide range of internet access, technology has helped a lot of students to learn from a remote locations. Technology is thus being used to increase access to education for people with different social and economic backgrounds globally.

Differentiated Learning: The " Role of Technology in Reimagining School" states that "Technology also makes it easier for teachers to share the work of developing differentiated lessons. If every teacher is teaching two-digit multiplication, one can develop games for skills practice while another creates word problems." Learning through different sources increases students' understanding, they are motivated by watching videos and solving quizzes online.

Even so, there are still many cultural and societal obstacles to fair, inclusive, and equal access to education. This issue is global; too many exclusions still block the fundamental right to access education worldwide. While we are moving in the right direction, even with the most advanced technology, we have a long way to go before everyone has access to education throughout their lives.
Disagree Team
Some very strong and important points were highlighted by the disagree team which made us rethink that it whether technology leads to an equitable society?

Inequity Gap: Access to technology has always been a major concern of all the educators. Students with minorities and lower income groups can not afford technological devices. Even if the government provides the devices to them, they do not get parental support at home since parents lack understanding of these devices.

Funding: This is one of the major cause of inequity. The funds provided by different governments globally are not enough to provide all the students with materials needed. This was seen during the Pandemic as well wherein many students were not able to take classes due to unavailability of resources.

Digital Divide: Digital Divide is not just not having access to technology but also how that technology is used. Tablets and smartphones can not replace a computers. Families with multiple kids often face this issue. Also, the students who somehow arrange for devices to use it for education often lack the knowledge of using the devices appropriately as they are not digital natives.

Other than these there are many more factors that lead to this inequity. Lack of teachers' training, the home learning environment and we can keep counting. All these lead to widening the gap of inequality among students. Even the companies that make online educational materials are profit-driven and so the materials are not made keeping into consideration students from different linguistic and socio-economic groups.
Conclusion
Technology has a lot of disadvantages, so as long as students do not have equal access to these technological devices, it is hard to imagine that society will be equitable. Many students with disabilities benefit from assistive technology, but the technology comes at a cost, and only a few can afford it. In the global context, many developing and underdeveloped countries cannot afford to fund students with basic stationery for their education, let alone technology to enhance learning. Technology is indeed a great tool, but only when it works, or rather when it is available for everyone. Technology, though it is one of the many factors contributing to the increase of inequity in society, is not the only factor that affects inequality in society.

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Technology has done wonders in our lives. It has provided us with so many fascinating things and opportunities that one would never have thought about. It has made our lives so easy and comfortable and has become part of our life. As much as we want, we can not live without it.

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