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The Temuan are the third largest of the nineteen Orang Asli groups in Peninsular Malaysia. Physically similar to Malays, they are heavily influenced by Malay culture. Traditionally, they lived as rural peasants, practicing subsistence farming, hunting, gathering, and fishing. To earn cash, they tapped rubber, collected forest products, sold fruit, and did occasional wage labor. (Hazim, M. 2023, January 8)

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Material Used:
Temuan traditional clothing is crafted from the inner bark of the Terap tree, known for its thinness and durability.

Fabric Processing:
The bark is processed into fabric and dyed using natural pigments, creating vibrant colors and intricate patterns.

Occasions for Wearing:
This traditional attire is typically worn during special occasions such as weddings, ancestral ceremonies (Aik Muyang), and official visits.

ORANG ASLI TEMUAN - SITE VISIT. (2025, March 15). Roszie Amir.

Hazim, M. (2023, January 8). The Temuan tribe’s Ancestor’s Day.

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Materials Used:
Historically, the Orang Seletar crafted their clothing from natural materials readily available in their environment.

Men's Traditional Clothing:
Men traditionally wore loincloths made from pounded tree bark.

Women's Traditional Clothing:
Women wore skirts crafted from pounded tree bark, similar to practices among other Orang Asli groups.

Accessories:
Their outfits were often complemented with belts, headbands, and bracelets, all fashioned from natural elements such as vines, leaves, and fibers.

KAUM ASLI SELETAR. (n.d.). Issuu

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The Mamak community in Malaysia, primarily comprising Indian Muslims, showcases a rich blend of Indian and Malay cultures in their traditional attire. Mamak traditional clothing reflects a harmonious fusion of Indian and Malay cultures, emphasizing modesty and elegance.

Prezi, F. N. O. (n.d.). BABA & NYONYA / INDIA MUSLIM.

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The Orang Seletar, an indigenous community residing along the Straits of Johor in southern Malaysia, are part of the broader Orang Asli group and are closely associated with the Orang Laut, or "sea people." Their traditional attire reflects their deep connection to the maritime environment and their resourceful use of natural materials.​

KAUM ASLI SELETAR. (n.d.). Issuu

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The Mah Meri are an indigenous Orang Asli tribe from Pulau Carey, Selangor, known for their intricate wood carvings and distinctive ceremonial attire made from natural materials, which hold deep symbolic meaning in their rituals and festivals.

Heong, Y. (2024, July 9). Appreciating the Mah Meri cultural traditions in Pulau Carey, Weekly-Echo.

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The Penan are an indigenous, traditionally nomadic people residing in the rainforests of Sarawak, Malaysia. Their attire reflects their deep connection to the forest and their resourceful use of natural materials.​

Sarawak. (2017, October 8). This Is Malaysia.

KDCA sabah. (n.d.).

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Men's Traditional Attire:
Men usually wear the Baju Melayu paired with a kain pelikat (sarong), reflecting traditional Malay culture.

Women's Traditional Attire:
Women often wear a sari or a baju kurung, showcasing the blend of different cultural influences.

Variation Based on Occasion:
The choice of attire changes depending on the event, such as religious ceremonies, weddings, or cultural festivals.

Elaborate Designs for Special Events:
More decorative and intricate outfits are typically worn during festive occasions, symbolizing respect and celebration.

Mixed Malay Heritage. (n.d.).

Prezi, F. N. O. (n.d.). BABA & NYONYA / INDIA MUSLIM.

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Men's Traditional Clothing:
Men wear garments made from Terap bark, styled as tunics or wraps, often complemented with a tanjak (headgear woven from mengkuang, nipah, or coconut palm leaves), symbolizing honor and respect.

Women's Traditional Clothing:
Temuan women wear blouses and sarongs made from the same bark material.

Accessories:
Women accessorize with the tempuk (headbands), simpai (rattan bracelets), beaded earrings, and necklaces, all crafted from natural materials. These adornments signify their cultural identity.

ORANG ASLI TEMUAN - SITE VISIT. (2025, March 15). Roszie Amir.

Hazim, M. (2023, January 8). The Temuan tribe’s Ancestor’s Day.

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Cultural Significance:
The traditional clothing of the Mah Meri people reflects rich cultural meaning and skilled craftsmanship.

Material Used:
Both men and women wear garments made from the bark of the terap tree, processed into a soft, cloth-like fabric.

Additional Decorations:
Dried nipah palm leaves are used to create skirts or fringes, adding texture and movement to their outfits.

Women's Accessories:
Women enhance their look with intricate origami-inspired hair adornments, showing creativity and festive spirit.

Ceremonial Masks:
A key feature of Mah Meri ceremonial attire is the use of elaborately carved wooden masks representing ancestral spirits.

Role of Masks in Rituals:
The masks are worn during ceremonies like the Ari Muyang festival to honor and connect with the spirits through dances and rituals.

Heong, Y. (2024, July 9). Appreciating the Mah Meri cultural traditions in Pulau Carey, Weekly-Echo.

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Men's Traditional Clothing:
Penan men typically wear a loincloth (sirat) made from bark cloth or woven fabric, wrapped around the waist and passed between the legs for comfort and ease of movement in the jungle.

Men's Accessories:
Men accessorize with handcrafted items like beads, feathers, and animal bones, serving both decorative and symbolic purposes.

Men's Ceremonial Attire:
During ceremonies, men may wear elaborate headdresses adorned with feathers and natural materials to signify status and tribal identity.

Women's Traditional Clothing:
Penan women traditionally wear modest blouses paired with woven fabric skirts, suited for their practical lifestyle.

Women's Accessories:
Women display their cultural heritage through intricate beadwork necklaces and bracelets.

Women's Ceremonial Attire:
Like the men, women may wear decorative headdresses featuring beads and feathers during festivals and important events.

Sarawak. (2017, October 8). This Is Malaysia.

KDCA sabah. (n.d.).