# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
VEX Robotics PID Control: An Introduction

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Ultimate Guide To Omniwheels (Holonomic, Mecanum, Tank Drive)

# data[].attributes.body
Watch this!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
What is Odometry? | An Introduction to the Essence of Robot Odometry Pt. 1

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A drivetrain allows a robot to be mobile by using wheels, tank treads, or another method. A drivetrain is sometimes referred to as a drive base. Identifying which kind of drivetrain to use is one of the first considerations when designing a robot. Clawbot drivetrains are fine for starting out, but additional drivetrain designs can allow the robot much more functionality, such as being able to move sideways in addition to turning and moving forwards and backwards. This type of movement is called omni-directional. Drivetrains may also need to travel over obstacles or need to resist being pushed from the side from another robot. Robots which are being designed for a competition can gain a competitive advantage by selecting a drivetrain to match their game strategy.
Some things to consider when selecting a drivetrain for a competition robot:

Are there obstacles on the playing field which need to be driven over or climbed up on? Tracks or larger diameter wheels can help with going over obstacles.

How much defense will the drivetrain be exposed to? Some games have a barrier which separates the opponents and a defensive drivetrain which can not be easily pushed sideways easily is not as critical.

How much of an advantage is there for the drivetrain to be omni-directional?

Is the drivetrain going to be pushing multiple/heavy game pieces, or does it need to be fast? The maximum speed or torque produced by a drivetrain can be adjusted by changing to a different gear ratio, by changing the V5 Smart Motor Gear Cartridges, and/or by changing the diameter of the wheels.

How high and how far out will the robot design be able to reach? Robots which reach high and/or reach out, benefit from a larger drivetrain footprint and a lower center of gravity. Small diameter wheels can help with both.

How many motors are going to be needed for functions other than the drivetrain? Some competition rules limit the number of motors on a robot.

These considerations are some examples, but not all, of the types of analysis which should be used when selecting a drivetrain for a competition robot.

Descriptions of some types of drivetrains

Standard Drive

The Standard Drivetrain is also known as a skid steer drive and is one of the most common types of drivetrains. The Standard Drivetrain can be powered by two motors and these motors can be used to directly power the drive wheels or can be part of a gear train which can have multiple drive wheels. The drivetrain can also be designed to have multiple motors and multiple wheels. These variations are sometimes called four-wheel drive, six-wheel drive, etc. This drivetrain can use a variety of VEX wheels. However, it lacks the ability to be omni-directional.

H Drive

The H Drive uses three or five motors with four Omni-Directional Wheels and a fifth Omni-Directional Wheel set perpendicular between the other wheels of the drivetrain. The arrangement of the wheels enables this drivetrain to be omni-directional. The H Drive can utilize the 2.75" Onmni-Directional Wheels, the 3.25'' Omni-Directional Wheels or the 4" Omni-Directional Wheels. However, this type of drivetrain can be pushed sideways by another robot because of the rollers on the Omni-Directional Wheels. The fifth center wheel can also become caught on an obstacle as the robot tries to roll over it.

Mecanum

The Mecanum Drivetrain design utilizes Mecanum Wheels. These wheels have angled rollers which allows them to be omni-directional. When the wheels on this drivetrain rotate opposite to each other, the rollers' orientation causes the drivetrain to move sideways. However, the angled rollers requires more torque from the motors to drive the wheels and the drivetrain requires a more complex programming code for its motion than the Standard Drive.

Holonomic

The Holonomic Drivetrain is omni-directional. This design can be assembled with either three Omni-Directional Wheels and three motors or four Omni-Directional Wheels and four motors. These Holonomic drivetrains can be designed with either the 2.75" Omni-Directional Wheels, the 3.25'' Omni-Directional Wheels or the 4" Omni-Directional Wheels. The three Omni-Directional Wheels and three drive motors version is assembled with the wheels set at 120 o to each other. The four Omni-Directional Wheels and four motors version can be assembled by either angling the wheels at each of the corners (sometimes called an X drive and an example is shown below) or placing the drive wheels at the center of each side of the drive base. These Holonomic Drivetrains require a more complex programming code for their motion than the Standard Drive. The 3 wheel drivetrain is not as stable as the 4 wheel drivetrains.

Track Drive

The Track Drive is another variation of the Standard Drivetrain uses the Tank Tread Kit instead of wheels. It can easily go over obstacles. However, the Tank Drive lacks the ability to be omni-directional. The standard Tank Tread Kit does not have very good traction. Including some of the Tank Tread Traction Links from the Tank Tread Upgrade Kit in the chain of treads can increase the traction. In addition to the drive sprockets which come with the Tank Tread Kit, the High Strength Sprockets can also be used as drive sprockets.

Some design mistakes to avoid when assembling drivetrains

Standard Drive

A design mistake which can be made with the Standard Drive is to power all the wheels with the same ratio and use wheels of different diameters. Due to the circumference difference of the wheels this design error has the larger wheels trying to pull the robot forward faster than the smaller wheels can roll.

H Drive

A design mistake which can be made with the H Drive is having the fifth center wheel on a different level than the other 4 wheels. This can happen if any of the drivetrain's drive shafts are not the same distance from the ground as the others. When this design error happens, either the center wheel or the drive wheels lifts the other off the ground.

Mecanum

Holonomic

A design mistake which can be made with the holonomic drivetrains is having only one point of support for the drive shafts. This design error allows the drive shaft to pivot up and down which makes it harder for the drive shaft to rotate within the bearing.

Track Drive

A design mistake which can be made with the track drive is to drive the tank tread with a sprocket in the center of the track. This design error will allow the drive sprocket to skip on the chain links. The drive sprockets should have at least 120 o of tank chain wrap.

Comparison of some types of drivetrains

Safety Hazard:

Pinch Points

Slowly move wheels, sprockets, and gears to ensure there are no wires, tubing, elastic materials, or hardware which will be caught by the motion, before powering up the robot.

Structural metal and hardware can be purchased at https://www.vexrobotics.com/vexedr/products/structure.

Wheels and other motion hardware can be purchased at https://www.vexrobotics.com/vexedr/products/motion.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Welcome to the VEX Library, a library of information about all things VEX.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Designing Another Quality Drive - VEX V5 General Discussion / Technical Discussion - VEX Forum

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A topic I created almost a year ago, designing a quality drive, has been a relatively frequently used resource. While I believe it’s still relevant as a resource, I’ve learned much since then and I felt it could use an update. So here we go, designing another quality drive. Quality Drive Version II:

Design Process
Here I’ll be detailing the process of designing this particular drive, and explain why it is how it is. Size I chose to make this particular drive small in profile, measuring 25x25...

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Vex drivetrains are assemblies, generally made of wheels, used to traverse the VRC field. Each drivetrain has its own set of advantages and disadvantages.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Entries for Build Instruction Guide - High School | Online Challenges

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In this challenge, students are tasked with creating detailed Build Instruction Guides for robotic components and mechanisms in either the VEX IQ or V5 platforms. These guides are intended to assist other students in constructing and understanding common robotics elements, such as X-drives, scissor lifts, and other common mechanisms.

# data[].attributes.body
Getting Started

Notebook Basics

Advanced Techniques

Examples

# data[].attributes.body
Engineering Notebook vs Team Journal

Historical Examples of Engineering Notebooks

Patents and the Engineering Notebook

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Notebook Explanation - Worlds Design Award

# data[].attributes.body
Get Started Coding a VRC Robot

# data[].attributes.body
Enter the class code to get access.

# data[].attributes.headline
How to setup PROS and EZ Template in Visual Studio Code

# data[].attributes.subject
How to setup PROS and EZ Template in Visual Studio Code

# data[].attributes.body
Video Tutorial

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to setup PROS and EZ Template in Visual Studio Code

# data[].attributes.headline
EZ Templates - Tutorials and Instructions

# data[].attributes.subject
EZ Templates - Tutorials and Instructions

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Using the Controller can make it easier to drive and move your robot to complete a task. However, there are limitations to using the Drive program, and depending on your robot build or the task at…

# data[].attributes.body
Let Mrs. Williams know if you would like her to assign you a self-paced coding class for over the summer (python or C++)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Entries for Build Instruction Guide - High School | Online Challenges

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In this challenge, students are tasked with creating detailed Build Instruction Guides for robotic components and mechanisms in either the VEX IQ or V5 platforms. These guides are intended to assist other students in constructing and understanding common robotics elements, such as X-drives, scissor lifts, and other common mechanisms.

# data[].attributes.body
Use your APS Google credentials to register for this class.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Create a student account

Not in a section?

Create a school administrator account

Create a teacher account

Create a free account Create a basic account Create a grading account

Have a class code?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Create a student account Not in a section? Create a school administrator account Create a teacher account Create a free account Create a basic account Create a grading account Have a class code?

# data[].attributes.body
What they are and how to use them.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Welcome to the VEX Library, a library of information about all things VEX.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Shooting Mechanisms | Purdue SIGBots Wiki

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Engineering Design Process | Purdue SIGBots Wiki

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Engineering Design Process is a fluid series of steps used to streamline and maximize the efficiency of progress designing, building, and testing a robot.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
When considering this criteria in writing an Engineering Notebook, it is important to repeat this step for every design cycle. The objective should be to gain a sufficient understanding of the regulations and guidelines, compile insight on field integrants and setup, and identify the general focus of the game. One common example of this criteria is a game analysis segment at the beginning of the notebook. Many instances, however, do not follow up with any further analysis or design briefs later in the notebook, and often lose points because of this.

To obtain maximum points in this segment, it is important to repeat the criteria for every major design cycle and thoroughly analyze the problem(s) in question. Having a set of actionable goals that can be easily translated into Gantt Charts or other similar timelines also goes far to increase points earned in this category.

For this criteria, it is important to remember that just listing solutions, while important, is not enough to secure maximum points. Each solution must have a thorough analysis and breakdown describing how it could be used to meet the goals established from the section above.

In addition to showcasing more thought behind each solution, adding this additional detail can be very beneficial to tie into the next rubric criteria. Just as well, be sure to list three or more solutions - while this is a minor part of the criteria, it is still important to meet for maximum points.

While Decision Matrices are the most common method of addressing this criteria, and for good reason, there are other methods that should be used to supplement the standard Decision Matrix. Although mentioned briefly, testing is a phenomenal way to increase the amount of points scored in this criteria. Using testing data for each solution as an additional factor in a Decision Matrix can help to make a more informed decision for your robot, as well as stand out compared to other Engineering Notebooks.

Additionally, it is important to follow up the Decision Matrix with a detailed plan to implement the solution. This can be accomplished with a variety of methods, some of which could include Gantt Charts, lists of steps to take, and resource allocation tables.

The key to achieving maximum points for this criteria is through use of extreme detail when recording the action process for this step. Achieving a high level of detail can be accomplished through recording each step to complete the action, a list of all parts used in each step, and pictures of the action at various stages of completion, as a few examples.

One additional item to consider for this criteria is consistency - many engineering notebooks will begin with a high level of detail for the overall initial robot design at the start of a season, and then begin to use less detail with smaller changes later in the season. It is important to introduce a consistently high level of detail throughout the season for maximum points.

Although prominent in the rubric, this section is a very common loss of points for many teams. There are many way to introduce good testing into a notebook, the first of which being to intertwine the testing with other rubric criteria. For instance, rubric tacked on to an entry will receive less points than testing used to support the results of a decision matrix or to highlight a problem that needs to be solved.

Additionally, maintaining a consistent level of testing throughout the season is essential to receive maximum points on the rubric. Testing after each change to the robot or program will receive more points than testing once a few days away from competition.

In addition to meeting this criteria, repeating the Design Process throughout the notebook will reinforce the other criteria on the rubric, as each criteria will have more opportunities to be repeated and shown to judges - making Criteria 6 that much more important.

In the beginning stages of your robot, researching for the tasks to be completed is necessary, as many released designs or otherwise may be used as inspiration. This criteria showcases imagination and creativity in not only building, but also prototyping and designing your robot. Many, or most, designs should be original and genuine rather than "holecounted" from another team.

Criteria 7 should demonstrate and verify Criteria 2 of brainstorming and prototyping designs. Innovation and originality may lead to effective design and show how those outcomes are possible.

In completing the previous seven criteria effectively and in detail, this criteria should be met without that much additional effort on behalf of the team. Specific to this step, it is important to clearly indicate the level of progress in each design cycle as it is being recorded. Having a clear record of the current step in each iteration or cycle will make the project history much more comprehensible.

This criteria provides several good methods to record Project Management within the description itself, which are a key method towards achieving maximum points for this criteria. Relevant to other criteria, it is important to make sure that Design Cycles are labeled according, as described in Criteria 6, as well as thoroughly recording the details in each design cycle.

Specific to this criteria, the addition of charts and tables showcasing budget constraints and material and resource (parts, plastic, time) allocation are essential towards receiving maximum points.

With this criteria being fairly self-explanatory, the main thing to keep in mind is to consistently record the name and date on each entry. Otherwise, a well-organized table of contents is essential to earning maximum rubric points.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Engineering Notebook Rubric Breakdown | Purdue SIGBots Wiki

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
When considering this criteria in writing an Engineering Notebook, it is important to repeat this step for every design cycle. The objective should be to gain a sufficient understanding of the regulations and guidelines, compile insight on field integrants and setup, and identify the general focus of the game.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
OnShape is a cloud-based CAD program created to provide collaborative and accessible design capabilities, eliminating the need for traditional software installations and hardware limitations. It allows multiple users to work on the same design simultaneously, making it ideal for team-based projects and remote collaboration. OnShape is best used for real-time collaboration, streamlined workflow, and easy access to design files from any device with an internet connection.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
VEX V5 Robotics Competition : Push Back | 2025-2026 Game

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Engage users, become greener and modernise your technical communications with 3D instruction manuals from Cadasio

# data[].attributes.headline
Gathering Blocks from the loading Towers

# data[].attributes.subject
Gathering Blocks from the loading Towers

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
W Push back intake??#robot #pushback #vex #winterpark #robotics #vex #vexrobot #season

# data[].attributes.body
To the VEX V5RC community:

We have seen your concern, heard your feedback, and would like to take the opportunity to explain the thought process and reasoning behind some of the changes to the robot construction rules for the 2025-2026 VEX V5 Robotics Competition season.

Most of the concern seems centered around the following topics:

R25 - Custom Plastics Allocation

3D Printed Decorations

License Plates

Custom Plastics

Over the last three seasons, we’ve noticed a shift in how teams interpret the previous rule for custom plastics. Teams began to push the limits of the rule, constructing incredible mechanisms and robots with innovative uses of non-shattering plastic.

This trend was most noticeable at the highest levels of competition throughout this past season. Teams used hundreds of custom plastic parts on their robots. This revolution created a ‘skill gap’ that we believe is not within the ethos of the VEX V5 Robotics Competition, and we became concerned that it may have gone too far.

The VEX V5 Robotics Competition (V5RC), at its core, is a closed-system robotics competition intended to provide teams with a relatively level playing field. For the most part, every team competing in V5RC has equal access to all of the same parts. It is the GDC’s opinion that custom plastic, to the extent that it was used in the 2024-2025 season, was antithetical to the closed-system architecture that V5RC relies upon. We identified this as a necessary update to bring the competition back within its intended bounds.

We also received feedback from Referees and Event Partners throughout the year expressing concerns that the extensive use of custom plastic parts made inspection virtually impossible at some events. Event Staff were having trouble identifying parts as functional or non-functional, and could not identify a way to accurately verify that all custom plastic parts on a robot were nestable within a 12” x 24” sheet of plastic. It was reported that in the interest of time, in some regions, this rule was all but ignored during inspection.

In other words, the previous custom plastics allocation rule was unenforceable.

While we did set clearer limits this year—twelve plastic pieces up to 4” x 8” each—it’s worth pointing out that this actually allows more total material than before. In the 2024–2025 season (High Stakes), teams were limited to a single sheet of plastic up to 12” x 24”—that’s 288 square inches.

With the new R25, teams now have 384 square inches of plastic to work with. That’s over 30% more total area than before. So while the size of each piece may be smaller than some previously legal parts, the total allowance is actually larger. We feel this is an appropriate compromise.

3D Printed Decorations

Similar to the confusion with plastics, Event Staff around the globe have had an increasingly difficult time determining whether or not 3D printed parts are truly non-functional to a robot.

In hindsight, the use of the term ‘non-functional’ was not fair to our Volunteers. We were asking them to determine if a part of a robot they have never seen before serves a game-affecting function on the robot without even watching a match. This unfortunately led to varied interpretations, with some legal parts being removed (at the time), and some illegal parts being allowed to pass (at the time).

It was determined that the cleanest solution to this issue was to not allow any 3D printed parts on robots, no matter their function (or lack thereof). This should make it much easier to determine legality of parts on robots, allow for more efficient inspection, and create a healthier competitive environment that better fits the closed system that VEX intends to be.

We encourage teams to find other ways to use 3D printers to serve their needs. Adding paddles to controllers, creating custom toolbox inserts and other organizational tools, and making autonomous alignment jigs are all good examples of useful 3D printing in VEX.

License Plates

We updated the license plate rules for 2025-2026 to help observers, Referees, Emcees, Inspectors, and Teams.

License plates help observers identify what team and alliance a robot belongs to. Referees rely on license plate colors and legibility to make rules calls (like holding). Emcees depend on license plates for accurate in-match commentary. When a license plate falls off during a match, team and alliance information becomes lost and everyone’s experience suffers as a result. Limiting each robot to a single color of license plate and encouraging stronger mounting methods will help ensure that the correct plates remain visible throughout the match. Given the importance of license plates in these situations, we felt it was appropriate to reconsider their status as ‘non-functional’, as well.

Until now, license plates have been considered non-functional decorations, but this status hasn’t been consistently enforced. Classifying them as functional components eliminates the need for judgment calls about functionality (e.g., did contacting the High Stakes ladder with a license plate meet that AWP criterion?), and makes them just another part of the robot.

Conclusion

With all of this in mind, we hope you better understand why these changes were made, and why we do not plan to repeal any of these updates. The GDC does not intend to hinder innovation, stifle engineering possibilities, or prevent teams from doing cool things. In fact, we feel that many of these changes encourage good engineering practices, and we look forward to seeing how teams innovate around the new constraints.

If you still disagree, there is a common thought experiment that may be an apt metaphor:

“Sometimes you have to move backwards before you can move forwards.” - Anonymous

The GDC is committed to paying close attention to how these updates play out over the 2025-2026 season. If teams demonstrate a willingness and/or capability to follow these rules as written, the GDC is open to exploring ways to slowly open some of these restrictions in future seasons.

We always appreciate feedback in any form, and this situation is no different. Please do not hesitate to reach out to us at GDC@vex.com with any more concerns about this topic or others. We have already received a great deal of feedback from the initial manual release, and our team is working hard on the first manual update already. And yes, we are going to fix the expansion rule, don’t worry.

We appreciate the passion you have displayed over the past few days. It is our hope that you are able to channel that passion into new, creative ideas that will work under these new rules. Thank you, and good luck to all teams in Push Back.

Sincerely,

The VEX Robotics Game Design Committee

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This article is an introduction to the V5 Pneumatics Kit, breaking down each component and explaining how it works. It is a valuable resource for anyone using the kit to kickstart their pneumatic projects. This guide offers the necessary information to get your system operating smoothly. For guidance on coding your V5 Pneumatics Kit, view this article from the VEX Library.

Important Note: The effectiveness of the V5 Pneumatics System largely relies on the O-Rings and fitting connections. O-Rings are small, black, rubber-like rings found on each M5 thread of the fittings, Schrader valves, etc., and they help to create a tight seal to prevent air leaks. These are further optimized by the flow of pressurized air. When assembling, there's no need for tools - hand-tightening components ensures a secure connection. Over-tightening using tools can lead to damage, so always handle components with care to ensure longevity and proper function.

Kit Exploration

The V5 Pneumatics Kit can be broken down into 7 different functional categories. These categories include the following and are listed in order of importance from the initial pressurization of air and ending with the actuation of mechanical parts:

1. Reservoir: this includes components related to the influx and storage of compressed air in the system.

2. Pressure Monitor: this includes devices used to regulate and monitor the air pressure in the system.

3. Fittings: this category is for various types of connectors and plugs used to join tubes together or to connect them to different parts of the system.

4. Tubing: this category is for components related to the flexible tubes that carry the air in a pneumatic system.

5. Manual Control: this category contains devices that allow for manual control of the airflow in the system.

6. Electronic Control: this category is for components that provide electronic control over the system.

7. Cylinders: this is where the mechanical work happens in a pneumatic system. Cylinders use the energy of the compressed air to create motion.

The Air Tank is a cylindrical vessel for storing pressurized air.

It has two ports which can accept different fittings. One port would contain the Valve Stem which serves as the inlet. The other port will be used as an outlet and can accept one of the other fittings listed below.

The Air Tank can be attached to your robot or project using zip ties.

Remember, just like you'd need to recharge a battery when it's running low, you need to refill the Air Tank when it's low on air. And, just like turning off a machine when you're done using it, you should also let the air out of the tank after you're done.

The Air Pressure Regulator in your system is like a control knob for the air pressure. Adjusting the air pressure allows the Cylinders to operate at a constant force as the pressure in the Air Tank decreases.

For example, if the Air Tank is initially pressurized to 100psi, the pressure in the tank reduces with each actuation of a Cylinder. Without a pressure regulator, the force of the Cylinder will not be consistent - it will reduce as the pressure in the Air Tank reduces.

If you set the regulator to 50psi for example, the force of the cylinder will be consistent for all actuations until the Air Tank pressure drops below 50psi.

So by regulating the pressure, the Cylinders will operate with less force, but with more consistency. You will also get more actuations from the Cylinders before the air runs out.

You can connect parts called fittings to the regulator's inlet (where the air comes in denoted by an embossed triangle) and outlet (where the air goes out). Then, you can change the pressure of the air that's leaving by turning the black dial. This makes sure that the pressure doesn't go above a certain limit.

The Air Pressure Gauge in your system is like a meter that tells you how much pressure is in the Air Tank, or system depending where it is mounted. It's usually put before the Regulator and helps you see the total pressure. The Gauge has an M5 thread, so you can connect it to the Straight Female Fitting or straight into any M5 hole, like one on the Air Tank.

The Elbow Fitting is similar to the Straight Male Fitting, but the Tubing exits at a 90-degree angle.

The M5 thread can be screwed into the device that you need to connect the Tubing to. The Tubing is then a push-fit into the red end of the fitting.

To release the Tubing from the fitting, press the red release button and remove the Tubing.

The Elbow Fitting also has a mounting hole which can be used for securing it to your robot.

The Tee Fitting, which is named for its "T" shape, lets you connect 3 pieces of Tubing together in your pneumatic system.

For example, you might use it to connect the Air Tank, Air Pressure Gauge and use the third outlet to supply air to the rest of the system.

The Tubing is a push-fit into the red end of the fitting.

To release the Tubing from the fitting, press the red release button and remove the Tubing.

The Tee Fitting has two mounting holes which can be used for securing it to your robot.

The Tubing Cutter, an important part of your pneumatic toolkit, is used to cut your Tubing to just the right lengths. Its triangular blade makes clean, straight cuts, which helps prevent air from leaking out. To use it, you put your Tubing in the cutter and squeeze it to make a neat cut. Don't forget to be careful with the cutter because the blade is sharp. This tool helps make your system work as well as possible.

The Double Acting Solenoid is controlled by your V5 Brain. You can code your robot to direct air to one of the two outlets on the Solenoid, which are typically used to either extend or retract a Pneumatic Cylinder.

You can connect either the Straight Male Fitting or Elbow Fitting to the ports on the Solenoid which then allow you to connect Tubing to carry air to the rest of the system.

There are two ports marked P, one on each side of the Solenoid. This is where the pressurized air supply is connected. You can use the other P port to connect the pressurized air to other parts of your system.

The pressurized air can be directed to either port A or port B and is controlled by your code.

There are two exhaust ports labeled R where the waste air exits when the Air Cylinder is moving. These ports are a through hole, meaning both are joined together.

For more information on the uses and applications of the Double Acting Solenoid, view this article from the VEX Library.

For examples of a basic V5 Pneumatic System operation, view this article from the VEX Library.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Welcome to the VEX Library, a library of information about all things VEX.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Vex push back 44252A ri10hr robot explanation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Engage users, become greener and modernise your technical communications with 3D instruction manuals from Cadasio

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Download Visual Studio Code - Mac, Linux, Windows

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Visual Studio Code is free and available on your favorite platform - Linux, macOS, and Windows. Download Visual Studio Code to experience a redefined code editor, optimized for building and debugging modern web and cloud applications.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
VEX Robotics - Visual Studio Marketplace

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Extension for Visual Studio Code - The VEX Extension allows for software development on VEX IQ 2nd Generation, EXP, V5, CTE, and AIM platforms. C/C++ and Python programming languages are supported

# data[].attributes.body
This guide provides detailed information on how to use the C++ commands in VEXcode V5. Here, you will learn how to read and understand each command, with comprehensive descriptions, parameters, and usage examples.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Comprehensive Guide to C++ on VEX V5 Platform — VEXcode Documentation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Explore our extensive VEX V5 C++ documentation. Dive into topics like enums, accelerometer, encoder events, motor groups, and much more. Excellent resource to learn how to control your VEX V5 with C++.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Originally written by Team 5225A, the E-Bots PiLons. Thanks!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Learn the Math behind Odometry | Essence of Robot Odometry Pt. 2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How do robots know where they are? | Essence of Robot Odometry Pt. 3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Motion Profiles and S-shaped driving paths.