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In 1793 samuel slater made the first working/successful mill in the united states(Pawtucket, Rhode Island). The slater's mill was powered by water. Slater's factory became so successful that other manufactures started to use his ideas.

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Whitney wanted to speed up the process of making guns by having machines manufacture each part. All machine made parts would be alike so everything would be identical. Interchangeable parts made it easier for gunsmiths because they would not have build each gun from scratch. Interchangeable parts were very helpful because it saves time and money.

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In 1798 Eli Whitney started to make the musket in the first factory to rely on interchangeable parts. Eli separated parts for 10 muskets the he asked an official to choose one part from each pile, then after a couple of minutes the first musket was made.

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Slater and Whitney’s innovations were just the first steps in America’s Industrial Revolution. During the early 1800s their factories were spreading around all the cites. Their factories were a great success.

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Boys and girls as young as seven would work in factories. Small children were especially helpful because they were so tiny so they were able to fit behind the machines and fix them if they were broken. A lot of Americans today think child labor as cruel. Yet in the 1800s farm children also worked hard. Most people did not see a difference between children working in a factory or on a farm. Often whatever the child made from working was given to their family to help support them.

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Urbanization was a good but slow in progress. In 1800 only 6 percent of the nation’s population lived in urban areas. By 1850, the number had risen to 15 percent. It took a very long time for more americans to start  moving into the cities.

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The War of 1812 provided a boost to American industries. The British blockade cut Americans off from their supply
of foreign goods. So they had to produce more goods on their own. American merchants and bankers found new ways to
meet the increased demand. To profit from the efficiency provided by manufacturing they built more factories.

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The Lowell Girl were hired by nearby factories to work in factories. The Lowell Girls  would have to leave their family and live in boarding houses. The Lowell Girls would work 12 hours 6 days a week. Although factory work was often tedious, hard, and dangerous,many women appreciate the freedom they got from working in the mills.

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In 1825 Jethro Wood began to make the iron plow with replaceable parts. John Deere improved on the idea when he invented a lightweight steel plow. Earlier plows made of iron or wood had to be
pulled by oxen they were strong but slow. A horse was less strong but faster than an ox.

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In 1834 Philo Stewart made a cast-iron stove small enough to use in the kitchen. His factory built a wood burning stove which was a great invention. About 90,000 were sold!