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Debates the impact of Brexit on EU citizens and ensures democratic oversight.

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Sets the political priorities and strategic direction of the negotiations.

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Represents the governments of EU member states and coordinates their interests.

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Leads the negotiations as the chief negotiator for the EU, proposing solutions and ensuring compliance with EU law.

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Ensures that the final agreement complies with EU treaties and protects citizens' rights.

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Students will understand the roles, powers, and interactions of the main EU institutions by simulating the Brexit negotiation process, focusing on economic, political, and legal challenges.

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The United Kingdom has officially left the European Union, but many unresolved issues remain, including trade agreements, citizens' rights, border controls, and financial obligations. The EU must negotiate its future relationship with the UK while maintaining unity among its member states.

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Analyzes the economic impact of Brexit on the Eurozone and financial stability.

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Evaluates the financial implications of the UK's exit, including budget contributions and liabilities.

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After Brexit, several issues require urgent resolution:

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After Brexit, several issues require urgent resolution:

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Trade and Customs: Establishing a new trade agreement to avoid tariffs and trade barriers.

Citizens’ Rights: Ensuring the rights of EU citizens in the UK and vice versa.

Northern Ireland Border: Avoiding a hard border between Northern Ireland (UK) and the Republic of Ireland (EU).

Financial Settlement: Determining the UK's outstanding financial obligations to the EU.

EU institutions must collaborate, negotiate with the UK, and find solutions that protect EU interests while maintaining political and economic stability.

Each group researches its role and prepares arguments, proposals, and strategies

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presents the EU’s negotiation priorities and initial proposals.

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debates citizens' rights and social impacts.

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Sets strategic directions and political priorities

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discusses the economic impact of trade agreements and financial stability.

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evaluates the legality of the proposed agreements.

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Negotiates details, balancing member states' interests.

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Understand the roles and interactions of EU institutions in international negotiations.

Analyze political, economic, and legal challenges in international relations.

Develop negotiation, debate, and strategic decision-making skills.

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To provide students with real-world context and insights into the complexities of Brexit negotiations, consider the following articles:

"Minister to hold talks on UK's post-Brexit relationship with EU"

Summary: UK and EU officials have initiated formal negotiations to reset post-Brexit relations, focusing on security, fishing rights, and reducing food export checks ahead of a summit in May. The discussions aim to create a new trade and cooperation agreement, replacing the existing Brexit deal. Key issues include ensuring European boats retain a significant share of their catch in UK waters and establishing new trade regulations.

THETIMES.CO.UK

"The UK and EU vow to mend their Brexit battered ties. They will set a new agenda and hold summits"

Summary: The UK and EU have agreed to strengthen their relationship post-Brexit, committing to a series of meetings on economic growth, energy, security, and migration. Both parties emphasized the importance of their unique relationship and pledged to strengthen cooperation ambitiously. They reaffirmed commitments to past agreements and international law, aiming for a stable, forward-looking partnership.

APNEWS.COM

"The Times view on Starmer's Brexit reset: New Beginning"

Summary: Britain's relationship with the EU has seen minimal development post-Trade and Cooperation Agreement of 2021. Recently, efforts have been initiated to renegotiate aspects of the deal, aiming to alleviate trade frictions without rejoining the single market or customs union. The focus includes harmonizing food standards and enhancing cooperation on defense and security, which have mutual benefits.

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European Parliament and Council of the EU 

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European Parliament and Council of the EU 

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vote on the final agreement.

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the European Council mediates to reach a compromise.

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how the activity helped understand the EU legislative process.

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on the challenges of balancing data privacy, economic interests, and freedom of expression.

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1. To maintain a stable relationship, an EU-UK Council is proposed to oversee cooperation on security, trade and research. It is key to keep diplomatic channels open to adapt agreements as necessary and ensure predictable and mutually beneficial collaboration.

2. The proposal for Trade and Customs is to establish a free trade agreement that eliminates tariffs and trade barriers, but with partial alignment in regulatory standards in strategic sectors such as pharmaceuticals and automotive. To avoid competitive disadvantages, a review mechanism would be included every five years that would allow both parties to evaluate possible divergences and make adjustments without harming bilateral trade.

3. Citizens' rights

- Guarantee acquired rights for all citizens established before the end of the transition period.

- Simple and non-discriminatory system for the recognition of professional qualifications.

- Maintenance of social security and pension rights.

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1. Trade and Customs

The European Parliament: should legislate and ensure a harmonised regulatory framework with the UK.

Overseeing the implementation of trade agreements to avoid hidden barriers.

Promoting free trade agreements that favour both parties.

Proposals and strategies:

Negotiating a treaty that reduces tariffs and maintains compatible quality and safety standards.

Ensuring that EU and UK products maintain preferential access if they meet certain criteria.

2. Citizens' rights

The parliament should ensure that the rights of European citizens in the UK and the EU are respected by promoting reciprocity measures on labour rights, residence and access to public services.

Proposals and strategies:

Creating EU-funded legal aid offices to help affected citizens.

Creating political aid programmes for migrants such as political asylum

3. Border with Northern Ireland

The European parliament should promote solutions that avoid a physical border.

Proposals and strategies:

Investments in digital infrastructure: Use advanced technology for frictionless border controls.

Interinstitutional dialogue: Foster cooperation between the EU, the UK and Ireland to find viable political solutions.

4. Financial agreement, the European Parliament

The European Parliament will oversee the use of funds in the UK to ensure that they are allocated to the areas most affected by Brexit.

Proposals and strategies:

Sanction mechanisms: Apply measures if the UK does not meet its financial commitments.

5. Political and economic stability

The European Parliament should promote ongoing dialogue with the UK to maintain cooperation in key areas.

Proposals and strategies:

Brexit adjustment fund: Maintain financial support for regions and sectors most affected by the UK's exit.

Promotion of active diplomatic relations: Foster collaboration on issues of common interest, such as climate change, education and scientific research.

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1.       Trade and Customs: Establish a Modernized Free Trade Agreement that progressively eliminates tariffs, simplifies rules of origin and optimizes customs processes through an integrated digital platform. Harmonization of regulations will be encouraged through mutual recognition of standards and the use of advanced technology for efficient customs inspections. In addition, an agile dispute resolution mechanism will be implemented and special economic zones with tax incentives will be promoted to facilitate investment and trade.

2.       Rights of Citizens: Maintain the rights of citizens in all countries regardless of their country of origin; protecting people's rights, uniting regions of origin, in addition to having the same priorities whether they are from the EU or the United Kingdom.

3.       Northem Ireland Border: Between Northern Ireland (UK) and the Republic of Ireland (EU) to protect the peace and stability achieved with the Good Friday Agreement. We support the Northern Ireland Protocol to maintain barrier-free trade and ensure there are no strict customs controls at the land border. This helps preserve cross-border cooperation and guarantees the economic and social well-being of the region, while respecting both the rules of the European Single Market and international agreements.

4.       Financial Agreement: We will demand compliance with outstanding obligations regarding the payment of financial commitments made by the United Kingdom before Brexit, including contributions to the EU budget and ongoing projects. To do this, we are going to allow installment payments to avoid economic tensions. Having a clear and transparent calendar. In addition, a joint audit committee would be established to verify compliance with the financial commitments of both parties.

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1. Trade and Customs

To prevent tariffs and trade barriers that could harm businesses and citizens, we propose negotiating a comprehensive and balanced free trade agreement that:

• Maintains preferential market access for goods and services.

• Establishes clear regulatory standards to prevent unfair competition.

• Facilitates smooth trade flows through technological solutions in customs procedures.

Cooperation on sanitary, phytosanitary, and industrial standards will be crucial to minimize trade friction.

2. Citizens’ Rights

EU citizens residing in the UK and British citizens in the EU must have clear legal protections to avoid uncertainty. The European Union will demand that:

• Permanent residence and employment rights be guaranteed for EU citizens in the UK and vice versa.

• Social security agreements and mutual recognition of qualifications be maintained.

• An independent monitoring mechanism be established to ensure compliance with these rights.

3. Northern Ireland Border

The Good Friday Agreement must be respected to avoid a hard border that could threaten peace and stability in Ireland. The EU proposes:

• Keeping Northern Ireland aligned with EU Single Market regulations.

• Implementing simplified customs checks between Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

• Creating a cooperation mechanism with the UK to manage future regulatory divergence.

4. Financial Settlement

The UK must honor its financial commitments made before leaving the EU. Therefore, we demand:

• A fair payment covering outstanding contributions and ongoing programs the UK committed to.

• The settlement of financial liabilities as agreed in the Withdrawal Agreement.

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Trade and costums

• Suggest a Financial Services Agreement to Maintain Access to UK-Based Financial Institutions While Protecting the EU Financial Market After Brexit, many UK-based financial institutions lost automatic access to the EU market, affecting key financial services.

• Regulatory cooperation with Establishing common standards or equivalence mechanisms to ensure trade regulations do not create financial uncertainty.

• Trade facilitation with Ensuring that trade flows remain uninterrupted by financial barriers such as cross-border payment restrictions or limited export financing access.

• Financial safety network with Designing measures to prevent destabilizing capital outflows and coordinating responses to trade-related crises in the eurozone.

Citizens rights

• The ECB can create a financial framework to prevent disruptions to citizens' benefits. Additionally, it can lower interest rates to encourage investment and job creation without excessively impacting inflation. Furthermore, the bank can incorporate sustainability criteria into its monetary policy to promote investments in sectors that respect social and environmental rights.

Nothern ireland border

• Recommend Financial Incentives and EU Funding Programs to Support Cross-Border Businesses and Economic Integration also to support businesses affected by new trade regulations, offering grants, low-interest loans, and technical assistance.

• Cross-border tax incentives with Introducing tax deductions and exemptions for  operating on both sides of the border, encouraging economic integration.

4. Financial settlement

• Implement subsidies to reduce the impact on the financial system and protect it, ensuring the implementation of secure monitoring measures.

• Implement an organized payment plan to ensure that the United Kingdom meets its obligations without affecting the markets.

• Implement payment conditions to promote transparency in debt.