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A literature review comprehensively summarizes and analyzes existing research and scholarly work on a specific topic. It identifies gaps, trends, and methodologies in the field, providing context and background for new research. Synthesizing findings from previous studies enables researchers to build upon existing knowledge and refine their research questions.

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To Help Figure Out What Works: Literature reviews allow educators or researchers to identify practices that have been tested and proven effective in similar contexts.

To Pursue a Topic, Problem, or Question of Interest: They provide an opportunity to explore areas of professional or personal curiosity, validating or challenging assumptions through existing research.

To Pinpoint an Area of Further Study: By analyzing prior studies, researchers can identify gaps or areas where limited research exists, paving the way for new investigations.

To Provide a Rationale/Background for Study: Literature reviews offer foundational support for proposed research, helping refine research questions or hypotheses while demonstrating the significance of the topic.

To Survey or Analyze Research Methodology: They enable researchers to evaluate methods used in previous studies, identifying flaws or opportunities to improve their research design.

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The process for conducting a literature review

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The process for conducting a literature review

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Conducting a literature review involves several steps:

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Determining Your Focus: This includes selecting a topic, narrowing it down to specific aspects, deciding on inclusion/exclusion criteria, and translating the topic into key search terms.

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Searching Literature Databases: Researchers use electronic databases like ERIC, PsycINFO, PubMed, Academic Search™, and JSTOR to locate relevant studies based on their keywords. Advanced search options help refine results.

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Analyzing Search Results: Researchers review abstracts and full articles to ensure they meet inclusion criteria and align with the scope of the study. This step may include hand-searching references for additional sources.

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Organizing Findings: Once relevant studies are identified, researchers categorize them based on themes, methodologies, or findings to synthesize information effectively.

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Boudah, D. J. (2011). Identifying a research problem and question, and searching relevant literature. In Identifying a research problem and question, and searching relevant literature (pp. 21-42). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483349138