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2.1 By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round.

2.2 By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons.

2.3 By 2030, double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and fishers, including through secure and equal access to land, other productive resources and inputs, knowledge, financial services, markets and opportunities for value addition and non-farm employment.

2.4 By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality.

2.5 By 2020, maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international levels, and promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, as internationally agreed.

2.A Increase investment, including through enhanced international cooperation, in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development and plant and livestock gene banks in order to enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing countries, in particular least developed countries.

2.B Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha Development Round.

2.C Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves, in order to help limit extreme food price volatility.

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climate play a big role in order to grow a crops. a country that got a hunger issue mostly got an unstable climate. and located in a geographically unstable area. like Africa, most of their area are dry. so they have a difficulty to grow a crops. i think it's one of their hunger trigger.

a new strategy need to be made in order to solve this hunger issue

according to the world bank web site, global food system responsible about one third of the green house gas emission. which is quiet large in amount. and this problem also cause 80% of the population suffer from the risk of crop failure.

https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2022/10/17/what-you-need-to-know-about-food-security-and-climate-change

i think we need to solve the problem from the root, which is to encourage the (make a regulation) to update the agricultural sector to be more eco friendly.

solution to solve hunger issue (scientist POV) :

1) a nutritionist can create a food that is packed with nutrition from simple (affordable) ingredients.

2) scientist can create a safe chemical in order to help a crops to grow. or may be creating an indoor farm in an unstable climate area.

Government POV :

1)

2)

individual POV :

1)

2)

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The number of people suffering acute food insecurity increased from 135 million in 2019 to 345 million in 82 countries by June 2022, as the war in Ukraine, supply chain disruptions, and the continued economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic pushed food prices to all-time highs.

Global food insecurity had already been rising, due in large part to climate phenomena. Global warming is influencing weather patterns, causing heat waves, heavy rainfall, and droughts. Rising food commodity prices in 2021 were a major factor in pushing approximately 30 million additional people in low-income countries toward food insecurity.

At the same time, the way that food is often produced today is a big part of the problem. It's recently been estimated that the global food system is responsible for about a third of greenhouse gas emissions-second only to the energy sector; it is the number one source of methane and biodiversity loss.

It's recently been estimated that the global food system is responsible for about a third of greenhouse gas emissions-second only to the energy sector; it is the number one source of methane and biodiversity loss.
Who is most affected by climate impacts on food security?
About 80% of the global population most at risk from crop failures and hunger from climate change are in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, where farming families are disproportionally poor and vulnerable. A severe drought caused by an El Nino weather pattern or climate change can push millions more people into poverty. This is true even in places like the Philippines and Vietnam, which have relatively high incomes, but where farmers often live at the edge of poverty and food price increases have an outsized impact on poor urban consumers.
How might climate change affect farming and food security in the future?
Up to a certain point, rising temperatures and CO2 can be beneficial for crops. But rising temperatures also accelerate evapotranspiration from plants and soils, and there must also be enough water for crops to thrive.

For areas of the world that are already water-constrained, climate change will increasingly cause adverse impacts on agricultural production through diminishing water supplies, increases in extreme events like floods and severe storms, heat stress, and increased prevalence of pests and diseases.

Above a certain point of warming -- and particularly above an increase of 2 degrees Celsius in average global temperatures - it becomes increasingly more difficult to adapt and increasingly more expensive. In countries where temperatures are already extremely high, such as the Sahel belt of Africa or South Asia, rising temperatures could have a more immediate effect on crops such as wheat that are less heat tolerant.

Without solutions, falling crop yields, especially in the world's most food-insecure regions, will push more people into poverty - an estimated 43 million people in Africa alone could fall below the poverty line by 2030 as a result.

Without solutions, falling crop yields, especially in the world's most food-insecure regions, will push more people into poverty - an estimated 43 million people in Africa alone could fall below the poverty line by 2030 as a result.
How can agriculture adapt to climate change?
It's possible to reduce emissions and become more resilient, but doing so often requires major social, economic, and technological change. There are a few key strategies:

Use water more efficiently and effectively, combined with policies to manage demand. Building more irrigation infrastructure may not be a solution if future water supply proves to be inadequate to supply the irrigation systems-which our research has shown may indeed be the case for some countries. Other options include better management of water demand as well as the use of advanced water accounting systems and technologies to assess the amount of water available, including soil moisture sensors and satellite evapotranspiration measurements. Such measures can facilitate techniques such as alternate wetting and drying of rice paddies, which saves water and reduces methane emissions at the same time.

Switch to less-thirsty crops. For example, rice farmers could switch to crops that require less water such as maize or legumes. Doing so would also help reduce methane emissions, because rice is a major source of agri-food emissions. But a culture that has been growing and consuming rice for thousands of years may not so easily switch to another less thirsty, less emitting crop.

Improve soil health. This is hugely important. Increasing organic carbon in soil helps it better retain water and allows plants to access water more readily, increasing resilience to drought. It also provides more nutrients without requiring as much chemical fertilizer -- which is a major source of emissions. Farmers can restore carbon that has been lost by not tilling soil and by using cover crops, particularly with large roots, in the rotation cycle rather than leaving fields fallow. Such nature-based solutions to environmental challenges could deliver 37% of climate change mitigation necessary to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. But getting farmers to adopt these practices will take time, awareness-raising and training. In places where farm plots are small and farmers can't afford to let fields lie fallow or even rotate with leguminous crops, improving soil health could pose a challenge.
What is the World Bank doing to help countries build food security in the face of climate change?
The World Bank Group's Climate Change Action Plan (2021-2025) is stepping up support for climate-smart agriculture across the agriculture and food value chains and via policy and technological interventions to enhance productivity, improve resilience, and reduce GHG emissions. The Bank also helps countries tackle food loss and waste and manage flood and drought risks. For example, in Niger, a Bank-supported project aims to benefit 500,000 farmers and pastoralists in 44 communes through the distribution of improved, drought-tolerant seeds, more efficient irrigation, and expanded use of forestry for farming and conservation agriculture techniques. To date, the project has helped 336,518 farmers more sustainably manage their land and brought 79,938 hectares under more sustainable farming practices.

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Climate Explainer: Food Security and Climate Change

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Learn how climate change is affecting global food security today and what can we expect in the future.

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1. Can the regenerative agriculture be an ideal solution to the climate change? How?

2. What is the current development of the regenerative agriculture, and how well can the it be adapted into the low developed countries now and the future?

3. Why should it be the regenerative agriculture the solution to this topic?

4. Can the regenerative agriculture stablise the food supply in both well developed and the low developed countries?

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Regenerative agriculture aims to work with nature to restore and improve soil health, biodiversity, and climate resilience: 

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Regenerative agriculture aims to work with nature to restore and improve soil health, biodiversity, and climate resilience: 

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1. Soil health

Regenerative agriculture practices focus on building up soil health through techniques like no-till planting, adaptive grazing, and limited use of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. Healthy soil produces more food, stores more carbon, and supports other ecosystems.

2. Biodiversity

Regenerative agriculture practices increase biodiversity by establishing wildlife corridors and cultivating crops among native trees.

3. Climate resilience

Regenerative agriculture practices help mitigate climate change by sequestering carbon in soil and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

4. Water resources

Regenerative agriculture practices protect and improve water resources.

Regenerative agriculture is an evolution of conventional agriculture that reduces the use of water and other inputs, and prevents land degradation and deforestation. It combines a variety of sustainable agriculture techniques, including:

Maximal recycling of farm waste

Adding composted material from non-farm sources

Permaculture

Agroecology

Agroforestry

Restoration ecology

Keyline design

Holistic management

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Too good to go

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Organization that distributed surplus and over production to the one in needs

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Tackle the consequence and enhance the  result of the green revolution?

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Tackle the consequence and enhance the  result of the green revolution?

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1. What if the government establishes a regulation that regulates a guaranteed, long-term price for certain crops that is above current market rates? （price floor）

2. What if there’s another established regulation regarding crop rotation and forcefully short-termed a-siding?

3. Or if they especially provide cheaper price to households that are not able to afford the food price?

4. “Access of food” is crucial

5. Mono - cropping : If we close off the difference of the profit?

6. Plant banks → ensure the diversity?

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The World Bank is responding to this escalating crisis with four areas of actions:

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The World Bank is responding to this escalating crisis with four areas of actions:

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(i) supporting production and producers

(ii) facilitating increased trade in food and production inputs

(iii) supporting vulnerable households

(iv) investing in sustainable food security

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Free APA Citation Generator | Verified by Experts | Scribbr

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Scribbr’s free APA Citation Generator creates accurate APA citations in seconds. Recommended and trusted by students and teachers worldwide.

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How can small-scale, local solutions (like community farming or localized food systems) contribute to solving hunger in both developed and developing countries?

What is the difference between acute and chronic hunger, and how should governments and international organizations address these issues differently?

How can governments and international organizations develop policies that address both chronic and acute hunger, considering their different causes and impacts on populations?

What role do political and economic variables play in alleviating chronic hunger and averting future famines? How have historical and contemporary methods to famine prevention and hunger relief changed throughout time?

What obstacles currently exist for humanitarian assistance in tackling severe food insecurity, and how has it changed in reaction to famines?

What role do political and social factors play in alleviating hunger and food insecurity today?

How can international organizations improve food availability and access in famine-prone regions?

Acting not as a policy-maker, what are the possible impacts I can make ?

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Filipino Cuisine Restaurant MK Campaign | Google Slides & PPT

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If you love Filipino cuisine and want to share the passion, present your restaurant marketing campaign with this Google Slides and PPT template

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Reducing Food Waste Campaign | Google Slides & PPT

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Prepare a campaign to fight food waste with this Google Slides and PPT template – download it now!

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Written Analysis:  < 5000 words

Presentation Slides: <8 minutes

Core Question:

Will the _________ in 20 years Become More Equitable?

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Humanitarian Aid Campaign | Google Slides & PPT

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Spread awareness of humanitarian aid around the world with this eye-catching template for Google Slides and PowerPoint. Make an impact today!

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Research Proposal Outline in Terms of Focus Questions

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Research Proposal Outline in Terms of Focus Questions

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Introduction [Addresses the significance of the research]

1. What have been the drivers of the calculus reform movement at the tertiary level?

2. What are the motivations for introducing modeling as part of this reform?

3. Why do reform approaches need a sound research base in general, and why in particular does using modeling as a reform approach need a sound research base?

4. What then is the broad aim of the proposed research?

Previous research

[Addresses questions about originality + uses previous research as a foundation for further research]

1. What research has already been done in this area?

2. What deficiencies or gaps need addressing?

3. What other research in related areas has been done that could inform research on the proposed problem?

Theoretical framework and hypotheses

[What theories about learning guided the directions taken by the research and in particular, the hypotheses to be tested?]

1. What assumptions about student learning framed this research?

2. What theories about student learning were believed to be of potential use and what hypotheses came out of these theories?

Methods

9. What methodological issues needed to be addressed by this research?

10. How were the hypotheses tested? Why use multiple methods?

11. How was the sample chosen and does this choice pose a threat to external validity?

12. How were the findings validated?

13. What ethical issues are raised by the proposed approaches and how will these be addressed?