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He had a great influence on the development of computer science, since he formalized the concepts of "algorithm" and "computation" with the Turing machine, which can require a model of a general-purpose computer.

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Turing is considered the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence.

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During World War II, Turing worked for the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, the British center for code breaking.

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In 1945, King George VI awarded him the Order of the British Empire for his wartime services, but his work remained secret for many years.

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In 1948 he was appointed Reader in the Department of Mathematics at the University of Manchester.

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Alan Mathison Turing (born  June 23, 1912 – June 7, 1954) was an English mathematician, computer scientist, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher, and theoretical biologist. Turing was very influential in the development of theoretical computer science, providing a formalization of the concepts of algorithm and computation with the Turing machine, which can be considered a general purpose computer model. He is widely considered the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence.

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When the Enigma was in use, with each subsequent key press, the rotors would change in alignment from their set positions in such a way that a different letter was produced each time. With a message in hand, the operator would enter each character into the machine by pressing a typewriter-like key. The rotors would align and a letter would then illuminate, telling the operator what the letter really was. Likewise, when enciphering, the operator would press the key and the illuminated letter would be the cipher text. The continually changing internal flow of electricity that caused the rotors to change was not random, but it created a polyalphabetic cipher that could be different each time it was used.

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Since 1966, the Association for Computing Machinery has annually awarded the Turing Award for technical or theoretical contributions to the computing community. It is considered the highest honor in the world of computing, equivalent to the Nobel Prize.