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•G. Stanley Hall becomes the first American to earn a Ph.D. in psychology.

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•Wilhelm Wundt establishes the first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany dedicated to the study of the mind.

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•G. Stanley Hall opens the first experimental psychology lab 1885

•Herman Ebbinghaus publishes his seminal "On Memory"), in which he describes learning and memory experiments he conducted on himself.

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•Sigmund Freud begins offering therapy to patients in Vienna, Austria.

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•James McKeen Cattell becomes the first professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania. He would later publish "Mental Tests and Measurements," marking the advent of psychological assessment.

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•William James publishes "Principles of Psychology." Sir Francis Galton establishes correlation techniques to better understand the relationship between variables in intelligence studies.

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•G. Stanley Hall forms the American Psychological Association (APA), enlisting 26 members in the first meeting.

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•Lightner Witmer establishes the first psychology clinic in America.

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•Edward Thorndike develops the Law of Effect.

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•Sigmund Freud publishes his landmark book, "Interpretation of Dreams."

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• The British Psychological Society is established.

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• Mary Whiton Calkins is elected the first woman president of the American Psychological Association. Alfred Binet introduces the intelligence test.

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• Ivan Pavlov publishes his findings on classical conditioning. Carl Jung publishes "The Psychology of Dementia Praecox."

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• Edward Thorndike publishes "Animal Intelligence," which leads to the development of the theory of operant conditioning.

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•Max Wertheimer publishes "Experimental Studies of the Perception of Movement," which leads to the development of Gestalt psychology.

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• Carl Jung  creates his own theories, which he refers to as analytical psychology.

•John B. Watson publishes "Psychology As the Behaviorist Views," and establishes the concept of behaviorism.

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•Freud publishes work on repression.

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•Watson and Rosalie Rayner publish research on the classical conditioning of fear, highlighting the subject of their experiment, Little Albert.

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•Jean Piaget becomes the foremost cognitive theorist with the publication of his work "The Moral Judgment of the Child."

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• Carl Rogers develops the practice of client-centered therapy, which encourages respect and positive regard for patients.

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•The first "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" is published.

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•Abraham Maslow publishes "Motivation and Personality," describing his theory of a hierarchy of needs. Maslow is one of the founders of humanistic psychology.

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•Harry Harlow publishes "The Nature of Love," which describes the importance of attachment and love in rhesus monkeys.

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•Albert Bandura conducts his now-famous Bobo doll experiment, in which child behavior is described as a construct of observation, imitation, and modeling.

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•Bandura first describes the concept of observational learning to explain aggression.

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•The DSM-II is published.

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•Stanley Milgram publishes "Obedience to Authority," which describes the findings of his famous obedience experiments.

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• The DSM-III is published.

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• Noam Chomsky publishes "On the Nature, Use, and Acquisition of Language."

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•Steven Pinker publishes an article introducing his theories as to how children acquire language, which he later publishes in the book "The Language Instinct."

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•The DSM-IV is published.

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•Steven Pinker publishes "The Blank Slate," arguing against the concept of tabula rasa (the theory that the mind is a blank slate at birth). Avshalom Caspi offers the first evidence that genetics are associated with a child's response to maltreatment. Psychologist Daniel Kahneman is awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his research on how people make judgments in the face of uncertainty.

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•Genetic researchers finish mapping human genes, with the aim of isolating the individual chromosomes responsible for physiological and neurological conditions.

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•Simon LeVay publishes "Gay, Straight, and the Reason Why," which argues that sexual orientation emerges from prenatal differentiation in the brain.

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•The DSM-5 is released. Among other changes, the APA removes "gender identity disorder" from the list of mental illnesses and replaces it with "gender dysphoria" to describe a person's discomfort with their assigned gender.

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• John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser, and Edvard Moser share the Nobel Prize for their discovery of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain that is key to memory and navigation.