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Founded by the French in 1718

It was a major city near the Mississippi River

Became an important cultural area with French, African, Spanish, and Native American influences.

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Founded in 1607 as the first permanent English settlement in North America

It was sponsored by the Virginia Company

They faced starvation and conflict with Native Americans

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Founded in 1670 by English colonists

Became a major port and economic hub of the southern colonies.

Was one of the wealthiest colonies in British America by 1750

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Founded in 1682 by William Penn

It was known for religious tolerance and good relations with Native Americans

They grew into the largest city in the colonies by the 18th century.

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Founded by the Dutch in 1625 on Manhattan Island

It was the capital of the New Netherland colony, and it focused on trade and commerce.

In 1664, the English seized it and named it New York

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This was the site of the last major battle of the American Revolution. British General Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington's army, which effectively ended the war and secured American independence.

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This place was known as the "turning point" of the American Revolution. The American victory convinced France to officially ally with the colonies, providing military and financial support that helped secure the victory.

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This was one of the first battles of the American Revolution and it was fought right after Lexington. Colonial militias made British troops retreat, which showed that colonists could stand up to the British army.

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The very first battle of the Revolution, often called the "shot heard around the world." It marked the beginning of open armed conflict between the colonies and Britain.

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Entered the Union in 1821 as a slave state as part of the Missouri Compromise, which tried the balance the number of free and slave states.

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Maine entered the Union in 1821 as a free state, balancing Missouri's entrance as a slave state in the Missouri Compromise.

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A man-made waterway completed in 1825 in New York, which connected the Great Lakes to the Hudson River and the Atlantic Ocean. It made trade and transportation faster and cheaper, which boosted the economy and western expansion.

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A massive area of land purchased from France in 1803 that doubled the size of the U.S. and stretched from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.

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A Legislative agreement that made Missouri a slave state and Maine a free state. The Line 36°30′ divided the Louisiana Purchase territory. Slavery was banned North of the line but was still permitted in the South.

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Fort Sumter National Monument, South Carolina

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This was the first battle of the Civil War. It started when the South fired on a Union fort in South Carolina, and it basically kicked off the whole war

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Battle of Gettysburg First Shot Marker, Chambersburg Road, Gettysburg, PA

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A huge battle in Pennsylvania that was a turning point in the war. The Union one, and it stopped the South from trying to invade the North again.

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Bleeding Kansas Tree Service, Delaware Street, Lawrence, KS

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A bunch of violent fights in Kansas between people who were for and agaisnt slavery. It showed how divided the country was before the Civil War even started.

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White supermacists attacked and took over the local government in Wilmington, NC. It's important because it's the only cuccessful coup in U.S. history and showed how racism affected politics back then.

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Slave states that stayed in the Union during the Civil War. They were super important because they were in between the North and South and had a lot of people and supplies.

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The main immigration station is in New York Harbor. Millions of immigrants passed through Ellis Island to start new lives in America.

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Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Memorial, Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY

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A fire in a New York clothing factory killed over 140 workers. It exposed unsafe working conditions and led to new labor safety laws.

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Golden Spike National Historical Park, Corinne, UT

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The Golden Spike was driven in at Promontory, Utah, to mark the completion of the first transcontinental railroad. It connected the East and West coasts, helping trade and travel grow fast.

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Hawaii became important for the U.S. as a naval and economic base in the Pacific American sugar planters overthrew the Hawaiian monarchy in 1893, and the U.S. officially annexed Hawaii in 1989. Its location made it a key military spot.

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The U.S. gained the Philippines after the Spanish-American War in 1998. Controlling the Philippines helped America expand into Asia and showed the U.S. was becoming an imperial power. It was also a major battleground in WWII.

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A territory the U.S. gained from Spain in 1898. It showed America's growing influence in the Caribbean. The U.S. used Puerto Rico for military strategy and economic expansion.

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Although bought earlier, Alaska gained new importance during this era because of its natural resources like gold and oil. By the 1900s-1940s, it was also strategically valuable for defense, especially during WWII.

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A major U.S. naval base in the Pacific. Its biggest moment came on December 7, 1941, when Japan attacked it, causing the U.S. to officially enter WWII.

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Normandy, in France, was the site of D-Day. This was the huge Allied invasion that helped free Europe from Nazi control. It marked a turning point in WWII and showed American military power.

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Hiroshima was the first city hit with an atomic bomb on August 6, 1945. The bombing forced Japan to surrender soon after, bringing WWII to an end. It also showed America’s new global power and changed warfare forever.

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Okinawa was one of the final and bloodiest battles in the Pacific during WWII. The U.S. captured Okinawa to prepare for a possible invasion of Japan. This battle influenced the decision to use atomic bombs to avoid huge casualties.

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Berlin was divided after WWII into communist East Berlin and democratic West Berlin. The Berlin Wall became a powerful symbol of the Cold War and the division between communism and democracy.

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Vietnam was the site of a long and violent Cold War conflict where the United States tried to stop communism from spreading in Southeast Asia.

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Cuba became a communist country after Fidel Castro took power, which increased tensions was teh United States and led to events like the Cuban Missile Crisis.

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Turkey was a key U.S. ally during the Cold War because of its location near the Soviet Union, helping the U.S. contain communist influence.

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Inchon was the location of a major U.S.-led military landing during the Korean War that helped push communist forces back and change teh course of the war.

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9/11 Memorial Pools, Greenwich Street, New York, NY

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Refers to the locations targeted during the September 11, 2001 attacks, mainly New York City and Washington, D.C. These sites became symbols of terrorism’s impact on the United States.

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Protocol Direct Marketing Inc, Avenue du Parc, Montreal, QC, Canada

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An international agreement signed in Montreal in 1987 in which countries agreed to reduce and eliminate substances that damage the ozone layer, such as CFCs. It is considered one of the most successful environmental treaties.

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Guantanamo Bay is a U.S. naval base in Cuba that includes a detention center used to hold suspected terrorists during the War on Terror. It has been controversial due to concerns over human rights and due process.

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A militant extremist group that ruled Afghanistan in the late 1990s and regained control later. The Taliban provided safe haven to al-Qaeda and played a major role in the War on Terror.

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An international treaty signed in Kyoto, Japan, that committed countries to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in order to slow climate change. It mainly placed responsibilities on developed nations.