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Columbus Discovers the “New World” - 10/12/1492

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Columbus Discovers the “New World” - 10/12/1492

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In 1492, Christopher Columbus completed his journey across the Atlantic Ocean, ending up on new land, now known as America. His discovery of the "New World" sparked European exploration and colonization in America for centuries to come.

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The conquest of Tenochtitlan was a Spanish campaign against the Aztec empire. In 1521 they successfully destroyed the Aztec empire and began to combine power over this land that became known as the colony of New Spain.

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The Roanoke Settlement was the first attempt at creating a stable and permanent English settlement in North America. During this attempt, Sir Walter Raleigh led several English men and women to Roanoke to establish a settlement. However, this quickly failed due to conflict with natives, disease, and famine.

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King Philip’s War was a war that opposed Native Americans against the English settlers and their Indian allies. The war was seen as a final attempt to drive settlers out of the native land, however, the English won which led to further settlement in the colonies.

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Bacon’s Rebellion was the first popular uprising within the American colonies, which was viewed as an early revolution against the English tyranny. This was an armed rebellion by Virginia settlers, led by Nathaniel Bacon.

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Part of the Seven Years' war when Britain and France fought over the Ohio valley and Canada. Colonies fought under British commanders. The British won and gained control of all remaining French possesions in Canada.

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A group of colonists dressed as Indians in order to board three different British tea ships before dumping 342 chests of tea into the harbor. They did this to protest the British Tea Act of 1773

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This was a meeting that brought all colonies' representatives, except Georgia, together, to Philadelphia. to discuss how they would respond to the British "Intolerable Acts."

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The Declaration of Independance is a resolution created by the Continental Congress which officially broke all ties between colonists and the British. This created the idea that American colonies were now free "states"

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This was an uprising of rural farmers in western Massachusetts against Boston creditors (money/tax collector). This lasted half a year and threatened economic interests and business elites, which contributed to the passing of the Articles of Confederation.

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The Constitutional Convention was a meeting in Philadelphia that brought together representatives from all colonies except Georgia. Here, they discussed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

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This address was printed in newspapers and basically warned everyone that political parties and permanent foreign alliances were bad or could be harmful to the Americas

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A land deal between the United States and France where teh US gained about 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million

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A war between the US and Great Britain casued by American outrage over the impressment (forcing men to serve in military against their will) of American sailers by the British. Britihs took over American ships to aid the Indians in attackign Americnas on the western frontier

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General Robert Ross, a Britihs force occupied Washington DC and set fire to many public buildings following the Americna defeat at the Battle of Bladensburg

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Congress admitted Maine as a free state so Missouri would become a slave state that prohibiting slavery during the rest of the Louisiana purchase territory.

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Women of all ages (and some men) went to discuss the right and conditions of women. They wrote the Declaration of Sentiments, along with other things, that tried to get women the right to vote

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Americans moved away from self-sufficient agriculture to produce thier own goods for sale

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Sparked by a dispute over the annexation of Texas by the United States and a long-standing dispute over the southern border.

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Since slaves are property of their masters, a slave is not automatically granted his freedom when his master moves him to a free state or territory.

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Issued by Lincoln to free all of the slaves in the Confederate states. The slaves in border states loyal to the Union, however, remained enslaved, it only applied to Confederate states in rebellion.

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Where the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant took place.

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John Wilkes Booth shot this leader in the head at Ford's Theater, just days after the Civil War ended.

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Period after the Civil War during which Northern political leaders created plans for the governance of the South and a procedure for former Southern states to rejoin the Union.

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A labor protest rally in Chicago turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at police. At least eight people died as a result of the violence that day. Despite a lack of evidence against them, eight radical labor activists were convicted in connection with the bombing

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A violent strike in Pittsburgh over a decision to cut wages by nearly 20%. This strike ended with the destruction of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel workers, one of the largest unions at the time

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A nonviolent strike that brought down the railway system in most of the West over wages. President Cleveland shut it down because it was interfering with mail delivery

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U.S. Supreme Court decision supporting the legality of Jim Crow laws that permitted or required separate but equal facilities for blacks and whites

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A novel by Upton Sinclair that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago

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A U.S. battleship exploded and sank in Havana Harbor; 260 Americans died. Although it was later concluded that it was an internal explosion caused by a fire in the coal bunker, the sinking provided an excuse for those eager for war with Spain.

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War over the European control of Cuba, America won and gained: Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines, and an alliance with Cuba

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An uprising in China directed against foreign influence. It was suppressed by an international force of some eighteen thousand soldiers, including Americans. It paved the way for the revolution of 1911, which led to the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912.

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The first, modern global war, started by the shooting of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The war is remembered for its violence and destruction, costing over 20 million lives and billions of dollars.

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A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat during WWI. 128 Americans died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, helping the move towards entering the war.

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One of the most significant decades in US History because of the great changes that came about in American society, including the rise of consumerism, technology, and social and creative expression.

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The economic crisis and period of low business activity in the U.S. and other countries, roughly beginning with the stock-market crash in 1929 and approximately ending with the start of the next war.

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President FDR's precursor of the modern welfare state. His programs were meant to combat economic depression and it enacted a number of social insurance measures and used government spending to stimulate the economy.

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The second, modern global war, starting less than 2 decades after the last. A significant portion of the world was involved, divided into Axis and Allied powers.

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A 14-year-old African American, was brutally murdered in 1955 in Mississippi for allegedly whistling at a white woman, an event that played a significant role in the civil rights movement in the United States.

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A series of nonviolent protests initiated by African American college students in 1960 at a Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, challenging racial segregation and inspiring similar actions across the Southern United States during the civil rights movement

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Over 200,000 participants, including Martin Luther King Jr., gathered at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., advocating for equal rights and economic opportunities for African Americans.

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Assassinated on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas, when he was shot and killed while riding in a motorcade, sparking a wave of investigations and conspiracy theories

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Assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee, when he was fatally shot on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel, an event that had a profound impact on the civil rights movement in the United States.

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Enacted to address housing discrimination by prohibiting the refusal to sell or rent a dwelling to any person based on race, color, religion, or national origin, aiming to ensure equal housing opportunities for all.

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Involving the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate office complex, leading to revelations of widespread abuses of power and subsequent resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974

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Marked the end of direct American involvement in the Vietnam War, following the signing of the Paris Peace Accords. South Vietnam would later lose the war and Vietnam is communist to the day

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A political scandal in the 1980s involving the covert sale of weapons to Iran by the U.S. government to fund Nicaraguan Contra rebels, leading to Congressional investigations and convictions.

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An event symbolizing the end of the Cold War, when East and West Berliners dismantled the wall dividing the city, leading to German reunification and the collapse of communist regimes in Eastern Europe.

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Centered on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice related to his extramarital affair.

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The 2000 U.S. presidential election, marked by a controversial recount in Florida, legal battles culminating in the Supreme Court's decision to stop the recount, and Bush's ultimate victory despite losing the popular vote.

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A global military and political campaign initiated by the United States in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, aimed at combating terrorism and its sponsors around the world.

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A U.S. law passed in response to the 9/11 attacks, granting expanded surveillance and law enforcement powers to the government in the name of national security and counterterrorism efforts.

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The capture of Iraq’s capital by U.S. forces in April 2003, marking the collapse of Saddam Hussein’s regime and a major milestone in the Iraq War.

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The final departure of American troops in August 2021, ending a 20-year war and leading to the rapid collapse of the government and return of Taliban rule.