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This event/article is connected to my lesson because in both situations two parties are fighting over land. It details the experiences that both parties experienced in the past just as the British and Americans experienced. It details how many people have been killed and the paths and detours they took to get there. It connects to my lesson because it shows how two parties can fight over something that seems like there would be a clear understanding of ownership but yet still hundreds of people and now thousands of people are dying over. This is taking place in Palestine.

Lesson 1:

https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/middle-east-and-north-africa/israel-and-occupied-palestinian-territories/report-israel-and-occupied-palestinian-territories/#:~:text=Armed%20conflict%20between%20Israel%20and,and%20displacing%20hundreds%20of%20civilians.

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Israel's continuing oppressive and discriminatory system of governing Palestinians in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT) constituted a system of apartheid, and Israeli officials committed the crime of apartheid under international law. Israeli forces launched a three-day offensive on the occupied Gaza Strip in August during which they committed apparent war crimes. This compounded the impact of a 15-year ongoing Israeli blockade that amounts to illegal collective punishment and further fragments Palestinian territory. Israel escalated its crackdown on Palestinians' freedom of association. It also imposed arbitrary restrictions on freedom of movement and closures that amounted to collective punishment, mainly in the northern West Bank, ostensibly in response to armed attacks by Palestinians on Israeli soldiers and settlers. The year saw a rise in the number of Palestinians unlawfully killed and seriously injured by Israeli forces during raids in the West Bank. Administrative detentions of Palestinians hit a 14-year high, and torture and other ill-treatment continued. Israeli forces demolished al-Araqib village in the Negev/Naqab for the 211th time. A further 35 Palestinian-Bedouin towns in Israel were still denied formal recognition and residents faced possible forcible transfer. Authorities failed to process asylum claims for thousands of asylum seekers, and imposed restrictions on their right to work.

Background

In March, the UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in the OPT determined that the "political system of entrenched rule" in the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip "satisfies the prevailing evidentiary standard for the existence of apartheid". In November, the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to adequate housing reached the same conclusion in relation to Israel's policies of home demolitions. Some states, including South Africa, condemned Israeli apartheid, echoing statements by Palestinian, Israeli and international human rights organizations. Despite this growing recognition, Israel continued to enjoy impunity thanks to the support of its key allies.

In October, the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel, concluded that the occupation of the OPT is unlawful due to its permanence and Israel's measures to annex Palestinian land in law and in practice. In 2022, such measures included retroactive authorization of settlement outposts, including by the Israeli Supreme Court.

In November, Israel held its fifth elections in three years after the collapse of an ideologically diverse coalition government, which continued to discriminate against Palestinians on both sides of the Green Line. The vote was polarized between those supporting and opposing former prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, while consensus on maintaining Israel's occupation of Palestinian and Syrian territories remained. The right-wing bloc, led by Benjamin Netanyahu and a religious-nationalist coalition, secured a majority of seats and formed a government in December.

In February, Amnesty International released a 280-page report showing how Israel was imposing an institutionalized regime of oppression and domination against the Palestinian people wherever it exercised control over their rights, fragmenting and segregating Palestinian citizens of Israel, residents of the OPT and Palestinian refugees denied the right of return. Through massive seizures of land and property, unlawful killings, infliction of serious injuries, forcible transfers, arbitrary restrictions on freedom of movement, and denial of nationality, among other inhuman or inhumane acts, Israeli officials would be responsible for the crime against humanity of apartheid, which falls under the jurisdiction of the ICC.

In March, Israeli authorities re-enacted the Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law (temporary order) that imposes sweeping restrictions on Palestinian family unification between Israeli citizens or residents and their spouses from the OPT to maintain a Jewish demographic majority.

In July, the Israeli Supreme Court upheld a law authorizing the interior minister to strip citizens of their citizenship if convicted of acts that amount to "breach of allegiance to the state". Since its enactment in 2008, application of the law has only been considered against Palestinian citizens. On 20 September, the Israeli Appeals Tribunal approved the revocation of stay or temporary residency permits of 10 Palestinians - four children, three women and three men - living in Jerusalem because they are distant relatives of a Palestinian assailant. On 18 December, Israel deported French-Palestinian human rights defender Salah Hammouri following the revocation of his East Jerusalem residency.

Unlawful attacks and killings

Armed conflict between Israel and Palestinian armed groups in Gaza

On 5 August, Israel launched an offensive on the Gaza Strip targeting the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and its armed wing, destroying or damaging some 1,700 Palestinian homes and displacing hundreds of civilians. The Israeli army and Palestinian armed groups committed apparent war crimes during the three days of fighting. (See State of Palestine entry.)

According to the UN, 49 Palestinians were killed, including 31 civilians. Amnesty International established that Israeli forces killed 17 of the civilians, including eight children. Seven civilians, including four children, were killed by a rocket that misfired apparently launched by a Palestinian armed group. On 7 August, an Israeli missile, apparently fired by a drone, hit Al-Falluja cemetery in Jabalia refugee camp, killing five children and injuring one, in an apparent direct attack on civilians or indiscriminate attack.

Israeli forces killed 151 Palestinians in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and injured 9,875, according to OCHA-OPT, amid a surge of military incursions that involved excessive use of force, including unlawful killings and apparent extrajudicial executions. Defense for Children International-Palestine reported that Israeli forces or settlers killed 36 children across the West Bank and East Jerusalem.

On 11 May, Israeli soldiers killed Shirin Abu Akleh, a Palestinian-US Al Jazeera correspondent, and injured her colleague, while they were covering an Israeli army raid in Jenin Camp. In September, the Israeli authorities admitted that an Israeli soldier "likely" killed the journalist but concluded that no criminal offence had been committed.

Right to truth, justice and reparation

Israeli authorities continued to refuse to cooperate with the investigation by the ICC Office of the Prosecutor, despite a 2021 decision by the ICC to initiate an investigation into the situation in Palestine. The authorities also failed to adequately investigate violations and crimes under international law.

Freedom of movement

In the West Bank, 175 permanent checkpoints and other roadblocks, as well as scores of temporary irregular barriers and a draconian permit regime, supported by a repressive biometric surveillance system, continued to control and fragment Palestinian communities.

In October, Israeli authorities placed additional restrictions on freedom of movement in the occupied West Bank reportedly in response to Palestinian attacks on Israeli soldiers and civilians, through sweeping and arbitrary closures that severely disrupted everyday life and amounted to unlawful collective punishment. In April, the Israeli army closed checkpoints into Jenin in a move that appeared designed to stifle Jenin's businesses and trade with Palestinian citizens of Israel. In October, Israeli forces re-imposed a closure on Jenin and closed off Nablus for three weeks, and Shufat refugee camp in occupied East Jerusalem for over a week, gravely affecting the freedom of movement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinian civilians living in those areas and restricting access to medical aid and other essential services.

According to COGAT, a unit of the defence ministry, Israel revoked the permits to work in Israel of 2,500 Palestinians as a means of collective punishment.

A new procedure issued by the Israeli military authorities came into effect in October, restricting the ability of foreign passport holders to live with their Palestinian spouses in the West Bank by limiting their visas to a maximum of six months, requiring couples to request permanent residency status in the West Bank, which is subject to Israeli approval.

In Gaza, the illegal Israeli blockade entered its 16th year. According to Gaza-based human rights organization Al-Mezan, nine patients, including three children, died while waiting for Israeli permits to receive life-saving treatment outside of the Gaza Strip, amid a complex bureaucratic entanglement between Israel, the Palestinian Authority and the Hamas administration.

The only power plant in Gaza was forced to shut for two days in August because of a week-long Israeli closure of all crossings, which prevented the delivery of fuel.

Forced evictions

Tens of thousands of Palestinians remained at risk of forced evictions in Israel and the OPT, including some 5,000 living in shepherding communities in the Jordan Valley and South Hebron Hills. Israeli authorities demolished 952 Palestinian structures across the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, displacing 1,031 Palestinians, and affecting the livelihoods of thousands of others.

On 4 May, the Israeli Supreme Court upheld a decision to forcibly transfer over 1,000 residents of Masafer Yatta in the South Hebron Hills from their ancestral land, which Israel had designated as "firing zone 918", a military training zone closed to Palestinian access.

In July, the Israeli Supreme Court legalized the settlement outpost of Mitzpe Kramim, built on private Palestinian land in the occupied West Bank, claiming that it was "purchased in good faith". This reversed its 2020 decision that ordered the government to evacuate the outpost.

According to OCHA, 2022 was the sixth consecutive year that saw an increase in state-backed settler violence against Palestinians in East Jerusalem and the West Bank, reaching a peak in October during the olive harvest season. The Israeli army and police continued to fail to investigate complaints by Palestinians about such violence.

In Israel, the authorities continued to deny official recognition to 35 Palestinian villages in the Negev/Naqab, depriving them of essential services. In January, the Israeli Land Authority and the Jewish National Fund began planting trees on lands belonging to the village of Saawa al-Atrash in the Negev/Naqab to forcibly transfer its Palestinian population.

In December, Israeli authorities demolished tents and structures in al-Araqib for the 211th time since 2010.

Arbitrary detention

Israeli authorities increased their use of administrative detention, prompting a mass boycott of Israeli military courts by hundreds of detainees including Salah Hammouri, who went on hunger strike together with 29 others in protest at their detention without charge or trial. By 31 December, 866 individuals, all but two of them Palestinians, were administratively detained, the highest number in 14 years.

On 15 April, Israeli police arrested more than 400 Palestinians, including children, journalists and worshippers, during a raid on the al-Aqsa mosque compound in the Old City of Jerusalem. According to the Palestinian Red Crescent, at least 152 Palestinians were injured by rubber bullets, live ammunition and stun grenades, and were beaten. Most were released after several hours.

Torture and other ill-treatment

Israeli forces continued to subject Palestinian detainees to torture and other ill-treatment. As in previous years, the internal investigation unit of the police, Mahash, failed to properly investigate complaints of torture. On 24 November, the Beersheba District Court extended, by four months, the solitary confinement of Ahmad Manasra, imprisoned as a 13-year-old in 2015 and held in solitary confinement since November 2021, an act that amounts to torture. The same court had rejected in September his appeal for early release on medical grounds despite his severe mental health condition.

Freedom of association and expression

On 18 August, Israeli soldiers raided the offices of seven Palestinian civil society organizations in Ramallah, vandalizing equipment, seizing files, and issuing closure orders based on the 1945 Defense (Emergency) Regulations.

On 29 September, the Israeli Central Elections Committee disqualified the Palestinian party Balad from running in Israeli parliamentary elections because it called for a "state for all of its citizens", in violation of Israel's Basic Law. The Israeli Supreme Court reversed the decision in October.

On 24 November, the Israeli military renewed by 45 days and for the fourth time the detention of four Jewish Israeli teenagers - Einat Gerlitz, Evyatar Moshe Rubin, Nave Shabtay and Shahar Schwartz - who were first imprisoned in September for refusing, on grounds of conscience, to enrol in compulsory military service.

Failure to tackle climate crisis and environmental degradation

On 28 June, the government introduced a climate bill, which proposed to reduce Israel's greenhouse gas emissions by 27% by 2030. The bill remained pending. Meanwhile, Israel's military industrial complex, including its August offensive in Gaza, exacerbated environmental damage caused in previous attacks that Israel continued to disregard.

In March, Israeli planes resumed aerial spraying of herbicides on the buffer zone in the Gaza Strip, damaging Palestinian farmland.

LGBTI people's rights

On 14 February, Israel's health ministry published a circular banning medical practitioners from conducting medical "conversion therapy" to change the sexual orientation of gay and lesbian individuals, but failed to grant it legislative status.

Women's rights

In Israel, marriage and divorce remained under the exclusive jurisdiction of religious courts, leading to systematic discrimination against women in personal status matters.

Despite legal protections against domestic violence, 24 women were killed by partners or relatives according to the Israeli police. Some 69 women were killed between January 2020 and August 2022. Of the 40 femicides against Palestinian women in Israel during that period, 58% were not resolved by the police while all 29 femicides of Jewish-Israeli women in the same period were resolved.

Refugees' and migrants' rights

Israel welcomed tens of thousands of people fleeing Ukraine and allowed thousands of Jewish Ukrainians to settle under the 1950 Law of Return, while continuing to deny Palestinian refugees their right of return.

Israel continued to reject asylum applications of nearly 30,000 African asylum seekers, primarily from Eritrea and Sudan. Following a 2021 court decision, over 2,000 Sudanese asylum seekers from Darfur, Blue Nile and the Nuba mountains were given temporary residence permits, including access to national health insurance and other benefits.

In October, a commission appointed by Israel's minister of interior concluded that asylum seekers from Darfur and the Nuba mountains were no longer at risk of persecution on ethnic grounds and could be returned safely to Sudan's capital Khartoum, amid concerns of a possible reversal of Israel's general non-deportation policy.

Government regulations banning some 20,000 asylum seekers from work in 17 Israeli cities unless they seek employment in construction, agriculture, hospitality and institutional nursing, came into effect in October.

1. Israel's Apartheid against Palestinians: a cruel system of domination and a crime against humanity, 1 February

2. "Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories: A perfect storm of apartheid policies led to Salah Hammouri's deportation", 21 December

3. "﻿They Were Just Kids: Evidence of War Crimes During Israel's August 2022 Gaza Offensive", 25 October

4. Israel/OPT: Continuing patterns of unlawful killings and other crimes further entrench apartheid, 11 May

5. "Israel/OPT: The stifling of Palestinian civil society organizations must end", 18 August

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Human rights in Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories

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Stay up to date on the state of human rights in Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories with the latest research, campaigns and education material from Amnesty International.

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I chose this news article about the Israel-Hamas War because it is currently going on today. I feel that it is important to show the students that war didn’t just happen in the past like the Battle of Paoli, it is currently going on today. This also shows students that war doesn’t only happen in the USA, it happens in other countries around us too.

Lesson 3

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Israel-Hamas War: How three months of war in Gaza changed Israel

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Hamas proved this assumption false, showing on October 7 that it was in no way deterred by Israel’s overwhelming power. This has led to a change in Israel’s doctrine.

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This article/current event is connected to my lesson and unit plan because it is the Ukraine-Russia War that has been going on. This specific article discusses how Putin (leader) was leading the military forces to take children from Ukraine and now he has granted them Russian Citizenship. But, this connects with my lesson because it shows how leaders can dictate what they want and since they have this power, people will fall under them and give them what they want, whether that want is good or bad. his is happening outside of the USA in Ukraine and Russia.

Lesson 4

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This website I found gives the history of William Fein and his invention. Just like Ben Franklin, he was an inventor too. Ben Franklin discovered electricity, and William Fein created an electric drill in 1895. This takes place in Germany.

Lesson 5

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FEIN premium power tools for the metal, finishing & automotive sector.
Discover online now and find your suitable FEIN premium power tool.

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With the help of Betsy Ross, the United States has their own flag to represent our nation and has become an important part of our culture. Similarly, the LGBTQ+ community has a flag to represent them and has become part of culture worldwide. All around the world people are waving this flag to show pride, inclusivity, and celebrate a part of culture. The places shown are London, Seoul, South Korea, and Lima, Peru.

Lesson 6

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Pride celebrations around the world | CNN

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From London to South Korea to Peru, LGBTQ+ communities mark Pride month.

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With the help of Betsy Ross, the United States has their own flag to represent our nation and has become an important part of our culture. Similarly, the LGBTQ+ community has a flag to represent them and has become part of culture worldwide. All around the world people are waving this flag to show pride, inclusivity, and celebrate a part of culture. The places shown are London, Seoul, South Korea, and Lima, Peru.

Lesson 6

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Pride celebrations around the world | CNN

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From London to South Korea to Peru, LGBTQ+ communities mark Pride month.

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With the elections coming up in Taiwan, many U.S. lawmakers have stepped up to support Taiwan's democracy. We can relate this to the ideals held during the American Revolution and the principles discussed inside Independence Hall when creating our democracy. In both cases, the idea is that people should be able to decide who will be part of their government and their own political systems. The support of Tawain’s democratic system could be linked to the discussion of the importance of the people having their own self-governance system free from the influence of other external factors, much like what the colonies fought for when they sought independence from Great Britain during the American Revolution.

Lesson 8

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By Michael Martina and Patricia Zengerle

WASHINGTON (Reuters) -Dozens of U.S. lawmakers co-sponsored legislation on Wednesday praising democracy in Taiwan ahead of its presidential and parliamentary elections, prompting China to call for the U.S. to stop official contact with the island.

"Resolved, That the Senate ... is committed to supporting Taiwan's self-defense and the liberty of its people through effective deterrence using all elements of United States power," read the resolution, which has at least 28 Republican and Democratic sponsors in the Senate.

The resolution praises Taiwan's "rule of law and vibrant civil society, diverse economy, and stable political system," and contrasts that with the situation in China.

Taiwan's voters head to the polls on Saturday for presidential and parliamentary elections that are taking place against a backdrop of a ramped-up war of words between Taiwan and China, which views the island as its own territory despite the strong objections of the Taiwanese government.

Taiwan's government has accused China of an unprecedented campaign of election interference, using everything from military activity to trade sanctions to sway the vote toward candidates Beijing may prefer.

The resolution's sponsors hope it will pass by unanimous consent this week.

Republican Dan Sullivan, who led the resolution with Democratic Senator Tim Kaine, said, "I think it's really important for the United States in a bipartisan way to show steady, unwavering support and commitment to Taiwan's democracy and continue to undertake policies to enhance cross-Strait deterrence."

He stressed that the measure's backers are not choosing sides in Taiwan's presidential race. "There's three strong candidates, three strong parties. Our commitment just needs to be to a fair process that's not undermined by coercive activities by Beijing," he told Reuters.

Asked for comment on the resolution, Liu Pengyu, a spokesperson for China's embassy in the U.S., said in an emailed statement that China "firmly opposes" the U.S. having any official contact with Taiwan and said Washington must refrain from "interfering" in its elections.

SECURITY ASSISTANCE IN LIMBO

The U.S. is Taiwan's most important international backer and arms supplier despite the lack of formal diplomatic ties with the island, which China views as its own territory.

Democratic President Joe Biden asked the Senate last year to approve billions of dollars in security assistance for Taiwan, but lawmakers have not yet voted on his request. Republicans insist the aid package - which also includes money for Ukraine's war with Russia - be tied to an overhaul of U.S. immigration policy.

Sullivan said negotiators were "making progress" on the Taiwan component of the supplemental funding request, but that it depended on whether Democrats would agree to a significant border security component.

Republicans and Democrats in the House of Representatives introduced a nearly identical measure on Taiwan. The House version of the resolution is led by Democratic Representatives Gerald Connolly and Ami Bera, and Republicans Andy Barr and Mario Diaz-Balart, leaders of the Taiwan caucus.

Taiwan's de facto ambassador to the United States, Alexander Yui, met with House of Representatives Speaker Mike Johnson on Tuesday, prompting a complaint from China.

Beijing says Taiwan is the most sensitive and important issue in Sino-U.S. relations.

(Reporting by Michael Martina and Patricia Zengerle; Editing by Don Durfee, Jonathan Oatis and David Gregorio)

Copyright 2024 Thomson Reuters.

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Dozens of US Lawmakers Back Resolution Supporting Taiwan Democracy

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US News is a recognized leader in college, grad school, hospital, mutual fund, and car rankings. Track elected officials, research health conditions, and find news you can use in politics, business, health, and education.

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This current event article is connected to my lesson because it states different and unique artifacts that are found around the world. This shows students again how unique and different things were back then and allows them to see they are found all over the world and not just in the United States. It also shows the value and importance of the things that have been conserved over time. This current event talks about places like Thailand, Egypt and much more.

Lesson 9

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Want to see the world? Each year, TIME magazine makes a list of the World’s Greatest Places. TIME for Kids picks its favorites. Some places are a window on the past. Others look out on the future. Together, they represent…

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This event/article is connected to my lesson because in both situations two parties are fighting over land. It details the experiences that both parties experienced in the past just as the British and Americans experienced. It details how many people have been killed and the paths and detours they took to get there. It connects to my lesson because it shows how two parties can fight over something that seems like there would be a clear understanding of ownership but yet still hundreds of people and now thousands of people are dying over. This is taking place in Palestine.

Lesson 1:

https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/middle-east-and-north-africa/israel-and-occupied-palestinian-territories/report-israel-and-occupied-palestinian-territories/#:~:text=Armed%20conflict%20between%20Israel%20and,and%20displacing%20hundreds%20of%20civilians.

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Israel's continuing oppressive and discriminatory system of governing Palestinians in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT) constituted a system of apartheid, and Israeli officials committed the crime of apartheid under international law. Israeli forces launched a three-day offensive on the occupied Gaza Strip in August during which they committed apparent war crimes. This compounded the impact of a 15-year ongoing Israeli blockade that amounts to illegal collective punishment and further fragments Palestinian territory. Israel escalated its crackdown on Palestinians' freedom of association. It also imposed arbitrary restrictions on freedom of movement and closures that amounted to collective punishment, mainly in the northern West Bank, ostensibly in response to armed attacks by Palestinians on Israeli soldiers and settlers. The year saw a rise in the number of Palestinians unlawfully killed and seriously injured by Israeli forces during raids in the West Bank. Administrative detentions of Palestinians hit a 14-year high, and torture and other ill-treatment continued. Israeli forces demolished al-Araqib village in the Negev/Naqab for the 211th time. A further 35 Palestinian-Bedouin towns in Israel were still denied formal recognition and residents faced possible forcible transfer. Authorities failed to process asylum claims for thousands of asylum seekers, and imposed restrictions on their right to work.

Background

In March, the UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in the OPT determined that the "political system of entrenched rule" in the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip "satisfies the prevailing evidentiary standard for the existence of apartheid". In November, the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to adequate housing reached the same conclusion in relation to Israel's policies of home demolitions. Some states, including South Africa, condemned Israeli apartheid, echoing statements by Palestinian, Israeli and international human rights organizations. Despite this growing recognition, Israel continued to enjoy impunity thanks to the support of its key allies.

In October, the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel, concluded that the occupation of the OPT is unlawful due to its permanence and Israel's measures to annex Palestinian land in law and in practice. In 2022, such measures included retroactive authorization of settlement outposts, including by the Israeli Supreme Court.

In November, Israel held its fifth elections in three years after the collapse of an ideologically diverse coalition government, which continued to discriminate against Palestinians on both sides of the Green Line. The vote was polarized between those supporting and opposing former prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, while consensus on maintaining Israel's occupation of Palestinian and Syrian territories remained. The right-wing bloc, led by Benjamin Netanyahu and a religious-nationalist coalition, secured a majority of seats and formed a government in December.

In February, Amnesty International released a 280-page report showing how Israel was imposing an institutionalized regime of oppression and domination against the Palestinian people wherever it exercised control over their rights, fragmenting and segregating Palestinian citizens of Israel, residents of the OPT and Palestinian refugees denied the right of return. Through massive seizures of land and property, unlawful killings, infliction of serious injuries, forcible transfers, arbitrary restrictions on freedom of movement, and denial of nationality, among other inhuman or inhumane acts, Israeli officials would be responsible for the crime against humanity of apartheid, which falls under the jurisdiction of the ICC.

In March, Israeli authorities re-enacted the Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law (temporary order) that imposes sweeping restrictions on Palestinian family unification between Israeli citizens or residents and their spouses from the OPT to maintain a Jewish demographic majority.

In July, the Israeli Supreme Court upheld a law authorizing the interior minister to strip citizens of their citizenship if convicted of acts that amount to "breach of allegiance to the state". Since its enactment in 2008, application of the law has only been considered against Palestinian citizens. On 20 September, the Israeli Appeals Tribunal approved the revocation of stay or temporary residency permits of 10 Palestinians - four children, three women and three men - living in Jerusalem because they are distant relatives of a Palestinian assailant. On 18 December, Israel deported French-Palestinian human rights defender Salah Hammouri following the revocation of his East Jerusalem residency.

Unlawful attacks and killings

Armed conflict between Israel and Palestinian armed groups in Gaza

On 5 August, Israel launched an offensive on the Gaza Strip targeting the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and its armed wing, destroying or damaging some 1,700 Palestinian homes and displacing hundreds of civilians. The Israeli army and Palestinian armed groups committed apparent war crimes during the three days of fighting. (See State of Palestine entry.)

According to the UN, 49 Palestinians were killed, including 31 civilians. Amnesty International established that Israeli forces killed 17 of the civilians, including eight children. Seven civilians, including four children, were killed by a rocket that misfired apparently launched by a Palestinian armed group. On 7 August, an Israeli missile, apparently fired by a drone, hit Al-Falluja cemetery in Jabalia refugee camp, killing five children and injuring one, in an apparent direct attack on civilians or indiscriminate attack.

Israeli forces killed 151 Palestinians in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and injured 9,875, according to OCHA-OPT, amid a surge of military incursions that involved excessive use of force, including unlawful killings and apparent extrajudicial executions. Defense for Children International-Palestine reported that Israeli forces or settlers killed 36 children across the West Bank and East Jerusalem.

On 11 May, Israeli soldiers killed Shirin Abu Akleh, a Palestinian-US Al Jazeera correspondent, and injured her colleague, while they were covering an Israeli army raid in Jenin Camp. In September, the Israeli authorities admitted that an Israeli soldier "likely" killed the journalist but concluded that no criminal offence had been committed.

Right to truth, justice and reparation

Israeli authorities continued to refuse to cooperate with the investigation by the ICC Office of the Prosecutor, despite a 2021 decision by the ICC to initiate an investigation into the situation in Palestine. The authorities also failed to adequately investigate violations and crimes under international law.

Freedom of movement

In the West Bank, 175 permanent checkpoints and other roadblocks, as well as scores of temporary irregular barriers and a draconian permit regime, supported by a repressive biometric surveillance system, continued to control and fragment Palestinian communities.

In October, Israeli authorities placed additional restrictions on freedom of movement in the occupied West Bank reportedly in response to Palestinian attacks on Israeli soldiers and civilians, through sweeping and arbitrary closures that severely disrupted everyday life and amounted to unlawful collective punishment. In April, the Israeli army closed checkpoints into Jenin in a move that appeared designed to stifle Jenin's businesses and trade with Palestinian citizens of Israel. In October, Israeli forces re-imposed a closure on Jenin and closed off Nablus for three weeks, and Shufat refugee camp in occupied East Jerusalem for over a week, gravely affecting the freedom of movement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinian civilians living in those areas and restricting access to medical aid and other essential services.

According to COGAT, a unit of the defence ministry, Israel revoked the permits to work in Israel of 2,500 Palestinians as a means of collective punishment.

A new procedure issued by the Israeli military authorities came into effect in October, restricting the ability of foreign passport holders to live with their Palestinian spouses in the West Bank by limiting their visas to a maximum of six months, requiring couples to request permanent residency status in the West Bank, which is subject to Israeli approval.

In Gaza, the illegal Israeli blockade entered its 16th year. According to Gaza-based human rights organization Al-Mezan, nine patients, including three children, died while waiting for Israeli permits to receive life-saving treatment outside of the Gaza Strip, amid a complex bureaucratic entanglement between Israel, the Palestinian Authority and the Hamas administration.

The only power plant in Gaza was forced to shut for two days in August because of a week-long Israeli closure of all crossings, which prevented the delivery of fuel.

Forced evictions

Tens of thousands of Palestinians remained at risk of forced evictions in Israel and the OPT, including some 5,000 living in shepherding communities in the Jordan Valley and South Hebron Hills. Israeli authorities demolished 952 Palestinian structures across the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, displacing 1,031 Palestinians, and affecting the livelihoods of thousands of others.

On 4 May, the Israeli Supreme Court upheld a decision to forcibly transfer over 1,000 residents of Masafer Yatta in the South Hebron Hills from their ancestral land, which Israel had designated as "firing zone 918", a military training zone closed to Palestinian access.

In July, the Israeli Supreme Court legalized the settlement outpost of Mitzpe Kramim, built on private Palestinian land in the occupied West Bank, claiming that it was "purchased in good faith". This reversed its 2020 decision that ordered the government to evacuate the outpost.

According to OCHA, 2022 was the sixth consecutive year that saw an increase in state-backed settler violence against Palestinians in East Jerusalem and the West Bank, reaching a peak in October during the olive harvest season. The Israeli army and police continued to fail to investigate complaints by Palestinians about such violence.

In Israel, the authorities continued to deny official recognition to 35 Palestinian villages in the Negev/Naqab, depriving them of essential services. In January, the Israeli Land Authority and the Jewish National Fund began planting trees on lands belonging to the village of Saawa al-Atrash in the Negev/Naqab to forcibly transfer its Palestinian population.

In December, Israeli authorities demolished tents and structures in al-Araqib for the 211th time since 2010.

Arbitrary detention

Israeli authorities increased their use of administrative detention, prompting a mass boycott of Israeli military courts by hundreds of detainees including Salah Hammouri, who went on hunger strike together with 29 others in protest at their detention without charge or trial. By 31 December, 866 individuals, all but two of them Palestinians, were administratively detained, the highest number in 14 years.

On 15 April, Israeli police arrested more than 400 Palestinians, including children, journalists and worshippers, during a raid on the al-Aqsa mosque compound in the Old City of Jerusalem. According to the Palestinian Red Crescent, at least 152 Palestinians were injured by rubber bullets, live ammunition and stun grenades, and were beaten. Most were released after several hours.

Torture and other ill-treatment

Israeli forces continued to subject Palestinian detainees to torture and other ill-treatment. As in previous years, the internal investigation unit of the police, Mahash, failed to properly investigate complaints of torture. On 24 November, the Beersheba District Court extended, by four months, the solitary confinement of Ahmad Manasra, imprisoned as a 13-year-old in 2015 and held in solitary confinement since November 2021, an act that amounts to torture. The same court had rejected in September his appeal for early release on medical grounds despite his severe mental health condition.

Freedom of association and expression

On 18 August, Israeli soldiers raided the offices of seven Palestinian civil society organizations in Ramallah, vandalizing equipment, seizing files, and issuing closure orders based on the 1945 Defense (Emergency) Regulations.

On 29 September, the Israeli Central Elections Committee disqualified the Palestinian party Balad from running in Israeli parliamentary elections because it called for a "state for all of its citizens", in violation of Israel's Basic Law. The Israeli Supreme Court reversed the decision in October.

On 24 November, the Israeli military renewed by 45 days and for the fourth time the detention of four Jewish Israeli teenagers - Einat Gerlitz, Evyatar Moshe Rubin, Nave Shabtay and Shahar Schwartz - who were first imprisoned in September for refusing, on grounds of conscience, to enrol in compulsory military service.

Failure to tackle climate crisis and environmental degradation

On 28 June, the government introduced a climate bill, which proposed to reduce Israel's greenhouse gas emissions by 27% by 2030. The bill remained pending. Meanwhile, Israel's military industrial complex, including its August offensive in Gaza, exacerbated environmental damage caused in previous attacks that Israel continued to disregard.

In March, Israeli planes resumed aerial spraying of herbicides on the buffer zone in the Gaza Strip, damaging Palestinian farmland.

LGBTI people's rights

On 14 February, Israel's health ministry published a circular banning medical practitioners from conducting medical "conversion therapy" to change the sexual orientation of gay and lesbian individuals, but failed to grant it legislative status.

Women's rights

In Israel, marriage and divorce remained under the exclusive jurisdiction of religious courts, leading to systematic discrimination against women in personal status matters.

Despite legal protections against domestic violence, 24 women were killed by partners or relatives according to the Israeli police. Some 69 women were killed between January 2020 and August 2022. Of the 40 femicides against Palestinian women in Israel during that period, 58% were not resolved by the police while all 29 femicides of Jewish-Israeli women in the same period were resolved.

Refugees' and migrants' rights

Israel welcomed tens of thousands of people fleeing Ukraine and allowed thousands of Jewish Ukrainians to settle under the 1950 Law of Return, while continuing to deny Palestinian refugees their right of return.

Israel continued to reject asylum applications of nearly 30,000 African asylum seekers, primarily from Eritrea and Sudan. Following a 2021 court decision, over 2,000 Sudanese asylum seekers from Darfur, Blue Nile and the Nuba mountains were given temporary residence permits, including access to national health insurance and other benefits.

In October, a commission appointed by Israel's minister of interior concluded that asylum seekers from Darfur and the Nuba mountains were no longer at risk of persecution on ethnic grounds and could be returned safely to Sudan's capital Khartoum, amid concerns of a possible reversal of Israel's general non-deportation policy.

Government regulations banning some 20,000 asylum seekers from work in 17 Israeli cities unless they seek employment in construction, agriculture, hospitality and institutional nursing, came into effect in October.

1. Israel's Apartheid against Palestinians: a cruel system of domination and a crime against humanity, 1 February

2. "Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories: A perfect storm of apartheid policies led to Salah Hammouri's deportation", 21 December

3. "﻿They Were Just Kids: Evidence of War Crimes During Israel's August 2022 Gaza Offensive", 25 October

4. Israel/OPT: Continuing patterns of unlawful killings and other crimes further entrench apartheid, 11 May

5. "Israel/OPT: The stifling of Palestinian civil society organizations must end", 18 August

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Human rights in Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories

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Stay up to date on the state of human rights in Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories with the latest research, campaigns and education material from Amnesty International.

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This article/current event is connected to my lesson and unit plan because it is the Ukraine-Russia War that has been going on. This specific article discusses how Putin (leader) was leading the military forces to take children from Ukraine and now he has granted them Russian Citizenship. But, this connects with my lesson because it shows how leaders can dictate what they want and since they have this power, people will fall under them and give them what they want, whether that want is good or bad. his is happening outside of the USA in Ukraine and Russia.

Lesson 4

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With the help of Betsy Ross, the United States has their own flag to represent our nation and has become an important part of our culture. Similarly, the LGBTQ+ community has a flag to represent them and has become part of culture worldwide. All around the world people are waving this flag to show pride, inclusivity, and celebrate a part of culture. The places shown are London, Seoul, South Korea, and Lima, Peru. 

Lesson 6

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Pride celebrations around the world | CNN

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From London to South Korea to Peru, LGBTQ+ communities mark Pride month.

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This current event article is connected to my lesson because it states different and unique artifacts that are found around the world. This shows students again how unique and different things were back then and allows them to see they are found all over the world and not just in the United States. It also shows the value and importance of the things that have been conserved over time. This current event talks about places like Thailand, Egypt and much more.

Lesson 9

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Want to see the world? Each year, TIME magazine makes a list of the World’s Greatest Places. TIME for Kids picks its favorites. Some places are a window on the past. Others look out on the future. Together, they represent…

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This current event connects to my lesson because the Battle of the Clouds was about how weather impacted a battle and the people fighting in it. This current event affected many people in Africa. Many people lost their homes, flooding ruined a lot of their possessions. This shows students that weather can have a big impact on people. This takes place in Africa.

Lesson 2

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Rescue efforts continue in North Africa, a region that has been hit with two major natural disasters. An earthquake struck Morocco on September 8. Two days later, rain brought devastating floods to parts of Libya. The 6.8-magnitude quake in…